English Canada English-speaking Canadians have traditionally used the same keyboard layout as in the United States, unless they are in a position where they have to write French on a regular basis. French-speaking Canadians respectively have favoured the Canadian French (CFR) and the Canadian French ACNOR (CFA) keyboard layouts (see
below).
United Kingdom and
Ireland (except Mac) keyboard layout The
United Kingdom and
Ireland use a keyboard layout based on the 48-key version defined in the (now withdrawn)
British Standard BS 4822. It is very similar to that of the United States, but has an AltGr key and a larger Enter key, includes £ and € signs and some rarely used
EBCDIC symbols (¬, ¦), and uses different positions for the characters @, ", #, ~, \, and |. The BS 4822:1994 standard did not make any use of the AltGr key and lacked support for any non-ASCII characters other than ¬ and £. It also assigned a key for the non-ASCII character broken bar (¦), but lacks one for the far more commonly used ASCII character vertical bar (|). It also lacked support for various diacritics used in the
Welsh alphabet, and the
Scottish Gaelic alphabet; and also is missing the letter
yogh, ȝ, used very rarely in the
Scots language. Therefore, various manufacturers have modified or extended the BS 4822 standard: • The B00 key (left of Z), shifted, results in vertical bar (|) on some systems (e.g. Windows UK/Ireland keyboard layout and
Linux/
X11 UK/Ireland keyboard layout), rather than the broken bar (¦) assigned by BS 4822 and provided in some systems (e.g.
IBM OS/2 UK166 keyboard layout) • The E00 key (left of 1) with AltGr provides either vertical bar (|) (
OS/2's UK166 keyboard layout,
Linux/
X11 UK keyboard layout) or broken bar (¦) (Windows UK/Ireland keyboard layout) Support for the diacritics needed for Scots Gaelic and Welsh was added to Windows and ChromeOS using a "UK-extended" setting (see
below); Linux and X-Windows systems have an explicit or redesignated
compose key for this purpose.
UK Apple keyboard The British version of the
Apple Keyboard does not use the standard UK layout. Instead, some older versions have the US layout (see below) with a few differences: the sign is reached by and the sign by , the opposite to the US layout. The is also present and is typed with . Umlauts are reached by typing and then the vowel, and ß is reached by typing . Newer Apple "British" keyboards use a physical ISO layout.
United States keyboard layout The arrangement of the character input keys and the
Shift keys contained in this layout is specified in the
US national standard
ANSI-
INCITS 154-1988 (R1999) (formerly ANSI X3.154-1988 (R1999)), where this layout is called "
ASCII keyboard". The complete US keyboard layout, as it is usually found, also contains the usual function keys in accordance with the international standard
ISO/IEC 9995-2, although this is not explicitly required by the US American national standard. US keyboards are used not only in the United States, but also in many other English-speaking jurisdictions (except the UK and Ireland) such as
Canada,
Australia, the
Caribbean nations,
Hong Kong,
Malaysia,
India,
Pakistan,
Bangladesh,
Singapore,
New Zealand, and
South Africa. Local spelling in these regions sometimes conforms more closely to
British English usage, creating the undesirable side effect of also setting the language to US English rather than the local
orthography. This conflict would be fixed in
Windows 8 and later versions when Microsoft separated the keyboard and language settings. US keyboards also see use in Indonesia and the Philippines, the former of which
uses the same 26-letter alphabet as English. The US keyboard layout has a second
Alt key instead of the
AltGr key and does not use any
dead keys; this makes it inefficient for all but a handful of languages. On the other hand, the US keyboard layout (or the similar UK layout) is occasionally used by
programmers in countries where the keys for []{} are located in less convenient positions on the locally customary layout. On some keyboards the
enter key is bigger than traditionally and takes up also a part of the line above, more or less the area of the traditional location of the
backslash key (\). In these cases the backslash is located in alternative places. It can be situated one line above the default location, on the right of the
equals sign key (=). Sometimes it is placed one line below its traditional situation, on the right of the
apostrophe key (') (in these cases the enter key is narrower than usual on the line of its default location). It may also be two lines below its default situation on the right of a narrower than traditionally right
shift key. A variant of this layout is used in Arabic-speaking countries. This variant has the | \ key to the left of Z, ~ ` key where the | \ key is in the usual layout, and the > < key where the ~ ` key is in the usual layout.
Czech The typewriter came to the
Czech-speaking area in the late 19th century, when it was part of
Austria-Hungary where German was the dominant language of administration. Therefore, Czech typewriters have the
QWERTZ layout. However, with the introduction of imported computers, especially since the 1990s, the QWERTY keyboard layout is frequently used for computer keyboards. The Czech QWERTY layout differs from QWERTZ in that the characters (e.g. @$& and others) missing from the Czech keyboard are accessible with AltGr on the same keys where they are located on an
American keyboard. In Czech QWERTZ keyboards the positions of these characters accessed through AltGr differs. Detailed poll made on over 7,500 users showed that 41% use QWERTZ, 18% use Czech QWERTY, 12% use Czech QWERTY Programmers, 15% use US QWERTY and 13% use other keyboard layout.
Danish keyboard layout Both the Danish and
Norwegian keyboards include dedicated keys for the letters
Å/å,
Æ/æ and
Ø/ø, but the placement is a little different, as the and keys are swapped on the Norwegian layout. (The
Finnish–Swedish keyboard is also largely similar to the Norwegian layout, but the and are replaced with and . On some systems, the Danish keyboard may allow typing Ö/ö and Ä/ä by holding the or key while striking and , respectively.) Computers with Windows are commonly sold with ÖØÆ and ÄÆØ printed on the two keys, allowing same computer hardware to be sold in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, with different operating system settings.
Dutch (Netherlands) (
Netherlands) keyboard layout Though it is seldom used (most Dutch keyboards use
US International layout), the Dutch layout uses QWERTY and adds the € sign, the
diaeresis (), the German (), the
pilcrow (), the (US)
cent sign (), the Greek letter μ (for the
micro- sign), the
braces ({{char|{ })}} and the
guillemet quotation marks (), as well as having different locations for some other symbols. An older version contained a single-stroke key for the Dutch digraph
ij, which is usually typed by the combination of and . In the 1990s, there was a version with the now-obsolete
florin sign () for PCs. See also below.
Estonian keyboard layout The keyboard layout used in
Estonia is virtually the same as the
Swedish layout. The main difference is that the and keys (to the right of ) are replaced with and respectively (the latter letter being the most distinguishing feature of the
Estonian alphabet). Some special symbols and
dead keys are also moved around.
Faroese keyboard layout The same as the Danish layout with added (
Eth), since the
Faroe Islands are a self-governed part of the
Kingdom of Denmark.
French (Canada) keyboard layout. |444x444px The Canadian French (CFR) keyboard layout is commonly used in Canada by
French-speaking Canadians. It is the most common layout for
laptops and stand-alone keyboards aimed at the
Francophone market. Unlike the AZERTY layout used in France and Belgium, it is a QWERTY layout and as such is also relatively commonly used by English speakers in the US and Canada (accustomed to using US standard QWERTY keyboards) for easy access to the accented letters found in some French
loanwords. It can be used to type all accented French characters, as well as some from other languages, and serves all English functions as well. It is popular mainly because of its close similarity to the basic US keyboard commonly used by English-speaking Canadians and Americans, historical use of US-made typewriters by French-Canadians. The right Alt key is reconfigured as an
AltGr key that gives easy access to a further range of characters (marked in blue and red on the keyboard image. Blue indicates an alternative character that will display as typed. Red indicates a
dead key: the diacritic will be applied to the next vowel typed.) The traditional Canadian French keyboard from IBM must use an ISO keyboard. The French guillemets located on the extra key are needed to type proper French, they are not optional. A dvorak version (traditional Canadian French layout) is also supported by Microsoft Windows. In this keyboard, the key names are translated to French: • is or (short for
Fixer/
Verrouiller Majuscule, meaning
Lock Uppercase). • is . • is . keyboard has significantly more symbols and pictograms. This layout allow to type at least in English, French and 12 other foreign languages. The "hybrid" keyboard layout, often referred incorrectly as "canadian multilingual" or "bilingual" is a mix between the US English and the Canadian French layout over an ISO keyboard. This layout has been developed by manufacturers as a cost saving strategy first for their low end laptops. They tend to be extended to the mid-range laptops in the recent years and sold wrongly as a "French" keyboard. Today, this layout seems to be criticized by both anglophones and francophones. The anglophones accustomed to the ANSI keyboard complain about the small ISO shift on left and francophones can find these legends hard to read and messy. In this keyboard, the key names are translated in both French and English. This keyboard can be nevertheless useful for programming. In 1988, the Quebec government has developed a new keyboard layout, using proper keys for ,,,,, standardized by the CSA Group and adopted also by the federal government. This layout is known as Canadian French (Legacy) today on Windows and is considered to be the ancestor to the actual Canadian Multilingual Standard. The CMS on Windows and Linux is based on the CAN/CSA Z243.200-92 standard (launched in 1992 by the CSA Group, revised in 2021). Apple use a layout based mostly on the standardized CSA keyboard from 1992 too, called Canadian French ― CSA. The CMS is one of the few layouts allowing to type the ligature
œ/Œ, common in French. The integral version use pictograms based on the
ISO 9995-7 standard. Unlike the traditional Canadian French keyboard developed by IBM, the CSA Keyboard is also standardized on both ISO and ANSI keyboard. The French guillemets on the CSA keyboard are located on the level 3 with the and keys. The Ù on the extra key can be replaced by a combination of + (dead key left from ) then or +. The ISO version still nevertheless needed by the Quebec government, following their higher standard named SGQRI-001. The Quebec CSA keyboard is also named Canadian French ACNOR (CFA) or Canadian International Bilingual.
Greek keyboard layout • The stress accents, indicated in red, are produced by pressing that key (or shifted key) followed by an appropriate vowel. • Use of the "AltGr" key may produce the characters shown in blue.
German Germany, Austria, Switzerland, The Czech Republic, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and former Yugoslav countries use
QWERTZ layouts, where the letter Z is to the right of T (and the Y is to the left of the X).
Icelandic keyboard layout The Icelandic keyboard layout is different from the standard QWERTY keyboard because the Icelandic alphabet has some special letters, most of which it shares with the other Nordic countries: Þ/þ, Ð/ð, Æ/æ, and Ö/ö. (Æ/æ also occurs in Norwegian, Danish and Faroese, Ð/ð in Faroese, and Ö/ö in Swedish, Finnish and Estonian. In Norwegian Ö/ö could be substituted for Ø/ø which is the same sound/letter and is widely understood). The letters Á/á, Ý/ý, Ú/ú, Í/í, Ó/ó and É/é are produced by first pressing the
dead key and then the corresponding letter. The Nordic letters Å/å and Ä/ä can be produced by first pressing , located below the key, and (for ¨) which also works for the non-Nordic ÿ, Ü/ü, Ï/ï, and Ë/ë. These letters are not used natively in Icelandic, but may have been implemented for ease of communication in other Nordic languages. Additional diacritics may be found behind the key: for ˋ (grave accent) and for ˆ (circumflex).
Irish layout Windows includes an Irish layout which supports acute accents with for the
Irish language and grave accents with the
dead key for
Scottish Gaelic. The other
Insular Celtic languages have their own layout. The UK or UK-Extended layout is also frequently used.
Italian keyboard layout The
Italian keyboard layout is the keyboard layout commonly used on computers in
Italy. It is
QWERTY-based and follows the
ISO/IEC 9995 standard. Italian-speaking people in Switzerland on the contrary use the Swiss QWERTZ keyboard with Swiss Italian layout. The Italian keyboard layout on
Microsoft Windows lacks the uppercase letters with accents that are used in Italian language: À, È, É, Ì, Ò, and Ù. As such diacritics are normally used only on word-final vowels, this deficiency is usually overcome by using normal capital letters followed by
apostrophe ('), e.g. E' instead of È, although this practice is disparaged by language purists. Anyhow, most of modern
word processors and text editors include
autocorrection tools that change automatically the apostrophe into the correct accent when Italian language check is enabled. On the contrary, this issue is not present under
Linux, where the capital letters with accent are available by just enabling
Caps Lock and pressing the corresponding lowercase accented letter. Despite the lack of uppercase accented vowels, the Italian layout has no
dead keys. Some of the keys are usually labeled in Italian, although Italian keyboards with English labels are available as well. Keys
Alt,
Alt Gr,
Ctrl,
Ins and
Tab do not change, while the following labels are in Italian language: Italian keyboard layout on Windows also does not include all
ASCII characters, as it lacks the
backtick (`) and
tilde (~). On Linux, they can be typed by pressing ++ and ++ respectively. Moreover, the layout includes the lowercase letter C with cedilla (
ç) which is not used in the Italian language.
Old QZERTY layout In the past, Italian typewriters and early personal computers used the
QZERTY layout with some differences with respect to the current QWERTY layout: • and are swapped; • is moved from the right of to the right of ; • number keys are shifted.
Apple also supported QZERTY layout in its early Italian keyboards as well as in the
iPod Touch.
Latvian Although rarely used, a keyboard layout specifically designed for the Latvian language called ŪGJRMV exists. The Latvian QWERTY keyboard layout is most commonly used; its layout is the same as the United States one, special characters (āčēģīķļņōŗšūž) can be entered by pressing AltGr and basic letter (like in Polish and Romanian programmers layouts) or dead key. The most common dead key is the apostrophe ('), which is followed by Alt+Gr (Windows default for Latvian layout). Some prefer using the tick (`).
Lithuanian Where in standard QWERTY the number row is located, you find in Lithuanian QWERTY: Ą, Č, Ę, Ė, Į, Š, Ų, Ū, Ž, instead of their counterparts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, =. If you still want to use the numbers of the mentioned 'number row', you can create them in combination with the -key. Aside from these changes the keyboard is standard QWERTY. Besides QWERTY, the
ĄŽERTY layout without the adjustment of the number row is used.
Maltese The
Maltese language uses Unicode (UTF-8) to display the Maltese diacritics: ċ Ċ; ġ Ġ; ħ Ħ; ż Ż (together with à À; è È; ì Ì; ò Ò; ù Ù). There are two standard keyboard layouts for Maltese , according to "MSA 100:2002 Maltese Keyboard Standard"; one of 47 keys and one of 48 keys. The 48-key layout is the most popular.
Norwegian keyboard layout The
Norwegian languages use the same letters as
Danish, but the Norwegian keyboard differs from the Danish layout regarding the placement of the , and (
backslash) keys. On the
Danish keyboard, the and are swapped. The
Swedish keyboard is also similar to the Norwegian layout, but and are replaced with and . On some systems, the Norwegian keyboard may allow typing Ö/ö and Ä/ä by holding the or key while striking and , respectively. There is also an alternative keyboard layout called
Norwegian with Sámi, which allows for easier input of the characters required to write various
Sámi languages. All the Sámi characters are accessed through the key. On
Macintosh computers, the
Norwegian and
Norwegian extended keyboard layouts have a slightly different placement for some of the symbols obtained with the help of the or keys. Notably, the
$ sign is accessed with and
¢ with . Furthermore, the frequently used
@ is placed between and .
Polish as
Polish (214)) Most typewriters use a QWERTZ keyboard with
Polish letters (with diacritical marks) accessed directly (officially approved as "Typist's keyboard", , Polish Standard PN-87), which is mainly ignored in Poland as impractical (custom-made keyboards, e.g., those in the public sector as well as some Apple computers, present an exception to this paradigm); the "Polish programmer's" () layout has become the
de facto standard, used on virtually all computers sold on the Polish market. Most computer keyboards in Poland are laid out according to the
standard US visual and functional layout. Polish diacritics are accessed by using the
AltGr key with a corresponding similar letter from the base Latin alphabet. Normal capitalization rules apply with respect to
Shift and
Caps Lock keys. For example, to enter "Ź", one can type
Shift+AltGr+X with
Caps Lock off, or turn on
Caps Lock and type
AltGr+X. Both ANSI and ISO mechanical layouts are common sights, and even some non-standard mechanical layouts are in use. ANSI is often preferred, as the additional key provides no additional function, at least in
Microsoft Windows where it duplicates the backslash key, while taking space from the Shift key. Many keyboards do not label
AltGr as such, leaving the
Alt marking as in the US layout – the right
Alt key nevertheless functions as
AltGr in this layout, causing possible confusion when
keyboard shortcuts with the
Alt key are required (these usually work only with the left
Alt) and causing the key to be commonly referred to as
right Alt (). However, keyboards with
AltGr marking are available and it is also officially used by Microsoft when depicting the layout. Also, on
MS Windows, the tilde character "~" (
Shift+
`) acts as a
dead key to type Polish letters (with diacritical marks) thus, to obtain an "Ł", one may press
Shift+
` followed by
L. The tilde character is obtained with (
Shift+
`) then
space. In
X11 and
Wayland-based environments (commonly used on
Linux-based operating systems), the euro symbol is typically mapped to Alt+5 instead of Alt+U, the tilde acts as a regular key, and several accented letters from other European languages are accessible through combinations with left Alt. Polish letters are also accessible by using the
compose key. Software keyboards on touchscreen devices usually make the Polish diacritics available as one of the alternatives which show up after long-pressing the corresponding Latin letter. However, modern
predictive text and
autocorrection algorithms largely mitigate the need to type them directly on such devices.
Portuguese Brazil (Brazil) keyboard layout The Brazilian computer keyboard layout is specified in the
ABNT NBR 10346 variant 2 (alphanumeric portion) and 10347 (numeric portion) standards. Essentially, the Brazilian keyboard contains dead keys for five variants of diacritics in use in the language; the letter Ç, the only application of the
cedilha in Portuguese, has its own key. In some keyboard layouts the + combination produces the ₢ character (
Unicode 0x20A2), symbol for the old currency
cruzeiro, a symbol that is not used in practice (the common abbreviation in the eighties and nineties used to be Cr$). The
cent sign ¢, is accessible via +, but is not commonly used for the
centavo, subunit of previous currencies as well as the current
real, which itself is represented by R$. The Euro sign € is not standardized in this layout. The masculine and feminine
ordinals ª and º are accessible via combinations. The
section sign § (Unicode U+00A7), in Portuguese called
parágrafo, is nowadays practically only used to denote sections of laws. Variant 2 of the Brazilian keyboard, the only which gained general acceptance (MS Windows treats both variants as the same layout), has a unique
mechanical layout, combining some features of the
ISO 9995-3 and the
JIS keyboards in order to fit 12 keys between the left and right Shift (compared to the American standard of 10 and the international of 11). Its modern,
IBM PS/2-based variations, are thus known as 107-keys keyboards, and the original PS/2 variation was 104-key. Variant 1, never widely adopted, was based on the ISO 9995-2 keyboards. To make this layout usable with keyboards with only 11 keys in the last row, the rightmost key (/?°) has its functions replicated across the +, +, and + combinations.
Portugal (Portugal) keyboard layout Essentially, the Portuguese keyboard contains dead keys for five variants of diacritics; the letter Ç, the only application of the
cedilha in Portuguese, has its own key, but there is also a dedicated key for the
ordinal indicators and a dedicated key for
quotation marks. The + combination for producing the
euro sign € (
Unicode 0x20AC) has become standard. On some QWERTY keyboards the key labels are translated, but the majority are labelled in English. During the 20th century, a different keyboard layout,
HCESAR, was in widespread use in
Portugal.
Romanian keyboard layout The current Romanian National Standard SR 13392:2004 establishes two layouts for
Romanian keyboards: a "primary" one and a "secondary" one. The "primary" layout is intended for traditional users who have learned how to type with older, Microsoft-style implementations of the Romanian keyboard. The "secondary" layout is mainly used by programmers as it does not contradict the physical arrangement of keys on a US-style keyboard. The "secondary" arrangement is used as the default Romanian layout by
Linux distributions, as defined in the "X Keyboard Configuration Database". There are four
Romanian-specific characters that are incorrectly implemented in versions of
Microsoft Windows before
Vista: •
Ș (U+0218, S with comma), incorrectly implemented as
Ş (U+015E, S with cedilla) •
ș (U+0219, s with comma), incorrectly implemented as
ş (U+015F, s with cedilla) •
Ț (U+021A, T with comma), incorrectly implemented as
Ţ (U+0162, T with cedilla) •
ț (U+021B, t with comma), incorrectly implemented as
ţ (U+0163, t with cedilla) The cedilla-versions of the characters do not exist in the Romanian language (they came to be used due to a historic bug). The UCS now says that encoding this was a mistake because it messed up Romanian data and the letters with cedilla and the letters with comma are the same letter with a different style. Since Romanian hardware keyboards are not widely available, Cristian Secară has created a driver that allows Romanian characters to be generated with a US-style keyboard in all versions of Windows prior to Vista through the use of the AltGr key modifier. Windows Vista and newer versions include the correct diacritical signs in the default Romanian Keyboard layout. This layout has the Z and Y keys mapped like in English layouts and also includes characters like the 'at' (@) and dollar ($) signs, among others. The older cedilla-version layout is still included albeit as the 'Legacy' layout.
Slovak QWERTY/Z keyboard layout In
Slovakia, similarly to the Czech Republic, both QWERTZ and QWERTY keyboard layouts are used.
QWERTZ is the default keyboard layout for
Slovak in Microsoft Windows.
Spanish Spain keyboard layout The Spanish keyboard layout is used to write in
Spanish and in other languages of Spain such as
Catalan,
Basque,
Galician,
Aragonese,
Asturian and
Occitan. It includes
Ñ for Spanish, Asturian and Galician, the
acute accent, the
diaeresis, the
inverted question and exclamation marks (¿, ¡), the superscripted o and a (º, ª) for writing abbreviated
ordinal numbers in masculine and feminine in Spanish and Galician, and finally, some characters required only for typing Catalan and Occitan, namely
Ç, the
grave accent and the
interpunct ('
/ ', used in
l·l; located at Shift-3). It can also be used to write other international characters, such as those using a
circumflex accent (used in French and Portuguese among others), which are available as
dead keys. However, it lacks two characters used in Asturian:
Ḥ and
Ḷ (historically, general support for these two has been poor – they are not present in the
ISO 8859-1 character encoding standard, or any other
ISO/IEC 8859 standard). Several alternative distributions, based on this one or created from scratch, have been created to address this issue (see the
Other original layouts and layout design software section for more information). On most keyboards, € is marked as Alt Gr + E and not Alt Gr + 5 as shown in the image. However, in some keyboards, € is found marked twice. Spanish keyboards are usually labelled in Spanish instead of English, its abbreviations being: On some keyboards, the c-cedilla key (Ç) is located one or two lines above, rather than on the right of, the acute accent key (´). In some cases it is placed on the right of the plus sign key (+), while in other keyboards it is situated on the right of the inverted exclamation mark key (¡).
Latin America, officially known as Spanish Latinamerican sort keyboard layout The Latin American
Spanish keyboard layout is used throughout
Mexico,
Central and
South America. Before its design, Latin American vendors had been selling the Spanish (Spain) layout as default; this is still being the case, with both keyboard layouts being sold simultaneously all over the region. Its most obvious difference from the Spanish (Spain) layout is the lack of a
Ç key. While it has the
tilde (~), it is not a dead key on Windows (available on Linux as an option to be enabled). It also has the circunflex (^) and the grave accent (`) available as tertiary position characters on and while in the Spanish Spain layout the grave has its own key and the diaeresis can be typed using as a secondary position character. This is not a problem when writing in Spanish but it generates issues when trying to type in other languages such as French or Portuguese, due to the inhability to produce the Ç or the unfavourable position of the other dead keys. This is specially true either for countries with large commercial ties to
Brazil (
Argentina,
Paraguay and
Uruguay) or for language learners and translators. Apart from that, the € sign is nonexistent on this layout. It has to be typed from the numeric pad using an altcode or copied and pasted from other websites. The Latin American layout, although similar to the Spanish Spain layout, has some peculiarities: the is placed next to the , while in the Spanish Spain layout it is located next to the . Meanwhile, the @ sign (done by pressing in the Spain layout) is instead produced by pressing . These two features generate a lot of confusion on many users as many machines use a different keyboard layout that the one set as default on the system: one may encounter a computer with the Spanish Spain layout set up as default but also having the Latin American keyboard physically, or the other way around. Thus, it is very common for people to hit the wrong dead key or be unable to produce a character as shown on the layout because these two keyboards are available side by side to the public, so users generally struggle from the transition of i.e. using the Latin American distribution at home while employing the Spanish Spain layout at work or school or vice versa. In this layout, key names are translated: "Caps Lock" is rendered as "Bloq Mayús", "Enter" appears as either "Intro" or "Entrar" depending on the vendor, "Page up" and "page down" appear as "re pág" and "av pag", respectively; "shift" is translated as "mayús", and "backspace" is "retroceso".
Swedish Windows keyboard layout The central characteristics of the
Swedish keyboard are the three additional letters
Å/å,
Ä/ä, and
Ö/ö. The same visual layout is also in use in
Finland and
Estonia, as the letters Ä/ä and Ö/ö are shared with the
Swedish language, and even Å/å is needed by
Swedish-speaking Finns. However, the
Finnish multilingual adds new letters and punctuation to the functional layout. The
Norwegian keyboard largely resembles the Swedish layout, but the and are replaced with and . The
Danish keyboard is also similar, but it has the and swapped. On some systems, the Swedish or Finnish keyboard may allow typing Ø/ø and Æ/æ by holding the or key while striking and , respectively. The
Swedish with Sámi keyboard allows typing not only and , but even the letters required to write various
Sámi languages. This keyboard has the same function for all the keys engraved on the regular Swedish keyboard, and the additional letters are available through the key. On
Macintosh computers, the
Swedish and
Swedish Pro keyboards differ somewhat from the image shown above, especially as regards the characters available using the or keys. (on the upper row) produces the sign, and produces the sign. The digit keys produce with and {{char|¡"¥¢‰¶\{}≠}} with . On
Linux systems, the Swedish keyboard may also give access to additional characters as follows: • first row: {{char|¶¡@£$€¥{[]}\±}} and • second row: and • third row: and • fourth row: and Several of these characters function as
dead keys.
Turkish Q-keyboard layout As of 2022, the majority of Turkish keyboards are based on QWERTY (the so-called Q-keyboard layout), although there is also the older
Turkish F-keyboard layout specifically designed for the language.
Vietnamese The
Vietnamese keyboard layout is an extended Latin QWERTY layout. The letters Ă, Â, Ê, and Ô are found on what would be the number keys – on the US English keyboard, with – producing the tonal marks (
grave accent,
hook,
tilde,
acute accent and
dot below, in that order), producing Đ, producing the
đồng sign (₫) when not shifted, and brackets () producing Ư and Ơ. == Multilingual variants ==