Market1955 in literature
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1955 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1955.

Events
February 8Jin Yong's first wuxia novel, The Book and the Sword (書劍恩仇錄), begins publication in the New Evening Post (Hong Kong), where he is an editor. • March 3Jean Cocteau is elected to the Académie française (inducted October 20); on January 8 he has been elected to the Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique (inducted October 1). • April 16 – Sir Laurence Olivier's film version of Shakespeare's Richard III is released in U.K. cinemas. • June – J. P. Donleavy's novel The Ginger Man is published in Paris by Olympia Press, but he is angered when he finds they have produced it under their imprint for pornography, 'The Traveller's Companion Series'. It is prohibited in both the author's adoptive and native countries, the Republic of Ireland and the United States, for obscenity. Set in postwar Dublin it features the character Sebastian Dangerfield. • July 10Jorge Luis Borges is appointed Director of the National Library of the Argentine Republic. • July 14 – Director Stephen Joseph sets up Britain's first theatre in the round at Scarborough, North Yorkshire, predecessor of the Stephen Joseph Theatre. • July 30 – The English poet Philip Larkin, having become University Librarian at the University of Hull on March 21, is inspired on a train from Hull to Grantham to write a poem, "The Whitsun Weddings". His collection The Less Deceived is published in November (dated October). • August • The American speculative fiction author Charles Beaumont's short story "The Crooked Man", depicting a homosexual society where heterosexuality is persecuted, is published in Playboy magazine after being rejected by Esquire. • An article in the British Journal of Education criticises Enid Blyton's novels as formulaic. • August 3 – The English-language première of Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot, directed by Peter Hall, opens at the Arts Theatre, London. The initial reaction is hostile, but "[e]verything changed on Sunday 7 August 1955 with Kenneth Tynan's and Harold Hobson's reviews in The Observer and The Sunday Times. Beckett was always grateful to the two reviewers for their support ... which more or less transformed the play overnight into the rage of London." • August 27 – The first hardback edition of The Guinness Book of Records appears in London. • September – Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita appears in Paris three years before its US publication. • September 26 – The Madan Puraskar is established as an annual award for outstanding books in the Nepali language, endowed by Rani Jagadamba Kumari Devi (first awards 1956). • November – Frank Herbert's first novel The Dragon in the Sea begins as a three-part serial, Under Pressure, in the monthly Astounding Science-Fiction. • November 28Ray Lawler's Summer of the Seventeenth Doll is first staged by the Union Theatre Repertory Company in Melbourne with the playwright in a lead. It is the first authentically naturalistic drama in the theatre of Australia. • unknown dateViolette Leduc's novel Ravages is issued in France but the publisher, Éditions Gallimard, suppresses the opening section depicting a semi-autobiographical lesbian awakening, which will be published as a novella, Thérèse et Isabelle, in 1966. • The Indian guru Mani Madhava Chakyar performs Koodiyattam outside a temple for the first time. ==New books==
New books
FictionKingsley AmisThat Uncertain FeelingIsaac AsimovThe End of EternityThe Martian Way and Other StoriesElisabeth AugustinLabyrinth (Auswege)Nigel BalchinThe Fall of the SparrowMargot Bennett – ''The Man Who Didn't Fly'' • John BinghamThe Paton Street CaseAntoine Blondin – ''L'Humeur vagabonde'' • Elizabeth BowenA World of LoveLeigh BrackettThe Long TomorrowRay BradburyThe October CountryChristianna BrandTour de ForceVictor CanningHis Bones are CoralHenry CecilBrothers in LawLouis-Ferdinand CélineConversations with Professor Y (Entretiens avec le professeur Y)Agatha ChristieHickory Dickory DockArthur C. ClarkeEarthlightIvy Compton-BurnettMother and SonThomas B. CostainThe TontineMarco DeneviRosaura a las 10 (Rosaura at 10 O'Clock) • Patrick DennisAuntie MameJohn Dickson CarrCaptain Cut-ThroatJ. P. DonleavyThe Ginger ManFriedrich DürrenmattOnce a Greek (Grieche sucht Griechin)Mircea EliadeThe Forbidden Forest (Noaptea de Sânziene)Ian FlemingMoonrakerAndré FranquinLa Corne de rhinocérosGillian FreemanThe Liberty ManWilliam GaddisThe RecognitionsGao Yubao (with Guo Yongjiang) – Gao YubaoDavid GarnettAspects of LoveWilliam GoldingThe InheritorsRichard GordonDoctor at LargeGraham GreeneThe Quiet AmericanLoser Takes AllHenri René Guieu • ''L'Agonie du Verre'' • ''Commandos de l'Espace'' • Univers parallèlesL.P. HartleyA Perfect WomanRobert A. HeinleinTunnel in the SkyGeorgette HeyerBath TanglePatricia HighsmithThe Talented Mr. RipleyRobert E. Howard and L. Sprague de CampTales of ConanAldous HuxleyThe Genius and the GoddessMac HymanNo Time for SergeantsRoger IkorLes Eaux mêléesMichael InnesThe Man from the SeaDan JacobsonThe TrapRobin JenkinsThe Cone GatherersRuth Prawer JhabvalaTo Whom She WillMacKinlay KantorAndersonvilleNikos KazantzakisThe Last Temptation of Christ (O Teleutaios Peirasmos) • Yaşar KemalMemed, My Hawk (İnce Memed)Margaret KennedyThe OraclesAlexander Lernet-HoleniaCount LunaE. C. R. LoracAsk a PolicemanJózef MackiewiczDroga donikąd (The Road to Nowhere) • KarierowiczAlistair MacLeanHMS UlyssesNorman MailerThe Deer ParkGabriel García MárquezThe Story of a Shipwrecked Sailor (Relato de un náufrago)Leaf Storm (La Hojarasca)Ngaio MarshScales of JusticeJ. J. Marric – ''Gideon's Day'' • Albert MemmiThe Pillar of SaltMargaret MillarBeast in ViewGladys Mitchell – ''Watson's Choice'' • Brian MooreThe Lonely Passion of Judith HearneVladimir NabokovLolitaFlannery O'ConnorA Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories (including "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" and "Good Country People") • John O'HaraTen North FrederickPier Paolo PasoliniRagazzi di vitaAnthony PowellThe Acceptance WorldMarin PredaMoromeții, Vol. 1 • Barbara PymLess than AngelsAlain Robbe-GrilletLe VoyeurRobert RuarkSomething of ValueJuan RulfoPedro PáramoRafael Sánchez FerlosioEl JaramaA. S. T. Fisher (as Michael Scarrott) – Ambassador of LossIsaac Bashevis SingerSatan in GorayHoward SpringThese Lovers Fled AwayMary StewartMadam, Will You Talk?Rex StoutBefore MidnightJim ThompsonAfter Dark, My SweetMorton ThompsonNot as a StrangerJ. R. R. TolkienThe Lord of the Rings: The Return of the KingHenry WadeA Dying FallAlec WaughIsland in the SunEvelyn WaughOfficers and GentlemenAnthony WestHeritagePatrick WhiteThe Tree of ManLeonard WibberleyThe Mouse That RoaredSloan WilsonThe Man in the Gray Flannel SuitHerman WoukMarjorie MorningstarJohn WyndhamThe ChrysalidsFrank YerbyThe Treasure of Pleasant Valley Children and young peopleRev. W. AwdryFour Little Engines (tenth in The Railway Series of 42 books by him and his son Christopher Awdry) • BB (Denys Watkins-Pitchford) – The Forest of Boland Light RailwayPaul BernaLe Cheval sans tête (Horse without a Head, translated as A Hundred Million Francs) • Dick BrunaMiffy (Nijntje)Crockett JohnsonHarold and the Purple CrayonC. S. Lewis – ''The Magician's Nephew'' • William MayneA Swarm in MayJanet McNeillMy Friend Specs McCannIona and Peter OpieThe Oxford Nursery Rhyme BookPhilippa PearceMinnow on the SayMarjorie Kinnan Rawlings (died 1953) – The Secret RiverBarbara SleighCarbonel: The King of the CatsE. C. SpykmanA Lemon and a StarCatherine StorrClever Polly and the Stupid WolfPatricia WrightsonThe Crooked SnakeEva-Lis WuorioReturn of the Viking DramaArthur AdamovLe Ping-PongEnid BagnoldThe Chalk GardenSamuel BeckettWaiting for Godot (English version) • Bertolt BrechtTrumpets and Drums (Pauken und Trompeten; adaptation of Farquhar's The Recruiting Officer, 1706) • João Cabral de Melo NetoMorte e Vida Severina (Severine Life and Death, verse) • Alice ChildressTrouble in MindJohn DightonMan Alive!Sonnie HaleThe French MistressWilliam IngeBus StopEugène IonescoJack, or The Submission (Jacques ou la soumission)The New Tenant (Le Nouveau locataire)Ray LawlerSummer of the Seventeenth DollJerome Lawrence and Robert Edwin LeeInherit the WindPhilip MackieThe Whole TruthArthur MillerA View from the Bridge (one-act verse version) • A Memory of Two MondaysJ. B. PriestleyMr. Kettle and Mrs. MoonReginald RoseTwelve Angry Men (stage version) • Jean-Paul SartreNekrassovAriano SuassunaO Auto da Compadecida (The Compassionate Self) • Orson WellesMoby Dick—RehearsedThornton WilderThe MatchmakerA Life in the SunTennessee WilliamsCat on a Hot Tin RoofCarl ZuckmayerThe Cold Light (Das kalte Licht) Musical theaterCole Porter's musical Silk Stockings opens at Imperial Theatre New York City for 461 performances PoetryEmily Dickinson (died 1886), edited by Thomas H. Johnson – The Poems of Emily DickinsonPhilip LarkinThe Less DeceivedR.S. Thomas – ''Song at the Year's Turning'' Non-fictionRichard AldingtonLawrence of Arabia: A Biographical InquiryJames BaldwinNotes of a Native SonFrank BarlowThe Feudal Kingdom of EnglandIvan Bunin (died 1953) – About ChekhovG. D. H. ColeStudies in Class StructureThomas E. GaddisBirdman of AlcatrazAntonio Gramsci – ''Gli intellettuali e l'organizzazione della cultura'' (Intellectuals and Cultural Organization) • Robert GravesThe Greek MythsThe Guinness Book of Records, 1st edition • Langston HughesThe Sweet Flypaper of LifeMorris K. JessupThe Case for the UFOR. K. KelsallHigher Civil Servants in BritainT. E. Lawrence (352087 A/c Ross; died 1935) – The Mint: A day-book of the R.A.F. Depot between August and December 1922, with later notes (written 1928; 1st trade edition) • C. S. LewisSurprised by JoyWalter LippmannEssays in the Public PhilosophyWalter LordA Night to RememberHerbert MarcuseEros and CivilizationAlan MarshallI Can Jump PuddlesGarrett MattinglyRenaissance DiplomacyMeher BabaGod SpeaksJ. H. PlumbStudies in Social HistoryRANDA Million Random Digits with 100,000 Normal DeviatesDonald J. WestHomosexuality ==Births==
Births
January 11Max Lucado, American religious writer • January 12Rockne S. O'Bannon, American writer and producer • January 13Jay McInerney, American novelist • January 27Alexander Stuart, English-born American novelist and screenwriter • February 2Leszek Engelking, Polish poet, fiction writer and translator • February 8John Grisham, American novelist • February 17Mo Yan, Chinese fiction writer • February 23Francesca Simon, American-born children's fiction writer • March 11D. J. MacHale, American writer • March 19John Burnside, Scottish poet and fiction writer • March 23Lloyd Jones, New Zealand novelist • March 27Patrick McCabe, Irish novelist • April 8Barbara Kingsolver, American novelist, essayist and poet • April 30Zlatko Topčić, Bosnian author and screenwriter • May 13Mark Abley, Canadian poet and non-fiction writer • May 30Colm Tóibín, Irish novelist, playwright and poet • June 4Val McDermid, Scottish crime novelist • June 16J. Jill Robinson, Canadian fiction writer • June 20Tor Nørretranders, Danish science author • July 1Candia McWilliam, Scottish fiction writer • Lisa Scottoline, American writer of legal thrillers • July 5Sebastian Barry, Irish novelist, playwright and poet • Mia Couto (António Emílio Leite Couto), Mozambican fiction writer and poet • July 6Michael Boyd, British theatre director • William Wall, Irish author and poet • July 7Suzanne Weyn, American children's and young-adult writer • July 10Regina Yaou, Ivory Coast novelist (died 2017) • July 12Robin Robertson, Scottish-born poet, novelist and editor • July 24Brad Watson, American author and academic (died 2020) • August 2Caleb Carr, American writer • August 7Vladimir Sorokin, Russian writer • August 8Iain Pears, English writer • August 14 - Mary E. Pearson, American young-adult fiction writer • September 6Raymond Benson, American novelist • September 13Hiromi Itō (伊藤 比呂美), Japanese poet, essayist and translator • October 19Jason Shinder, American poet and editor (died 2008) • November 6Catherine Asaro, American science fiction and fantasy author • November 12Katharine Weber, American author and academic • November 23Steven Brust, American fantasy author • December 28Liu Xiaobo (刘晓波), Chinese critic, writer and activist (died 2017) • unknown dateWang Xiaoni (王小妮), Chinese poet ==Deaths==
Deaths
January 18Saadat Hasan Manto, Pakistani fiction writer (born 1912; cirrhosis) • January 20Robert P. Tristram Coffin, American poet, essayist and novelist (born 1892) • February 23Paul Claudel, French poet, dramatist and diplomat (born 1868) • April 10Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French philosopher and essayist (born 1881) • May 16James Agee, American writer (born 1909; heart attack) • June 6Joseph Jefferson Farjeon, English crime writer (born 1883) • June 17Constance Holme, English novelist and dramatist (born 1880) • June 19Adrienne Monnier, French poet and publisher (born 1892; suicide) • June 21Roger Mais, Jamaican novelist (born 1905) • June 30Gilbert Cannan, British writer (born 1884) • July 3Beatrice Chase, English writer (born 1874) • August 1Charles Shaw, Australian writer (born 1900) • August 2Wallace Stevens, American poet (born 1879) • August 12Thomas Mann, German novelist (born 1875) • August 14Herbert Putnam, American Librarian of Congress (born 1861) • August 29Hong Shen (洪深), Chinese dramatist (born 1894) • September 7Mary Tracy Earle, American author and essayist (born 1864) • September 20Robert Riskin, American dramatist and screenwriter (born 1897) • October 18José Ortega y Gasset, Spanish philosopher (born 1883) • November 1Dale Carnegie, American writer (born 1888) • November 12Tin Ujević, Croatian poet (born 1891) • November 14Ruby M. Ayres, English romance novelist (born 1881) • Robert E. Sherwood, American playwright (born 1896) • December – Al. T. Stamatiad, Romanian poet (born 1885) ==Awards==
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