September 25

Pre-1600 • 275 – For the last time, the Roman Senate chooses an emperor; they elect 75-year-old Marcus Claudius Tacitus. • 762 – Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids begins the Alid Revolt against the Abbasid Caliphate. • 1066 – In the Battle of Stamford Bridge, Harald Hardrada, the invading King of Norway, is defeated by King Harold II of England. • 1237 – England and Scotland sign the Treaty of York, establishing the location of their common border. • 1396 – Ottoman Emperor Bayezid I defeats a Christian army at the Battle of Nicopolis. • 1513 – Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reaches what would become known as the Pacific Ocean. • 1555 – The Peace of Augsburg is signed by Emperor Charles V and the princes of the Schmalkaldic League. 1601–1900 • 1690 – Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick, the first newspaper to appear in the Americas, is published for the first and only time. • 1768 – Unification of Nepal • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Ethan Allen surrenders to British forces after attempting to capture Montreal in the Battle of Longue-Pointe during the invasion of Quebec. • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec sets off to join the American invasion. • 1786 – The mine of Huancavelica in the Peruvian Andes collapses killing more than hundred people. • 1789 – The United States Congress passes twelve constitutional amendments: the ten known as the Bill of Rights, the (unratified) Congressional Apportionment Amendment, and the Congressional Compensation Amendment. • 1790 – Four Great Anhui Troupes introduce Anhui opera to Beijing in honor of the Qianlong Emperor's eightieth birthday. • 1804 – The Teton Sioux (a subdivision of the Lakota) demand one of the boats from the Lewis and Clark Expedition as a toll for allowing the expedition to move further upriver. • 1868 – The Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Nevsky is shipwrecked off Jutland while carrying Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia. • 1890 – The United States Congress establishes Sequoia National Park. 1901–present • 1906 – Leonardo Torres Quevedo demonstrates the Telekino in the Bilbao Abra (Spain), guiding an electric boat from the shore with people on board, which was controlled at a distance over , in what is considered to be the origin of modern wireless remote-control operation principles. • 1911 – An explosion of badly degraded propellant charges on board the French battleship Liberté detonates the forward ammunition magazines and destroys the ship. • 1912 – Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is founded in New York City. • 1915 – World War I: The Second Battle of Champagne begins. • 1918 – World War I: The end of the Battle of Megiddo, the climax of the British Army's Sinai and Palestine campaign under General Edmund Allenby. • 1926 – The international Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery is first signed. • 1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Eighth Route Army gains a minor, but morale-boosting victory in the Battle of Pingxingguan. • 1944 – World War II: Surviving elements of the British 1st Airborne Division withdraw from Arnhem via Oosterbeek. • 1955 – The Royal Jordanian Air Force is founded. • 1956 – TAT-1, the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system, is inaugurated. • 1957 – Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, is integrated by the use of United States Army troops. • 1959 – S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon, is mortally shot by a Buddhist monk, Talduwe Somarama, and dies the next day. • 1962 – The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is formally proclaimed. Ferhat Abbas is elected President of the provisional government. • 1962 – The North Yemen Civil War begins when Abdullah al-Sallal dethrones the newly crowned Imam al-Badr and declares Yemen a republic under his presidency. • 1963 – Lord Denning releases the UK government's official report on the Profumo affair. • 1964 – The Mozambican War of Independence against Portugal begins. • 1969 – The charter establishing the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation is signed. • 1974 – Dr. Frank Jobe performs first ulnar collateral ligament replacement surgery (better known as Tommy John surgery) on baseball player Tommy John. • 1977 – About 4,200 people take part in the first running of the Chicago Marathon. • 1978 – PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727, collides in mid-air with a Cessna 172 and crashes in San Diego, killing all 135 aboard Flight 182, both occupants of the Cessna, as well as seven people on the ground. • 1981 – Belize joins the United Nations. • 1983 – Thirty-eight IRA prisoners, armed with six handguns, hijack a prison meals lorry and smash their way out of the Maze Prison. • 1985 – 3 civilians killed by alleged supporters of the Palestine Liberation Organization in Larnaca yacht killings. • 1987 – Fijian Governor-General Penaia Ganilau is overthrown in a coup d'état led by Lieutenant colonel Sitiveni Rabuka. • 1992 – NASA launches the Mars Observer. Eleven months later, the probe would fail while preparing for orbital insertion. • 1997 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Atlantis on STS-86 to the Mir space station. • 1998 – PauknAir Flight 4101, a British Aerospace 146, crashes near Melilla Airport in Melilla, Spain, killing 38 people. • 2003 – The 8.3 Hokkaidō earthquake strikes just offshore Hokkaidō, Japan. • 2018 – Bill Cosby is sentenced to three to ten years in prison for aggravated sexual assault. ==Births==

Pre-1600 • 1358 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Japanese shōgun (died 1408) • 1403 – Louis III of Anjou (died 1434) • 1525 – Steven Borough, English explorer and navigator (died 1584) • 1528 – Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg (died 1603) • 1529 – Günther XLI, Count of Schwarzburg-Arnstadt (died 1583) • 1599 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss-Italian architect, designed the San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant'Agnese in Agone (died 1667) 1601–1900 • 1636 – Ferdinand Joseph, Prince of Dietrichstein, German prince (died 1698) • 1644 – Ole Rømer, Danish astronomer and instrument maker (died 1710) • 1663 – Johann Nikolaus Hanff, German organist and composer (died 1711) • 1683 – Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer and theorist (died 1764) • 1694 – Henry Pelham, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1754) • 1711 – Qianlong Emperor of China (died 1799) • 1738 – Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and politician, 7th Governor of Delaware (died 1789) • 1741 – Wenzel Pichl, Czech violinist, composer, and director (died 1805) • 1744 – Frederick William II of Prussia (died 1797) • 1758 – Josepha Barbara Auernhammer, Austrian pianist and composer (died 1820) • 1761 – William Mullins, 2nd Baron Ventry, Anglo-Irish politician and peer (died 1827) • 1764 – Fletcher Christian, English sailor (died 1793) • 1766 – Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu, French general and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of France (died 1822) • 1771 – Nikolay Raevsky, Russian general and politician (died 1829) • 1773 – Agostino Bassi, Italian entomologist and author (died 1856) • 1782 – Charles Maturin, Irish author and playwright (died 1824) • 1798 – Jean-Baptiste Élie de Beaumont, French geologist and engineer (died 1874) • 1816 – Georg August Rudolph, German lawyer and politician, 3rd Mayor of Marburg (died 1893) • 1825 – William Pitt Ballinger, American lawyer and politician (died 1888) • 1825 – Joachim Heer, Swiss lawyer and politician, President of the National Council (died 1879) • 1839 – Karl Alfred von Zittel, German palaeontologist and geologist (died 1904) • 1862 – Léon Boëllmann, French organist and composer (died 1897) • 1862 – Billy Hughes, English-Australian carpenter and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Australia (died 1952) • 1865 – Henri Lebasque, French artist (died 1937) • 1866 – Thomas Hunt Morgan, American biologist, geneticist, and embryologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1945) • 1867 – Yevgeny Miller, Russian general (died 1938) • 1877 – Plutarco Elías Calles, Mexican general and President (died 1945) • 1879 – Lope K. Santos, Filipino lawyer and politician, 4th Governor of Rizal (died 1963) • 1881 – Lu Xun, Chinese author and critic (died 1936) • 1884 – Adolf Bolm, Russian ballet dancer and choreographer (died 1951) • 1888 – Hanna Ralph, German actress (died 1978) • 1889 – Charles Kenneth Scott Moncrieff, Scottish author and translator (died 1930) • 1893 – Harald Cramér, Swedish mathematician and statistician (died 1985) • 1896 – Sandro Pertini, Italian journalist and politician, 7th President of Italy (died 1990) • 1897 – William Faulkner, American novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1962) • 1898 – Robert Brackman, Ukrainian-American painter and educator (died 1980) • 1899 – Udumalai Narayana Kavi, Indian poet and songwriter (died 1981) • 1900 – Artur Sirk, Estonian soldier, lawyer, and politician (died 1937) 1901–present • 1901 – Robert Bresson, French director and screenwriter (died 1999) • 1901 – Gordon Coventry, Australian footballer (died 1968) • 1903 – Mark Rothko, Latvian-American painter and educator (died 1970) • 1906 – Volfgangs Dārziņš, Latvian composer, pianist, and music critic (died 1962) • 1906 – Phyllis Pearsall, English painter, cartographer, and author (died 1996) • 1906 – Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian pianist and composer (died 1975) (died 2020) • 1916 – Jessica Anderson, Australian author and playwright (died 2010) • 1916 – Deendayal Upadhyaya, Indian economist, sociologist, and journalist (died 1968) • 1917 – Phil Rizzuto, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2007) • 1920 – Sergei Bondarchuk, Ukrainian-Russian actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1994) • 1920 – Satish Dhawan, Indian engineer (died 2002) • 1921 – Rob Muldoon, New Zealand sergeant, accountant, and politician, 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1992) • 1922 – Hammer DeRoburt, Nauruian educator and politician, 1st President of Nauru (died 1992) • 1923 – Robert Laxalt, American author and academic (died 2001) • 1923 – Sam Rivers, American saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer (died 2011) • 1924 – Norman Ayrton, English actor and director (died 2017) • 1924 – Red Webb, American baseball player (died 1996) • 1925 – Silvana Pampanini, Italian model, actress, and director, Miss Italy 1946 (died 2016) • 1926 – Jack Hyles, American pastor and author (died 2001) • 1926 – Aldo Ray, American actor (died 1991) • 1927 – Carl Braun, American basketball player and coach (died 2010) • 1927 – Colin Davis, English conductor and educator (died 2013) • 1929 – Ronnie Barker, English actor and screenwriter (died 2005) • 1929 – Delia Scala, Italian ballerina and actress (died 2004) • 1929 – Barbara Walters, American journalist, producer, and author (died 2022) • 1930 – Nino Cerruti, Italian fashion designer, founded Cerruti (died 2022) • 1930 – Shel Silverstein, American author, poet, illustrator, and songwriter (died 1999) • 1944 – Doris Matsui, American politician • 1944 – Grayson Shillingford, Dominican cricketer (died 2009) • 1945 – Kathleen Brown, American lawyer and politician, 29th California State Treasurer • 1945 – Carol Vadnais, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2014) • 1946 – Bishan Singh Bedi, Indian cricketer and coach (died 2023) • 1946 – Felicity Kendal, English actress • 1946 – Bryan MacLean, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (died 1998) • 1946 – Janusz Majer, Polish mountaineer • 1946 – Gil Morgan, American golfer • 1946 – Ali Parvin, Iranian footballer • 1946 – Jerry Penrod, American bass player • 1947 – Giannos Kranidiotis, Greek politician and diplomat (died 1999) • 1947 – Cheryl Tiegs, American model and actress • 1948 – Vladimir Yevtushenkov, Russian businessman • 1949 – Pedro Almodóvar, Spanish director, producer, and screenwriter • 1950 – Stanisław Szozda, Polish cyclist and trainer (died 2013) • 1951 – Yardena Arazi, Israeli singer • 1951 – Burleigh Drummond, American drummer and songwriter • 1951 – Graeme Knowles, English bishop • 1951 – Mark Hamill, American actor, singer, and producer • 1957 – Vladimir Popovkin, Russian general (died 2014) • 1958 – Randy Kerber, American keyboard player, composer, and conductor • 1959 – Jeon Soo-il, South Korean director, producer, and screenwriter • 1960 – Igor Belanov, Ukrainian footballer and manager • 1961 – Mehmet Aslantuğ, Turkish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter • 1961 – Heather Locklear, American actress • 1969 – Tony Womack, American baseball player • 1969 – Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress • 1970 – Paul Pope, American cartoonist, writer and artist • 1970 – Dean Ween, American musician • 1971 – Nikos Boudouris, Greek basketball player and manager • 1971 – John Lynch, American football player and sportscaster • 1971 – Seb Sanders, English jockey • 1972 – Douglas September, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer • 1973 – Tijani Babangida, Nigerian footballer • 1973 – Jenny Chapman, English politician • 1973 – Bridgette Wilson, American actress, singer, model, and beauty queen • 1977 – Joel David Moore, American actor • 1984 – Ivory Latta, American basketball player • 1984 – Matías Silvestre, Argentinian footballer • 1984 – Zach Woods, American actor and comedian • 1992 – Ruslan Zhiganshin, Russian ice dancer • 1993 – Brandin Cooks, American football player • 1993 – Toby Greene, Australian footballer • 1995 – Todd Hazelwood, Australian race car driver • 2000 – Lilas Ikuta, Japanese singer and songwriter • 2001 – Cade Cunningham, American basketball player • 2003 – Bella Ramsey, English actor • 2009 – Leah Jeffries, American actress ==Deaths==

Pre-1600 • 1066 – Harald Hardrada, Norwegian king (born 1015) • 1066 – Maria Haraldsdotter, Norwegian princess • 1066 – Tostig Godwinson, English son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex (born c. 1029) • 1086 – William VIII, Duke of Aquitaine (born 1025) • 1087 – Simon I de Montfort, French nobleman (born c. 1025) • 1333 – Prince Morikuni, Japanese shōgun (born 1301) • 1367 – Jakushitsu Genkō, Japanese poet (born 1290) • 1396 – Jean de Carrouges, French knight (born 1330) • 1396 – Jean de Vienne, French general and admiral (born 1341) • 1496 – Piero Capponi, Italian soldier and politician (born 1447) • 1506 – Philip I of Castile (born 1478) • 1534 – Pope Clement VII (born 1478) • 1536 – Johannes Secundus, Dutch author and poet (born 1511) • 1550 – Georg von Blumenthal, German bishop (born 1490) • 1588 – Tilemann Heshusius, German Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (born 1527) 1601–1900 • 1602 – Caspar Peucer, German physician, scholar, and reformer (born 1525) • 1615 – Arbella Stuart, English noblewoman and woman of letters (born 1575) • 1617 – Emperor Go-Yōzei of Japan (born 1572) • 1617 – Francisco Suárez, Spanish priest, philosopher, and theologian (born 1548) • 1621 – Mary Sidney, English writer (born 1561) • 1626 – Lancelot Andrewes, English bishop and scholar (born 1555) • 1630 – Ambrogio Spinola, 1st Marquis of the Balbases, Italian general and politician, Governor of the Duchy of Milan (born 1569) • 1665 – Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (born 1610) • 1703 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish general (born 1658) • 1774 – John Bradstreet, Canadian-English general (born 1714) • 1777 – Johann Heinrich Lambert, Swiss mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (born 1728) • 1791 – William Bradford, American soldier and publisher (born 1719) • 1792 – Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish politician and diplomat (born 1710) • 1794 – Paul Rabaut, French pastor (born 1718) • 1828 – Charlotta Seuerling, Swedish singer, harpsichord player, and composer (born 1783) • 1849 – Johann Strauss I, Austrian composer (born 1804) • 1867 – Oliver Loving, American rancher, co-developed the Goodnight–Loving Trail (born 1812) • 1893 – Louise von François, German author (born 1817) • 1900 – Félix-Gabriel Marchand, Canadian journalist and politician, 11th Premier of Québec (born 1832) • 1900 – John M. Palmer, American general and politician, 15th Governor of Illinois (born 1817) 1901–present • 1901 – Arthur Fremantle, English general and politician, Governor of Malta (born 1835) • 1905 – Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac, French educator and politician (born 1853) • 1917 – Thomas Ashe, Irish revolutionary, rebel commander, died on hunger strike (born 1885) • 1918 – Mikhail Alekseyev, Russian general (born 1857) • 1926 – Herbert Booth, English songwriter and bandleader (born 1862) • 1928 – Richard F. Outcault, American cartoonist, created The Yellow Kid and Buster Brown (born 1863) • 1929 – Miller Huggins, American baseball player and manager (born 1879) • 1933 – Ring Lardner, American journalist and author (born 1885) • 1938 – Lev Zadov, Ukrainian intelligence agent (born 1893) • 1939 – Ali Saip Ursavaş, Turkish soldier and politician (born 1885) • 1941 – Foxhall P. Keene, American polo player, golfer, and race car driver (born 1867) • 1943 – Alexander Hall, Scottish-Canadian soccer player (born 1880) • 1946 – Hans Eppinger, Austrian physician (born 1879) • 1955 – Martha Norelius Swedish-born American swimmer (born 1909) • 1958 – John B. Watson, American psychologist and academic (born 1878) • 1960 – Emily Post, American author and educator (born 1873) • 1961 – Frank Fay, American actor and singer (born 1897) • 1968 – Hans F. K. Günther, German eugenicist and academic (born 1891) • 1968 – Cornell Woolrich, American author and screenwriter (born 1903) • 1970 – Erich Maria Remarque, German-Swiss author and translator (born 1898) • 1971 – Hugo Black, American captain, jurist, and politician, Associate Supreme Court Justice (born 1886) • 1972 – Alejandra Pizarnik, Argentine poet (born 1936) • 1980 – John Bonham, English drummer and songwriter (born 1948) • 1980 – Lewis Milestone, Russian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1895) • 1980 – Marie Under, Estonian author and poet (born 1883) • 1983 – Leopold III of Belgium (born 1901) • 1984 – Walter Pidgeon, Canadian-American actor (born 1897) • 1986 – Darshan Singh Canadian, Indian-Canadian trade union leader and activist (born 1917) • 1986 – Donald MacDonald, Canadian union leader and politician (born 1909) • 1986 – Nikolay Semyonov, Russian physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1896) • 1986 – Hans Vogt, Norwegian linguist and academic (born 1909) • 1987 – Mary Astor, American actress (born 1906) • 1987 – Emlyn Williams, Welsh actor and playwright (born 1905) • 1988 – Billy Carter, American farmer and businessman (born 1937) • 1988 – Arthur Võõbus, Estonian-American orientalist and scholar (born 1909) • 1990 – Prafulla Chandra Sen, Indian accountant and politician, 3rd Chief Minister of West Bengal (born 1897) • 1991 – Klaus Barbie, German SS captain, known as the "Butcher of Lyon" (born 1913) • 1991 – Viviane Romance, French actress and producer (born 1912) • 1992 – Ivan Vdović, Serbian musician (born 1961) • 1995 – Dave Bowen, Welsh footballer and manager (born 1928) • 1995 – Annie Elizabeth Delany, American dentist and author (born 1891) • 1997 – Hélène Baillargeon, Canadian singer and actress (born 1916) • 1997 – Jean Françaix, French pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1912) • 1999 – Marion Zimmer Bradley, American author (born 1930) • 2003 – Aqila al-Hashimi, Iraqi translator and politician (born 1953) • 2003 – Herb Gardner, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1934) • 2003 – Franco Modigliani, Italian-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1918) • 2003 – George Plimpton, American writer and literary editor (born 1927) • 2005 – Don Adams, American actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1923) • 2005 – Madeline-Ann Aksich, Canadian businesswoman and philanthropist (born 1956) • 2005 – George Archer, American golfer (born 1939) • 2005 – Urie Bronfenbrenner, Russian-American psychologist and ecologist (born 1917) • 2005 – Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Pakistani linguist and critic (born 1912) • 2005 – M. Scott Peck, American psychiatrist and author (born 1936) • 2005 – Friedrich Peter, Austrian lawyer and politician (born 1921) • 2006 – Jeff Cooper, American target shooter and author (born 1920) • 2006 – John M. Ford, American author and poet (born 1957) • 2007 – Haidar Abdel-Shafi, Palestinian physician and politician (born 1919) • 2007 – André Emmerich, German-American art dealer (born 1924) • 2008 – Derog Gioura, Nauruan politician, 23rd President of Nauru (born 1932) • 2009 – Alicia de Larrocha, Spanish pianist (born 1923) • 2009 – Pierre Falardeau, Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1946) • 2011 – Wangari Maathai, Kenyan environmentalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1940) • 2012 – Billy Barnes, American composer and songwriter (born 1927) • 2012 – John Bond, English footballer and manager (born 1932) • 2012 – Eric Ives, English historian and academic (born 1931) • 2012 – Alonso Lujambio, Mexican academic and politician (born 1962) • 2012 – Andy Williams, American singer (born 1927) • 2013 – Ron Fenton, English footballer, coach, and manager (born 1940) • 2013 – Choi In-ho, South Korean author and screenwriter (born 1945) • 2013 – José Montoya, American poet and academic (born 1932) • 2013 – Billy Mure, American guitarist and composer (born 1915) • 2013 – Pablo Verani, Italian-Argentinian lawyer and politician (born 1938) • 2013 – Bennet Wong, Canadian psychiatrist and academic, co-founded Haven Institute (Gabriola Island, Canada) (born 1930) • 2014 – Ulrick Chérubin, Haitian-Canadian educator and politician (born 1943) • 2014 – Sulejman Tihić, Bosnian lawyer, judge, and politician (born 1951) • 2014 – Dorothy Tyler-Odam, English high jumper (born 1920) • 2015 – Claudio Baggini, Italian Roman Catholic prelate (born 1936) • 2015 – John Galvin, American general (born 1929) • 2015 – Tom Kelley, American baseball player and manager (born 1944) • 2015 – Moti Kirschenbaum, Israeli journalist (born 1939) • 2016 – José Fernández, Cuban-American baseball player (born 1992) • 2016 – Arnold Palmer, American golfer (born 1929) • 2016 – Nahid Hattar, Jordanian writer and political activist (born 1960) • 2017 – Jan Tříska, Czech actor (born 1936) • 2023 – David McCallum, Scottish actor (born 1933) ==Holidays and observances==

• Armed Forces Day or Revolution Day (Mozambique) • Bangladeshi Immigration Day (United States) • Christian feast day: • Abadir and Iraja and Companions (Coptic Church) • Aunarius (Aunacharius) • Anathalon (Archdiocese of Milan) • Cadoc • Ceolfrith • Cleopas • Euphrosyne of Alexandria • Finbarr • Fermin of Amiens • Lancelot Andrewes (Church of England) • Sergius of Radonezh (repose) • Vincent Strambi • September 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) • Day of National Recognition for the Harkis (France) • National Research Administrators Day (United States) • National Youth Day (Nauru) ==References==