Artiodactyla Artiodactyl research • Revision of the systematics of the camelids belonging to the genera
Gentilicamelus and
Nothokemas is published by Marriott,
Prothero & Beatty (2022). • A study on the diet and habitat of specimens of
Camelops hesternus,
Hemiauchenia macrocephala and
H. gracilis from two Pleistocene sites in west-central
Mexico is published by Marín-Leyva
et al. (2022). • A study on the diet of
Hemiauchenia paradoxa,
guanaco and
vicuña from the Pleistocene of southern
Brazil is published by Carrasco
et al. (2022). • Description of camel remains from the
Tsagaan Agui Cave and the Tugrug Shireet open-air site (
Mongolia), including fossil material of
Camelus knoblochi, is published by Klementiev
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as evidence of survival of
C. knoblochi in the
Gobi Desert until the
Last Glacial Maximum. • New fossil material of Miocene
suids is described from the Siwaliks of
Pakistan by Raza
et al. (2022), providing new information on the diversification and evolution of suids from this area. • A study on the relationship between functional occlusal traits, dental wear and increase in crown length in the
third molars of Pliocene and Pleistocene African suids, aiming to determine the evolutionary trends of the functional occlusal traits in these suids in the context of their dietary ecology and potential selective pressures, is published by Yang
et al. (2022). • A study on the evolutionary history of
ruminants, as inferred from their inner ear morphology, is published by Mennecart
et al. (2022). • Redescription of the first complete skull of
Dorcatherium naui from the Miocene locality of Eppelsheim, comparing it with two new skulls from the late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (
Germany), is published by Hartung &
Böhme (2022), who interpret the studied fossils as indicative of significant sexual dimorphism on cranial features in
D. naui. • Review of the large-sized members of the genus
Palaeotragus from the
Vallesian of northern
Greece, and a systematic revision of large-sized Late Miocene Eurasian members of the genus
Palaeotragus, is published by Laskos & Kostopoulos (2022). • Ríos
et al. (2022) describe a new partial skull of
Decennatherium rex from the Miocene site
Batallones-10 (Madrid Basin,
Spain), providing new information on the variability of the cranial appendages in this species. • New fossil material of a member of the genus
Acteocemas belonging or related to the species
A. infans, providing evidence that protoantlers of
Acteocemas were able to be cast and re-grown (but also indicating that the lifespan of these protoantlers could be longer than that of antlers of modern deer, preventing them from assuming a similar cycle), is described from the Miocene site of Sant Andreu de la Barca (
Spain) by Azanza
et al. (2022). • A study on the biogeographic history of deer belonging to the subfamilies
Cervinae and
Capreolinae is published by Croitor (2022). • New antler remains are described from the Upper Siwaliks in
Pakistan by Croitor
et al. (2022), who interpret the antler material as indicative of the presence of six cervid forms in the Upper Siwaliks, including the earliest paleontological record of the lineage of
Panolia reported to date. • A study on the histology of ribs of
Candiacervus, and on its implications for the knowledge of the longevity of this deer, is published by Miszkiewicz & Van Der Geer (2022). • A study aiming to reconstruct the body mass of the individual species belonging to the genus
Candiacervus is published by Besiou
et al. (2022). • A study on the mechanical performances of the mandible of
Sinomegaceros pachyosteus is published by Fu
et al. (2022), who interpret this cervid as a likely grazer with a diet similar to those of horses or buffaloes. • Evidence from the strontium isotope analysis of the tooth enamel of the
Irish elk, interpreted as consistent with the presence of seasonal mobility in the specimen from Ballybetagh (Dublin,
Ireland), is presented by Douw
et al. (2022), who argue that the mobility of the Ballybetagh specimen might have been a response to the climatic deterioration of the
Younger Dryas. • A study on the evolutionary history of the Siberian roe deer, as indicated by data from four ancient mitochondrial genomes generated from roe deer fossil specimens from northeastern China, is published by Deng
et al. (2022). • A study on the evolutionary history of red deer in northern China, based on data from mitochondrial genomes of extant and late Pleistocene deer, is published by Xiao
et al. (2022). • Exceptionally preserved fossil material of
"Pseudodama" nestii, providing new information on the anatomy and affinities of this cervid, is described from the Early Pleistocene locality of Pantalla (
Italy) by Cherin
et al. (2022), who report evidence of anomalies in two male crania from the sample from Pantalla interpreted as likely result of different traumas during the life of these individuals, and interpret the age and sex structure of the population from this site as likely indicating that the Pantalla deer died during or immediately after the rutting season. • Description of new fossil material of
Qurliqnoria cheni from the northern Tibetan Plateau, providing new information on the anatomy of this bovid, is published by Tseng
et al. (2022), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the evolution of the
Tibetan antelope. • Redescription of
Qurliqnoria hundesiensis, based on reexamination of the
holotype and data from new fossil material, is published by
Wang, Li & Tseng (2022), who consider it unlikely that the Pliocene
Qurliqnoria was a direct ancestor of the
Tibetan antelope. • Vislobokova (2022) describes caprine fossil material from the Lower Pleistocene deposits of the Taurida Cave (
Crimea), interpreted as fossil material of
Soergelia minor and representing the first evidence of the presence of the genus
Soergelia in Eastern Europe. • Neto de Carvalho
et al. (2022) describe large artiodactyl tracks from early Late Pleistocene sites in southwestern
Spain, name a new ichnotaxon
Bovinichnus uripeda, and interpret the studied tracks as produced by the
aurochs, providing evidence of recurrent use of the coastal habitat by these bovids. • The first complete skull of
Bothriogenys fraasi from the Oligocene deposits of the Fayum Depression (
Egypt) is described by Sileem & Abu El-Kheir (2022). • A relatively complete cranium and mandible of
Brachyodus onoideus, providing new information on the anatomy of this anthracothere, is described by Pickford & MacLaren (2022). • Review of the systematics of the American anthracotheres is published by Prothero, Marriott & Welsh (2022). • A study on the dental microwear and likely diet of
Anthracotherium and
Entelodon is published by Rivals
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that
Entelodon had an omnivorous diet similar to that of the extant wild boar, while
Anthracotherium was an opportunistic herbivore, with different individuals recovered as browsers, frugivores and grazers. • A study comparing changes in the skull anatomy during the
ontogeny in
Hippopotamus gorgops and extant
hippopotamus, based on data from the skull of a juvenile specimen of
H. gorgops from the Early Pleistocene site of Buia (
Eritrea), is published by Martínez-Navarro
et al. (2022). • A study on the functional morphology of the hindlimbs of the
Cyprus dwarf hippopotamus is published by Georgitsis
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicative of specialized locomotion of this hippopotamus, resulting from modifications to its limbs influenced by the mountainous island environment and the body size reduction. • A study aiming to reconstruct the drivers of shape variation, morphological diversity and evolutionary rate in the cetacean cranium throughout their evolutionary history is published by Coombs
et al. (2022). • A study on palates of living and fossil cetaceans and living terrestrial artiodactyls is published by Peredo,
Pyenson & Uhem (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that the presence of lateral palatal foramina alone cannot be used to infer the presence of baleen in mysticetes; their conclusions were subsequently contested by Ekdale
et al. (2024) and the 2022 article was retracted in 2025. • A study aiming to quantify light-activation metrics in
rhodopsin pigments of cetaceans throughout their evolutionary history is published by Dungan & Chang (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that some of the first fully aquatic cetaceans could dive into the
mesopelagic zone, and that this behavior arose before the divergence of toothed and baleen whales. • A study on the evolution of the skull in
mosasaurids and early cetaceans during the first 20 million years of their evolutionary histories, testing for possible instances of
ecomorphological convergence in the skulls and teeth between the groups, is published by Bennion
et al. (2022). • Chakraborty & Sengupta (2022) describe a nearly complete skull of
Remingtonocetus harudiensis from the Eocene
Harudi Formation (
India), representing the largest skull of
Remingtonocetus discovered to date, and providing new information on the skull morphology of this cetacean. • Fossil material of a
basilosaurid cetacean is described from the Eocene Beloglinskaya Formation (
Krasnodar Krai,
Russia) by Tarasenko (2022), representing the first record of a basilosaurid in the studied region. • Redescription and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of
Kekenodon onamata is published by Corrie & Fordyce (2022). • A diverse assemblage of fossil cetaceans, preserving fossil of taxa which are characteristic of or unique to Oligocene deposits as well as taxa more typical of early or middle Miocene deposits, is described from the Oligocene-Miocene
Belgrade Formation (
North Carolina, United States) by Boessenecker (2022). • A specimen of
Xiphiacetus cristatus is described from the Miocene of
Austria by Lambert
et al. (2022), representing the first record of this species outside the North Atlantic proper, and the first unequivocal record of
eurhinodelphinids from the
Paratethys; Lambert
et al. also study the anatomy of the bony labyrinth of
X. cristatus, and interpret it as indicating that eurhinodelphinids likely employed narrow-band high-frequency echolocation. • Description of a new specimen of an archaic dolphin (belonging or related to the species
Prosqualodon davidis) from the Miocene Gee Greensand (
New Zealand), and a study on the implications of this specimen for the knowledge of the evolution of the brain of toothed whales, is published by Tanaka, Ortega & Fordyce (2022). • A study on the anatomy and phylogenetic affinities of
Notocetus vanbenedeni is published by Viglino
et al. (2022). • Reappraisal of the systematics, phylogeny and feeding behavior of
Orcinus citoniensis is published by Citron
et al. (2022), who confirm the assignment of this species to the genus
Orcinus. • A study on tooth marks on
physeteroid bones from the Miocene
Pisco Formation (
Peru) is published by Benites-Palomino
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that Miocene
sharks were actively targeting the foreheads of physeteroids to feed on their lipid-rich nasal complexes, with the shape and distribution of the bite marks suggesting a series of consecutive scavenging events by members of different shark species. • Revision of the Miocene cetacean assemblage from the Swiss
Upper Marine Molasse is published by Aguirre-Fernández, Jost & Hilfiker (2022), who report hitherto unknown
kentriodontid and
squalodelphinid fossils from this assemblage. • The second specimen of
Casatia thermophila, providing new information on the anatomy of this
monodontid, is described from the Pliocene locality of Arcille (
Italy) by Merella
et al. (2022). • Review of the fundamental morphological transformations that occurred at the origin stage of the baleen whales is published by Bisconti & Carnevale (2022). • A study on the evolution of the feeding strategies of members of the baleen whale clade
Chaeomysticeti, as inferred from rostral morphologies of extant and fossil taxa, is published by Tanaka (2022), who argues that the feeding strategy of the earliest chaeomysticetes could be more similar to lunge feeding than to skim feeding, and that
balaenids and the
pygmy right whale shifted to skim feeding independently. • Bisconti
et al. (2022) describe a periotic of a
basal rorqual from the Miocene (
Tortonian) of
Italy, argued to belong to an individual was longer than all the other contemporaneous rorquals, and interpreted as indicative of the early evolution of large body size in this family. • A study on the evolution of feeding structures of baleen whales across the teeth-to-baleen transition is published by Gatesy
et al. (2022), who name a new clade
Kinetomenta containing the groups
Aetiocetidae and
Chaeomysticeti.
Carnivorans Carnivoran research • A study on the fossils of carnivorans from the Miocene (
Messinian) of Cava Monticino (
Italy), including fossil material of
Eucyon monticinensis representing one of the oldest, certain records of the genus
Eucyon in the Old World and fossil material of
Mellivora benfieldi representing the northernmost record of the species and the only certain record of the genus
Mellivora outside of Africa, is published by Bartolini-Lucenti, Madurell-Malapeira & Rook (2022). • Revision of the carnivoran fauna from Libakos in the Pliocene-Pleistocene Grevena–Neapolis Basin (
Greece), including the first record of the mustelid
Pannonictis nestii from Greece, and a study on the age of this fauna is published by Koufos & Tamvakis (2022). • Descriptions of fossil material of carnivorans from the Early Pleistocene site of Palan-Tyukan (
Azerbaijan), including, among others, some of the latest records of the raccoon dog
Nyctereutes megamastoides and the badger
Meles thorali, the first record of the otter
Lutraeximia cf.
umbra from a Transcaucasian Early Pleistocene site, two species of sabertoothed cats (
Megantereon cf.
cultridens and
Homotherium cf.
crenatidens), and fossil material of
Panthera cf.
gombaszoegensis representing one of the earliest records of the genus
Panthera in all of Eurasia, are published by Sablin & Iltsevich (2022) and Iltsevich & Sablin (2022). • A study on the carnivoran activity in the Pleistocene site of
Barranco León (
Spain), focusing on tooth pits found on bones, is published by Courtenay
et al. (2022), who report that, in addition to
Homotherium latidens and
Pachycrocuta brevirostris, other carnivorans were also active agents in the formation of the site. • A study on the community structure and dynamics of the guilds of European large carnivorans throughout the Pleistocene is published by Konidaris (2022). • A study on the morphology of the ossicles of carnivorans from the
La Brea Tar Pits is published by Dickinson
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that large felids (
Smilodon fatalis, the
American lion) and canids (the
dire wolf) from the La Brea Tar Pits likely had similar hearing abilities as extant large felids and canids, respectively, while the ossicles of
Arctodus simus were substantially different from those of modern bears, potentially indicating differences in their hearing ranges. • Fossil material of
Amphicyon giganteus is described from a
travertine above a layer dated to
MN7/8 in the Karacalar Silver Travertine Quarry (
Gebeceler Formation,
Turkey) by van der Hoek
et al. (2022), representing the youngest record of this species reported to date. • A
humerus of a member of the genus
Borophagus is described from the
Gray Fossil Site (
Tennessee,
United States) by Bōgner & Samuels (2022), representing the first occurrence of the genus in a heavily forested ecosystem. • Description of new fossil material of members of the genus
Nyctereutes from the Dafnero-3 site (
Greece) and previously unpublished specimens from Varshets (
Bulgaria), providing the first known evidence of co-existence of
Nyctereutes tingi and
Nyctereutes megamastoides in Europe, and extending the record of
N. tingi in southeastern Europe until the beginning of the middle
Villafranchian, is published by Tamvakis
et al. (2022). • Description of new fossil material of
Xenocyon lycaonoides from the Jinyuan Cave (China), confirming the presence of this species in eastern Asia during the early Middle Pleistocene, and a study on the affinities of this species is published by Jiangzuo
et al. (2022). • Description of a robust
canid dentary from the
Pliocene Glenns Ferry Formation (
Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument;
Idaho,
United States), and a study on the affinities of this specimen and on the diversity of Pliocene canids from Hagerman, is published by Prassack & Walkup (2022). • Description of a
wolf skull from Ponte Galeria (Rome,
Italy), representing the first reliable occurrence of this taxon in Europe and the largest skull of a Middle Pleistocene canid from Europe known to date, is published by Iurino
et al. (2022), who evaluate the implications of this specimen for the knowledge of the turnover between
Canis mosbachensis and modern wolves. • Diedrich (2022) describes new fossil material of wolves from the Pleistocene of Europe, including a skull from the Srbsko Sluj IV Cave in the Bat Cave system (
Czech Republic), interpreted as representing a new early middle Pleistocene taxon that was ancestral to warm climate grey wolves as well as Tundra and Arctic wolves, and a mid-Pleistocene skull of
Canis mosbachensis/
Canis lupus mosbachensis from the Gernsheim site in the Upper Rhine River Valley (
Germany). • A study on the evolutionary history of grey wolves, based on data from 72 ancient wolf genomes from Europe, Siberia and North America spanning the last 100,000 years, is published by Bergström
et al. (2022), who report that none of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for the domestic dog ancestries found by the authors, that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, but also that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, which might be caused by admixture from local wolves or by an independent domestication process. • A study on the evolutionary history of the
Japanese wolf, based on ancient DNA data from remains of Pleistocene and Holocene specimens, is published by Segawa
et al. (2022). • A study on the functional morphology of the skull of the Pleistocene badger
Meles dimitrius is published by Savvidou
et al. (2022). • Fossil material of a panda possibly belonging to the species
Ailurarctos lufengensis, preserving the earliest
enlarged radial sesamoid (panda's false thumb) reported to date, is described from the late Miocene Shuitangba site (Zhaotong Basin; Yunnan, China) by
Wang et al. (2022). • Hu
et al. (2022) describe new fossil material of
Ailuropoda melanoleuca baconi from Yanjinggou (
China), representing the best-preserved skull material of this subspecies reported to date, and interpret this taxon as a valid subspecies of the
giant panda and the
senior synonym of
Ailuropoda fovealis/
Ailuropoda melanoleuca fovealis. • Fossil material of
Ursus etruscus, expanding knowledge of the morphological diversity and evolution of this species, is described from the Taurida cave (Crimea) by Gimranov
et al. (2022). • A study on the skeletal morphology, affinities and likely paleoecology of small-sized cave bears (originally assigned to the taxon
Ursus savini) from the Imanay Cave (
Russia) is published by Gimranov
et al. (2022). • A study on the microwear of the non-occlusal surface of
incisors of the small cave bear and Ural cave bear from the Pleistocene of the Middle and South Urals, and on its implications for the knowledge of the trophic specialization of these cave bears, is published by Gimranov, Zykov & Kosintsev (2022). • Review of the knowledge of the taxonomy and phylogeny, biology, distribution, occurrence and extinction times, and interaction with humans of large and small cave bears in the Urals is published by Gimranov & Kosintsev (2022). • A study on the upper and lower canines of cave bears from Medvezhiya Cave (
Komi Republic,
Russia), Kizel Cave (
Perm Krai, Russia), Shiriaevo 1 Cave (
Samara Oblast, Russia),
Akhshtyrskaya Cave (
Krasnodar Krai, Russia) and
Kudaro 3 Cave (
South Ossetia), evaluating the implications of these teeth for the knowledge of the ecology of cave bears from these sites, is published by Prilepskaya, Bachura & Baryshnikov (2022). • A study on the evolutionary history and
phylogeography of ancient and modern
brown bears, based on data from mitochondrial genomes of four ancient (~4.5–40 thousand years old) bears from South Siberia and modern bears from South Siberia and the Russian Far East, is published by Molodtseva
et al. (2022). • Review of the historical distribution of ancient polar bear remains across the Arctic is published by Crockford (2022). • A study on the evolutionary history of brown and polar bears, incorporating data from the genome of a Pleistocene polar bear specimen from the Svalbard Archipelago (
Norway), is published by Lan
et al. (2022). • Evidence from paleogenome from an approximately 100,000-year-old polar bear from Arctic
Alaska (United States), indicative of massive prehistoric, and mainly unidirectional, gene flow from polar bears into brown bears which was not visible from genomic data derived from living polar bears, is presented by Wang
et al. (2022). • A study on the diets of
Arctodus simus, brown bears and
American black bears from the Late Pleistocene of the
Vancouver Island (Canada) is published by Kubiak
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicative of niche differentiation between these species. • A study on the anatomy of the hindlimbs and locomotor abilities of
Amphicynodon leptorhynchus is published by Gardin
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicative of
A. leptorhynchus being an agile climber. • A study aiming to determine possible patterns of morphological
convergence in cranial shape between
Kolponomos newportensis and sabretoothed cats is published by Modafferi
et al. (2022). • Fossil remains of a monachine seal are reported from the late Miocene–Pliocene sediments of
Guafo Island (
Chile) by Valenzuela-Toro & Pyenson (2022), extending the geographic range of the fossil record of seals in Chile by 1000 km and representing the southernmost occurrence of a fossil seal from the South Pacific. • New phocine fossil material is described from the Miocene locality of Eldari I (
Georgia) by Vanishvili (2022), who assigns the species
"Phoca" procaspica to the genus
Praepusa. • Fossil material of members of the genus
Palaeogale is described from the Oligocene
John Day Formation (
Oregon,
United States) by Famoso & Orcutt (2022), representing the first known records of this genus from the Pacific Northwest of North America. • A well-preserved skull of
Stenoplesictis minor is described from the Oligocene
Quercy Phosphorites Formation (
France) by de Bonis
et al. (2022), who present a reconstruction of brain endocast, stapes and bony labyrinths of this specimen. • A mandible of the largest specimen belonging to the genus
Pachycrocuta reported to date, with dental morphology similar to that of
Pachycrocuta from
Zhoukoudian, is described from the Middle Pleistocene loess in Luoning (
Henan,
China) by Jiangzuo
et al. (2022). • Review of the fossil record and a revision of the species-level taxonomy of the genus
Crocuta is published by Lewis & Werdelin (2022). • A study on the diets and ecological niches of
cave hyenas from the Prolom 2
grotto (
Crimea) and the Bukhtarminskaya Cave (eastern
Kazakhstan) as well as
Crocuta ultima ussurica from the Geographical Society Cave (
Primorsky Krai,
Russia), based on data from tooth microwear, is published by Rivals
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicative of overall similarity with the known diets of extant
spotted hyenas, as well as indicative of differences between the adults exhibiting a bone crushing behavior, and the juveniles that may have included a larger proportion of meat in their diet. • A study on the biting biomechanics of sabretoothed cats and nimravids is published by Chatar, Fischer & Tseng (2022), who interpret their findings as confirming that carnivorans with long upper canines had a better stress repartition and were adapted to bite at larger angles, but otherwise indicating that the mandibular architectures of sabretooth and non-sabretooth forms reacted similarly in a mechanical efficiency and strain energy framework, and consider this to be suggestive of the presence of a continuous rather than bipolar spectrum of hunting methods in cat-like carnivorans. • A study on the fossil record of members of the genus
Amphimachairodus in the Chinese Baode strata is published by Wang, Carranza-Castañeda & Tseng (2022), who interpret this record as evidence of
anagenetic evolution of increasing size, and study the evolution of members of the genus
Amphimachairodus on the basis of all
Holarctic records. • The best-preserved material of
Nimravides catocopis is described by Jiangzuo, Li & Deng (2022), who argue that
Nimravides was a North American endemic sabertoothed cat rather than an immigrant from Eurasia, that the Old World lineage of sabertoothed cats experienced a higher evolutionary rate of cranial traits, giving rise to a more derived genus
Amphimachairodus, and that
Amphimachairodus did not immediately replace
Nimravides through direct competition after migrating to North America. • Revised reconstruction of the soft tissue and life appearance of
Homotherium latidens is proposed by Antón
et al. (2022). • A complete cranium of
Homotherium, with morphology indicative of assignment to
Homotherium crenatidens teilhardipiveteaui, is described from the Shigou locality in the
Nihewan Basin (China) by Jiangzuo, Zhao & Chen (2022), who interpret this finding as indicative of a largely continuous gene flow within Eurasia during the evolution of
Homotherium, and indicating that the subspecies delimitation within the genus
Homotherium should be more chronological than geographical. • Partial mandible of a felid from
Taiwan (probably from the Pleistocene Chi-Ting Formation), originally interpreted as a fossil of a member of the genus
Felis, is reinterpreted as a fossil of a member of the genus
Homotherium by Tsai & Tseng (2022). • A study on feeding damage from
Xenosmilus hodsonae in the large mammalian fauna from the
Irvingtonian paleo-sinkhole
Haile 21A (
Florida,
United States), and on its implications for the knowledge of the carcass processing capabilities of
Xenosmilus and of the sabertooth paleoecology in the Pleistocene, is published by Domínguez-Rodrigo
et al. (2022). • Description of postcranial remains of a large-bodied sabretooth felid from the Lower Pliocene site of Langebaanweg "E" Quarry (
South Africa), interpreted as more similar in morphology and proportions to
Machairodus aphanistus and
Lokotunjailurus emageritus than to
Amphimachairodus giganteus, is published by Rabe,
Chinsamy & Valenciano (2022), who report pathologies in the foot and lumbar spine of the studied specimen interpreted as consistent with severe osteoarthritis, limiting limb mobility of the studied specimen and possibly making its long-term survival dependent on it being a social animal. • New fossil material of a
lynx belonging or related to the species
Lynx issiodorensis is described from the
Villafranchian site of La Puebla de Valverde (Spain) by Cuccu
et al. (2022), who evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the European lynx fossil record. • Description of Late Pleistocene remains of the
Iberian lynx from Avenc del Marge del Moro (
Garraf Massif, Catalonia, Spain) is published by Tura-Poch
et al. (2022). • Description of the fossil material of
Miracinonyx trumani from the Next Door Cave, Rampart Cave and Stanton's Cave (
Grand Canyon;
Arizona, United States), and a study on the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the ecology of
M. trumani, is published by Hodnett
et al. (2022). • Figueirido
et al. (2022) describe the anatomy of the brain of
Miracinonyx trumani, report that the brain of
M. trumani differed from the brain of extant
cheetah, and argue that
Miracinonyx might not have been as specialized as the cheetah in deploying a fast-running pursuit. • Large felid remains assigned to the species
Panthera fossilis are described from the Grotte de la Carrière in Eastern Pyrenees by Prat-Vericat
et al. (2022), who evaluate the implications of these fossils for the knowledge of the paleobiology of
P. fossilis. • Two specimens of
Panthera spelaea are described from the Middle and Late Pleistocene
Songhua River fossil assemblages (China) by Sherani, Perng & Sherani (2022), representing the first records of this species from the
Mammuthus-
Coelodonta fauna from the Pleistocene assemblages of the Songhua River reported to date. • Review of the fossil record of lions and lion-like felids from
Ukraine is published by Marciszak
et al. (2022), who interpret the studied fossils as confirming the gradual decrease in body size of
Panthera spelaea. • A study on the size and shape differences among lions and Pleistocene lion-like felids from Europe, Asia and North America is published by Sabol, Tomašových & Gullár (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that
Panthera fossilis and
P. spelaea potentially belong to one
chronospecies, while
Panthera atrox differs from other lion forms and could be considered a separate taxon. • A study on the anatomy and affinities of
Panthera gombaszoegensis, based on data from a new skull from
Belgium, is published by Chatar, Michaud & Fischer (2022), who interpret this felid as more closely related to the
tiger than to the
jaguar.
Chiroptera Chiropteran research • A study on the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene bat fossil record along the stratigraphical sequence of El Mirador (Burgos,
Spain), preserving bats belonging to the current Iberian fauna but in an association with no extant equivalent, and providing evidence of high biodiversity among the Iberian Early Holocene bat communities, is published by Galán García
et al. (2022).
Eulipotyphla Eulipotyphlean research • Fossil material of the
erinaceid Galerix rutlandae and a
talpid belonging to the subfamily
Uropsilinae, representing the first known record of these families from the Miocene Siwalik exposures of
India and the first record of an uropsiline from the Indian subcontinent, is described by Parmar, Norboo & Magotra (2022). • Fossil material of
Van Sung's shrew and
Chodsigoa hoffmanni is described from the Pleistocene of the Tham Hai cave and Lang Trang cave (Vietnam) by Lopatin (2022), representing the first fossil records of these species and the first fossil remains of members of the genus
Chodsigoa found outside China.
Perissodactyla Perissodactyl research • Revision of odd-toed ungulate taxa from the Eocene Lijiang Formation (China) is published by Bai (2022), who interprets
Rhodopagus yunnanensis as a
junior synonym of the
palaeothere species
Lijiangia zhangi, considers
Lunania to be a palaeothere rather than a
chalicothere, interprets
Lophiohippus as a likely junior synonym of
Lunania, and transfers
Teleolophus xiangshanensis to the
deperetellid genus
Diplolophodon. • A study on the evolutionary variation of shape in hindlimb long bones of members of
Rhinocerotoidea, and on its relationship with mass, size and gracility, is published by Mallet
et al. (2022). • A study on the paleoecology of late Miocene rhinocerotids the Balkan-Iranian zoogeographic province, as inferred from tooth microwear, is published by Hullot
et al. (2022), • A study on the body mass of giant rhinos and its evolution, based on data from a skeleton of a member of the
paracerathere genus
Dzungariotherium from the Qingshuiying Formation (China), is published by Li, Jiangzuo & Deng (2022). • Redescription of the
holotype and a study on the affinities of
Parelasmotherium schansiense is published by Kampouridis
et al. (2022). • Description of new fossil material of
Pliorhinus megarhinus from the early Pliocene of the Vera Basin (
Spain) and a study on the biochronology and biogeography of the Pliocene rhinocerotines from Spain is published by Pandolfi
et al. (2022). • Description of the fossil material of a
woolly rhinoceros from the Middle Pleistocene Les Rameaux locality (
France) is published by Uzunidis, Antoine & Brugal (2022), who refer this material to the subspecies
Coelodonta antiquitatis praecursor, interpret their findings as supporting the identification of
C. a. praecursor and
C. a. antiquitatis as distinct and valid subspecies, refute the taxonomic assignment of the rhinocerotid skull from Bad Frankenhausen skull to the species
Coelodonta tologoijensis, an propose the first comprehensive phylogeny for
Coelodonta. • Review of the Eocene fossil record of equoids from the Iberian Peninsula is published by Badiola
et al. (2022). • New fossil material of
palaeotheriids, including the first known records of upper teeth of
Franzenium durense and first known mandible and lower teeth of
Cantabrotherium, is described from the Eocene (
Bartonian) of Mazaterón (Soria, Almazán Basin,
Spain) by Perales-Gogenola
et al. (2022). • Description of new fossil material of members of the genus
Hippotherium from the Miocene of the Linxia Basin (China), providing new information on the skeletal anatomy of members of this genus, and a study on their locomotor capabilities and adaptations to their environment is published by Sun
et al. (2022). • A study on the systematic affinities and dietary behavior of
Turolian hipparions from the Cioburciu site (Balta Formation;
Moldova) is published by Răţoi
et al. (2022). • A study on the relationship between size and diet in hipparionins from
Vallesian and Turolian circum-Mediterranean localities is published by Orlandi-Oliveras
et al. (2022). • Review of the latest occurrences of the hipparions in the Old World, and a study on the taxonomy of the last hipparions is published by van der Made
et al. (2022). • Fossil material of six taxa of equids is described from the Xinyaozi Ravine (Shanxi, China) by Dong
et al. (2022), who report the presence of two hipparionine taxa interpreted as
Neogene relics in an Early Pleistocene fauna. • Revision of the fossil material of
equids from the Khaprovskii Faunal Complex (
Russia) is published by Eisenmann (2022). • A study on
metapodials of Pleistocene horses from eastern
Beringia is published by Landry, Roloson & Fraser (2022), who report evidence of plasticity in metapodial morphology, indicating that metapodials do not reliably differentiate distinct species of Beringian horses. • Revision of the taxonomy of equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of Apulia (
Italy) and a study on their
biochronology is published by Mecozzi & Strani (2022). • Revision of the fossil material of
Equus stehlini from the
Villafranchian of the Upper Valdarno Basin (Tuscany, Italy) is published by Cirilli (2022). • A study on the phylogenetic affinities of members of the genus
Equus belonging to the subgenus
Sussemionus, timing of their divergence relative to other non-caballine equids, and their demographic trajectory until their extinction, based on data from genomes and radiocarbon dating of specimens of
Equus ovodovi from northern China, is published by Cai
et al. (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that the
Sussemionus lineage survived until ~3,500 years ago. • Systematic revision of tridactyl and monodactyl horses from the Pliocene and Pleistocene, and a study on their evolution and associated paleoenvironments, is published by Cirilli
et al. (2022).
Other laurasiatherians Miscellaneous laurasiatherian research • A study on footprints from the Miocene Vinchina Formation (
Argentina) attributed to early toxodontids and macraucheniids is published by Vera & Krapovickas (2022), who name new ichnotaxa
Macrauchenichnus troyana and
Llastaya yesera, and interpret the
facies of the studied footprint assemblage as indicating that the trackmakers inhabited mixed grassland-woodland ecosystems developed under warm and seasonal climates. • A study on the fossil record of litopterns from the
Cerro Azul Formation in localities of La Pampa and Buenos Aires provinces (
Argentina) is published by Schmidt
et al. (2022), who report the presence of eight taxa of
Macraucheniidae and six of
Proterotheriidae, interpreted as showing affinity with the assemblage from the Late Miocene levels of the Lower Member of the
Ituzaingó Formation in Entre Ríos Province of Argentina. • A study on the anatomy and paleoecology of
Notostylops murinus, based on data from a nearly complete specimen, is published by Vera, Medina-González & Moreno (2022), who interpret their findings as indicating that early-diverging notoungulates
Notostylops and
Notopithecus had different locomotor capabilities, which were likely associated with early niche diversifications. • New fossil material of Oligocene
typotherian notoungulates is described from the Quebrada Fiera locality (
Argentina) by Hernández Del Pino, Seoane & Cerdeño (2022), providing new information on the anatomy of
"Prohegetotherium" schiaffinoi and completing known ontogenetic sequence of the species
Archaeohyrax suniensis. • Fragment of a mandible of a notoungulate belonging to the group
Interatheriinae is described from the
Messinian to
Zanclean Tunuyán Formation (
Argentina) by Vera & Romano (2022), representing the first record of an interatheriine from this formation and the youngest record of this group reported to date. • Fernández-Monescillo
et al. (2022) identify
Pseudotypotherium pulchrum Ameghino (1904) as the type species of the genus
Pseudotypotherium. • Revision of the Early-Middle Pleistocene mesotheriine notoungulates is published by Fernández-Monescillo
et al. (2022), who interpret the variation among the studied material as consistent with intraspecific and ontogenetic variation in a single species, recognised as
Mesotherium cristatum. • A study on the morphological tooth variation in
Tremacyllus and on its systematic significance is published by Armella
et al. (2022), who recognize
Tremacyllus incipiens as a valid taxon. • A study on carbon and oxygen isotopic values of tooth enamel of
Toxodon platensis from two localities in the Brazilian Intertropical Region is published by Gomes
et al. (2022) who interpret the studied samples as representing the record of at least three years under different climate regimes, and indicating that the feeding behaviour of the studied toxodonts was not significantly influenced by different climatic conditions. • Matsui, Valenzuela-Toro &
Pyenson (2022) describe a
molar of a
desmostylian belonging or related to the species
Neoparadoxia cecilialina, originally collected in 1913 from the Miocene "Topanga" Formation near Corona (Riverside County,
California,
United States) and thus representing the historically oldest
paleoparadoxiid specimen, and providing new information on the morphological variation in teeth of paleoparadoxiids. • A study on the postcranial anatomy and likely locomotion of
Patriofelis ulta, based on data from two partial skeletons, is published by Kort
et al. (2022). • Flink &
Werdelin (2022) reconstruct digital
endocasts of
Quercygale angustidens and
Gustafsonia cognita, and evaluate the implications of their anatomy for the knowledge of the evolution of the brain at the origin of Carnivora. ==Xenarthrans==