October 25

Pre-1600 • 285 or 286 – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. • 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the East Roman Empire. • 1147 – Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum. • 1147 – Reconquista: After a siege of four months, crusader knights conquer Lisbon. • 1415 – Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England, with his lightly armoured infantry and archers, defeats the heavily armoured French cavalry in the Battle of Agincourt. 1601–1900 • 1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast. • 1747 – War of the Austrian Succession: A British fleet under Admiral Edward Hawke defeats the French at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre. • 1760 – King George III succeeds to the British throne on the death of his grandfather George II. • 1809 – Golden Jubilee of George III is celebrated in Britain as he begins the fiftieth year of his reign. • 1812 – War of 1812: The American frigate, , commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate . • 1822 – Greek War of Independence: The First Siege of Missolonghi begins. • 1854 – The Battle of Balaclava takes place during the Crimean War. It is soon memorialized in verse as The Charge of the Light Brigade. • 1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange is created. • 1868 – The Uspenski Cathedral, designed by Aleksey Gornostayev, is inaugurated in Helsinki, Finland. • 1875 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 in B♭ minor, Op. 23 premieres in Boston, Massachusetts, with Benjamin Johnson Lang as conductor and Hans von Bülow as soloist. 1901–present • 1911 – The Xinhai Revolution spreads to Guangzhou, where the Qing general Fengshan is assassinated by the Chinese Assassination Corps. • 1917 – Old Style date of the October Revolution in Russia. • 1920 – After 74 days on hunger strike in Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney dies. • 1924 – The Zinoviev letter, which Zinoviev himself denied writing, is published in the Daily Mail; the Labour party would later blame this letter for the Conservatives' landslide election win four days later. • 1927 – The Italian luxury liner SS Principessa Mafalda sinks off the coast of Brazil, killing 314. • 1932 – George Lansbury became the leader of the opposition British Labour Party. • 1940 – Benjamin O. Davis Sr. is named the first African American general in the United States Army. • 1944 – World War II: Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich. • 1944 – World War II: The under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine ace of the war) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo. • 1944 – World War II: The final attempt of the Imperial Japanese Navy to win the war climaxes at the Battle of Leyte Gulf. • 1945 – Fifty years of Japanese administration of Taiwan formally ends when the Republic of China assumes control. • 1949 – The Battle of Guningtou in the Taiwan Strait begins. • 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: Adlai Stevenson shows the United Nations Security Council reconnaissance photographs of Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba. • 1968 – A Fairchild F-27 crashes into Moose Mountain while on approach to Lebanon Municipal Airport in Lebanon, New Hampshire, killing 32 people. • 1968 – Soyuz 2 is launched. • 1971 – The People's Republic of China replaces the Republic of China at the United Nations. • 1973 – Egypt and Israel accept United Nations Security Council Resolution 339. • 1980 – Proceedings on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction conclude. • 1983 – The United States and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada, six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and several of his supporters are executed in a ''coup d'état''. • 1989 – The first leg of the 1989 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira is held at the Estádio da Luz in Lisbon, Portugal. • 1990 – The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic declares its sovereignty from the Soviet Union. • 1995 – A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students. • 1997 – After a civil war, Denis Sassou Nguesso proclaims himself President of the Republic of the Congo. • 1999 – A Learjet 35 crashes in Mina near Aberdeen, South Dakota, killing all six people on board, including PGA golfer Payne Stewart and golf course designer Bruce Borland. • 2001 – Microsoft releases Windows XP, which becomes one of Microsoft's most successful operating systems. • 2009 – The October 2009 Baghdad bombings kill 155 and wound at least 721. • 2010 – Mount Merapi in Indonesia begins a month-long series of violent eruptions that kill 353 people and cause the evacuation of another 350,000 people. • 2010 – A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes off Indonesia's Mentawai Islands, triggering a tsunami that kills at least 400 people. • 2023 – A mass shooting occurs in two locations in Lewiston, Maine. 18 people are killed and 13 more injured. ==Births==

Pre-1600 • 840 – Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, founder of the Saffarid dynasty (died 879) • 1102 – William Clito, French son of Sybilla of Conversano (died 1128) • 1330 – Louis II, Count of Flanders, (died 1384) • 1453 – Giuliano de' Medici (died 1478) • 1510 – Renée of France (died 1574) • 1574 – François de Sourdis, French Catholic prelate (died 1628) • 1589 – Jan Stanisław Sapieha, Polish-Lithuanian noble (died 1635) 1601–1900 • 1612 – James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, Scottish soldier (died 1650) • 1667 – Louis Frederick I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (died 1718) • 1683 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, English-Irish politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (died 1757) • 1692 – Elisabeth Farnese, Queen of Spain (died 1766) • 1709 – Georg Gebel, German organist and composer (died 1753) • 1714 – James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, Scottish judge (died 1799) • 1736 – Thomas Mullins, 1st Baron Ventry, Anglo-Irish politician and peer (died 1824) • 1743 – Friedrich Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (died 1812) • 1749 – Erik Magnus Staël von Holstein, Swedish chamberlain (died 1802) • 1754 – Richard Howell, 3rd Governor of New Jersey (died 1802) • 1755 – François Joseph Lefebvre, French military commander (died 1820) • 1757 – Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein, Prussian statesman (died 1831) • 1759 – Maria Feodorovna, Russian wife of Paul I of Russia (died 1828) • 1759 – William Grenville, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1834) • 1760 – Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren, German historian (died 1842) • 1767 – Benjamin Constant, Swiss-French philosopher and politician (died 1830) • 1768 – Frederick William, ruler of Nassau-Weilburg (died 1816) • 1772 – Victoire de Donnissan de La Rochejaquelein, French memoirist (died 1857) • 1772 – Géraud Duroc, French general and diplomat (died 1813) • 1779 – Pedro Velarde y Santillán, Spanish artillery captain (died 1808) • 1781 – Friedrich von Berchtold, Bohemian physician and botanist (died 1876) • 1782 – Levi Lincoln Jr., American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1868) • 1789 – Carlos María de Alvear, Argentine soldier and statesman (died 1852) • 1789 – Heinrich Schwabe, German astronomer (died 1875) • 1790 – Robert Stirling, Scottish clergyman and inventor (died 1878) • 1792 – Jeanne Jugan, French nun (died 1879) • 1795 – John P. Kennedy, American novelist and Whig politician (died 1870) • 1800 – Maria Jane Jewsbury, English writer, poet, literary reviewer (died 1833) • 1800 – Thomas Babington Macaulay, English poet, historian, and politician, Secretary at War (died 1859) • 1800 – Jacques Paul Migne, French priest (died 1875) • 1800 – Julius von Mohl, German orientalist (died 1876) • 1802 – Richard Parkes Bonington, English painter (died 1828) • 1802 – Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strongman (died 1864) • 1803 – Maria Doolaeghe, Flemish novelist (died 1884) • 1806 – Max Stirner, German philosopher and author (died 1856) • 1811 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician and theorist (died 1832) • 1814 – Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours (died 1896) • 1815 – Camillo Sivori, Italian virtuoso violinist and composer (died 1894) • 1819 – Christian August Friedrich Garcke, German botanist (died 1904) • 1821 – Antonio Ciseri, Swiss-Italian painter (died 1891) • 1825 – Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer and educator (died 1899) • 1825 – Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt, German astronomer and geophysicist (died 1884) • 1827 – Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician (died 1907) • 1832 – Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia (died 1909) • 1838 – Georges Bizet, French pianist and composer (died 1875) • 1838 – James Maybrick, English cotton merchant, victim of the "Aigburth Poisoning" (died 1889) • 1844 – Philip Wicksteed, English economist (died 1927) • 1848 – Carlo Emery, Italian entomologist (died 1925) • 1848 – Karl Emil Franzos, Austrian novelist (died 1904) • 1852 – Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak, Russian author (died 1912) • 1853 – Karl August Otto Hoffmann, German botanist (died 1909) • 1856 – Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger, Croatian geologist, paleontologist, and archaeologist (died 1936) • 1858 – Take Ionescu, Romanian politician, diplomat, journalist and lawyer (died 1922) • 1864 – John Francis Dodge, American businessman, co-founded the Dodge Company (died 1920) • 1864 – Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian-American pianist and composer (died 1956) • 1864 – Toktogul Satylganov, Kyrgyz Akyn, poet and singer (died 1933) • 1866 – Thomas Armat, American mechanic and inventor (died 1948) • 1866 – Norbert Klein, Bishop of Brno (died 1933) • 1866 – Georg Schumann, German composer (died 1952) • 1867 – Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, Polish general (died 1937) • 1868 – Dan Burke, American baseball player (died 1933) • 1868 – Oskar Kallas, Estonian linguist and diplomat (died 1946) • 1870 – Elsa Reger, German writer (died 1951) • 1874 – Emma Gramatica, Italian actress (died 1965) • 1874 – Victor Sonnemans, Belgian water polo player (died 1962) • 1874 – Huang Xing, Chinese revolutionary leader and statesman (died 1916) • 1875 – Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, American author and educator (died 1961) • 1875 – Arthur Birkett, British cricketer (died 1941) • 1877 – Adolf Moller, German rower (died 1968) • 1877 – Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (died 1957) • 1879 – Fritz Haarmann, German serial killer (died 1925) • 1880 – Bohumír Šmeral, Czech politician (died 1941) • 1881 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (died 1973) • 1882 – John T. Flynn, American journalist and author (died 1964) • 1882 – Tony Jackson, American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 1921) • 1882 – André-Damien-Ferdinand Jullien, French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (died 1964) • 1882 – Theodora Agnes Peck, American author and poet (died 1964) • 1883 – Nikolay Krestinsky, Russian revolutionary and politician (died 1938) • 1884 – Maria Czaplicka, Polish cultural anthropologist (died 1921) • 1885 – Sam M. Lewis, American singer and lyricist (died 1959) • 1885 – Xavier Lesage, French equestrian (died 1968) • 1886 – Leo G. Carroll, English-American actor (died 1972) • 1886 – Karl Polanyi, Austro-Hungarian economist and historian (died 1964) • 1887 – Alexander McCulloch, British rower (died 1951) • 1888 – Richard E. Byrd, American admiral and pilot (died 1957) • 1888 – Nils Dardel, Swedish-American painter (died 1943) • 1888 – Jan Palouš, Czechoslovak ice hockey player (died 1971) • 1888 – Léon Tom, Belgian fencer and bobsledder • 1889 – Abel Gance, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1981) • 1890 – Floyd Bennett, American aviator (died 1928) • 1890 – Kōtarō Tanaka, Japanese jurist and politician (died 1974) • 1891 – Charles Coughlin, Canadian-American priest and radio host (died 1979) • 1891 – Karl Elmendorff, German conductor (died 1962) • 1892 – Nell Shipman, Canadian-American actress, screenwriter, and producer (died 1970) • 1894 – Claude Cahun, French photographer and sculptor (died 1954) • 1894 – Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu, Turkish poet and songwriter (died 1973) • 1894 – Johan Wilhelm Rangell, Prime Minister of Finland (died 1982) • 1895 – Levi Eshkol, Ukrainian-Israeli soldier and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Israel (died 1969) • 1895 – Vsevolod Merkulov, Russian head of the NKGB (died 1953) • 1895 – Arthur Schmidt, German officer (died 1987) • 1896 – Nils Backlund, Swedish water polo player (died 1964) • 1897 – Erwin von Lahousen, German Abwehr official (died 1955) • 1897 – Karl Olivecrona, Swedish lawyer and philosopher (died 1980) • 1897 – Luigi Pavese, Italian actor (died 1969) • 1898 – Karl Anton, German director, screenwriter and producer (died 1979) • 1899 – Armand Thirard, French cinematographer (died 1973) • 1900 – Johan Greter, Dutch equestrian (died 1975) • 1900 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian educator and activist (died 1978) • 1900 – William Stevenson, American track and fielder (died 1985) 1901–present • 1901 – Roy Fox, British dance bandleader (died 1982) • 1902 – Henry Steele Commager, American historian and author (died 1998) • 1902 – Carlo Gnocchi, Italian priest, educator and writer (died 1956) • 1902 – Eddie Lang, American jazz guitarist (died 1933) • 1903 – Piet van der Horst, Dutch cyclist (died 1983) • 1904 – Cemal Reşit Rey, Turkish pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1985) • 1904 – Denny Shute, American golfer (died 1974) • 1904 – Bill Tytla, Ukrainian-American animator (died 1968) • 1905 – Bob McPhail, Scottish footballer (died 2000) • 1906 – Karl Humenberger, Austrian footballer (died 1989) • 1908 – Carmen Dillon, English film and production designer (died 2000) • 1908 – Gotthard Handrick, German fighter pilot and Olympic athlete (died 1978) • 1908 – Polly Ann Young, American actress (died 1997) • 1909 – Whit Bissell, American actor (died 1996) • 1909 – Ken Domon, Japanese photographer (died 1990) • 1909 – Edward Flynn, American boxer (died 1976) • 1909 – Jean-Paul Le Chanois, French actor, director and screenwriter (died 1985) • 1910 – William Higinbotham, American physicist and video game designer (died 1994) • 1910 – Johnny Mauro, American race car driver (died 2003) • 1910 – Tyrus Wong, Chinese-American artist (died 2016) • 1912 – Abdelkader Ben Bouali, French footballer (died 1997) • 1912 – Alfred Klingler, German field handballer • 1912 – Minnie Pearl, American entertainer and philanthropist (died 1996) • 1913 – Anton Kochinyan, Soviet-Armenian politician (died 1990) • 1914 – John Berryman, American poet and scholar (died 1972) • 1915 – Ivan M. Niven, Canadian-American mathematician and academic (died 1999) • 1916 – Helge Larsson, Swedish canoeist (died 1971) • 1917 – Carl Forssell, Swedish fencer (died 2005) • 1917 – Dmitry Polyansky, First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union (died 2001) • 1918 – David Ausubel, American psychologist (died 2008) • 1919 – Beate Uhse-Rotermund, German pilot and entrepreneur (died 2001) • 1919 – Raoul Remy, French cyclist (died 2002) • 1920 – Megan Taylor, British figure skater (died 1993) • 1921 – Michael I of Romania (died 2017) • 1922 – Gloria Lasso, Spanish singer (died 2005) • 1923 – Achille Silvestrini, Italian prelate (died 2019) • 1923 – Beate Sirota Gordon, Austrian-American director and producer (died 2012) • 1923 – Bobby Thomson, Scottish-American baseball player (died 2010) • 1924 – Billy Barty, American actor (died 2000) • 1924 – Earl Palmer, American Hall of Fame drummer (died 2008) • 1925 – Oralia Dominguez, Mexican operatic mezzo-soprano singer (died 2013) • 1925 – Joseph Michel, Belgian politician (died 2016) • 1926 – Bo Carpelan, Finnish poet and author (died 2011) • 1926 – Jimmy Heath, American saxophonist and composer (died 2020) • 1926 – Galina Vishnevskaya, Russian-American soprano and actress (died 2012) • 1927 – Barbara Cook, American singer and actress (died 2017) • 1927 – Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, Uruguayan lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Uruguay (died 2016) • 1927 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist and author (died 1987) • 1927 – Lauretta Masiero, Italian actress and singer (died 2010) • 1928 – Jeanne Cooper, American actress (died 2013) • 1928 – Paulo Mendes da Rocha, Brazilian architect (died 2021) • 1928 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (died 2006) • 1928 – Adolphe Gesché, Belgian Catholic priest and theologian (died 2003) • 1928 – Peter Naur, Danish computer scientist, astronomer, and academic (died 2016) • 1928 – Marion Ross, American actress • 1932 – Jerzy Pawłowski, Polish fencer and double agent (died 2005) • 1932 – Theodor Pištěk, Czech costume designer • 1933 – René Brodmann, Swiss footballer (died 2000) • 1933 – Martti Mansikka, Finnish gymnast (died 2024) • 1934 – Carlos Sherman, Belarusian–Spanish translator, writer, activist (died 2005) • 1935 – Rusty Schweickart, American soldier, pilot, and astronaut • 1936 – Martin Gilbert, English historian, author, and academic (died 2015) • 1936 – Arnfinn Nesset, Norwegian nurse and convicted serial killer • 1936 – Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress and singer • 1937 – Vendramino Bariviera, Italian cyclist (died 2001) • 1937 – Ignacio Carrasco de Paula, Spanish prelate • 1937 – Roberto Menescal, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer • 1938 – Bob Webster, American diver • 1939 – Zelmo Beaty, American basketball player and coach (died 2013) • 1939 – Sara Dylan, American actress and model • 1939 – Nikolay Kiselyov, Soviet Nordic combined athlete (died 2005) • 1939 – Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2007) • 1939 – Dave Simmonds, British motorcycle racer (died 1972) • 1939 – Robin Spry, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2005) • 1940 – Jimmy Herman, Canadian actor (died 2013) • 1940 – Bob Knight, American basketball player and coach (died 2023) • 1941 – Lynda Benglis, American sculptor and painter • 1941 – Helen Reddy, Australian-American singer-songwriter and actress (died 2020) • 1941 – Anne Tyler, American author and critic • 1957 – Enrique López Zarza, Mexican footballer • 1957 – Robbie McIntosh, English guitarist • 1957 – Piet Wildschut, Dutch footballer • 1958 – Kornelia Ender, East German swimmer • 1958 – Kjell Inge Røkke, Norwegian businessman and philanthropist • 1959 – Óscar Aguirregaray, Uruguayan footballer • 1959 – Chrissy Amphlett, Australian singer-songwriter and actress (died 2013) • 1960 – Hong Sang-soo, South Korean director and screenwriter • 1961 – John Sivebæk, Danish footballer • 1961 – Chad Smith, American drummer • 1966 – Zana Briski, British photographer and filmmaker • 1966 – Lionel Charbonnier, French footballer • 1966 – Wendel Clark, Canadian ice hockey player • 1966 – Perry Saturn, American wrestler • 1967 – Martin Marinov, Australian canoeist • 1967 – Taiyō Matsumoto, Japanese manga artist • 1967 – Gary Sundgren, Swedish footballer • 1968 – Doris Fitschen, German footballer • 1968 – Christopher McQuarrie, American filmmaker • 1968 – Speech, American rapper • 1985 – Kara Lynn Joyce, American swimmer • 1985 – Daniele Padelli, Italian footballer • 1986 – Tweety Carter, American basketball player • 1986 – Roger Espinoza, Honduran footballer • 1986 – Eddie Gaven, American soccer player • 1986 – Kristian Sarkies, Australian footballer • 1986 – Ekaterina Shumilova, Russian biathlete • 1987 – Bill Amis, American basketball player • 1987 – Darron Gibson, Irish footballer • 1987 – Fabian Hambüchen, German gymnast • 1988 – Robson Conceição, Brazilian boxer • 1988 – Lewis McGugan, English professional footballer • 1988 – Chandler Parsons, American basketball player • 1988 – Kaz Patafta, Australian footballer • 1988 – Karim Yoda, French footballer • 1989 – Filip Grgić, Croatian taekwondo practitioner • 1989 – Sten Grytebust, Norwegian footballer • 1989 – David Hala, Australian rugby league player • 1989 – Ivan Marconi, Italian footballer • 1989 – Mia Wasikowska, Australian actress • 1993 – Rachel Matthews, American actress • 1995 – Patrick McCaw, American basketball player • 1996 – PJ Dozier, American basketball player • 1997 – Federico Chiesa, Italian footballer • 1998 – Juan Soto, Dominican baseball player • 1998 – Lee Know, South Korean singer • 1999 – Romeo Langford, American basketball player • 2000 – Dominik Szoboszlai, Hungarian footballer • 2000 – Vincent Zhou, American figure skater • 2001 – Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant ==Deaths==

Pre-1600 • 625 – Pope Boniface V • 912 – Rudolph I, king of Burgundy (born 859) • 1047 – Magnus the Good, Norwegian king (born 1024) • 1053 – Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu • 1154 – Stephen, King of England • 1180 – John of Salisbury, French bishop (born c. 1120) • 1200 – Conrad of Wittelsbach, German cardinal (born 1120) • 1230 – Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (born 1180) • 1292 – Robert Burnell, Lord Chancellor of England • 1349 – James III of Majorca (born 1315) • 1359 – Beatrice of Castile, queen consort of Portugal (born 1293) • 1400 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English philosopher, poet, and author (born c. 1343) • 1415 – Charles I of Albret • 1415 – Philip II, Count of Nevers (born 1389) • 1415 – Frederick I, Count of Vaudémont (born 1371) • 1415 – Jean I, Duke of Alençon (born 1385) • 1415 – Anthony, Duke of Brabant (born 1384) • 1415 – Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk, English soldier (born 1394) • 1415 – Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York, English politician (born 1373) • 1415 – Dafydd Gam, Welsh nobleman (born c. 1380) • 1478 – Catherine of Bosnia (born 1425) • 1492 – Thaddeus McCarthy, Irish bishop (born 1455) • 1495 – John II of Portugal (born 1455) • 1514 – William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop and academic, founded University of Aberdeen (born 1431) • 1557 – William Cavendish, English courtier and civil servant (born 1505) 1601–1900 • 1647 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (born 1608) • 1651 – Saint Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Orthodox Christian saint (born 1551) • 1683 – William Scroggs, English judge and politician, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (born 1623) • 1733 – Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian priest, mathematician, and philosopher (born 1667) • 1757 – Antoine Augustin Calmet, French monk and theologian (born 1672) • 1760 – George II of Great Britain (born 1683) • 1806 – Henry Knox, American general and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of War (born 1750) • 1826 – Philippe Pinel, French physician and psychiatrist (born 1745) • 1833 – Abbas Mirza, Persian prince (born 1789) • 1852 – John C. Clark, American lawyer and politician (born 1793) • 1889 – Émile Augier, French playwright (born 1820) • 1895 – Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor (born 1819) 1901–present • 1902 – Frank Norris, American journalist and novelist (born 1870) • 1910 – Willie Anderson, Scottish-American golfer (born 1878) • 1916 – William Merritt Chase, American painter and educator (born 1849) • 1919 – William Kidston, Scottish-Australian politician, 17th Premier of Queensland (born 1849) • 1920 – Alexander of Greece (born 1893) • 1920 – Terence MacSwiney, Irish playwright, politician, Lord Mayor of Cork died on hunger strike (born 1879) • 1920 – Joe Murphy, (Irish-American), died on hunger strike during the 1920 Cork hunger strike (born 1895) • 1921 – Bat Masterson, American lawman, buffalo hunter, and sport writer (born 1853) • 1924 – Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet, and activist (born 1876) • 1938 – Alfonsina Storni, Swiss-Argentinian poet and author (born 1892) • 1940 – Thomas Waddell, Irish-Australian politician, 15th Premier of New South Wales (born 1854) • 1941 – Franz von Werra, Swiss-German captain and pilot (born 1914) • 1945 – Robert Ley, German politician (born 1890) • 1949 – Mary Acworth Orr Evershed, English astronomer and Dante scholar (born 1867) • 1953 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist and academic (born 1867) • 1954 – Purshottam Narayan Gadgil, Indian jeweller and namesake of P. N. Gadgil Jewellers (born 1874) • 1955 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese girl (born 1943) • 1956 – Risto Ryti, Finnish lawyer, politician and Governor of the Bank of Finland; 5th President of Finland (born 1889) • 1957 – Albert Anastasia, Italian-American mob boss (born 1902) • 1957 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, English-Irish author, poet, and playwright (born 1878) • 1960 – Harry Ferguson, Irish-English engineer, founded the Ferguson Company (born 1884) • 1963 – Roger Désormière, French conductor and composer (born 1898) • 1967 – Margaret Ayer Barnes, American author and playwright (born 1886) • 1969 – Ellinor Aiki, Estonian painter (born 1893) • 1970 – Ülo Sooster, Estonian painter (born 1924) • 1971 – Mikhail Yangel, Soviet missile designer (born 1911) • 1972 – Johnny Mantz, American race car driver (born 1918) • 1973 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian runner (born 1932) • 1973 – Cleo Moore, American actress (born 1928) • 1973 – Robert Scholl, German accountant and politician (born 1891) • 1975 – Vladimir Herzog, Brazilian journalist and activist (born 1937) • 1976 – Raymond Queneau, French poet and author (born 1903) • 1977 – Félix Gouin, French politician (born 1884) • 1979 – Gerald Templer, English field marshal and politician, British High Commissioner in Malaya (born 1898) • 1980 – Virgil Fox, American organist and educator (born 1912) • 1980 – Víctor Galíndez, Argentine boxer (born 1948) • 1980 – Sahir Ludhianvi, Indian poet and songwriter (born 1921) • 1982 – Bill Eckersley, English footballer (born 1925) • 1982 – Arvid Wallman, Swedish diver (born 1901) • 1985 – Gary Holton, English singer-songwriter (born 1952) • 1986 – Forrest Tucker, American actor (born 1919) • 1989 – Mary McCarthy, American novelist and critic (born 1912) • 1990 – Alberto da Costa Pereira, Portuguese footballer (born 1929) • 1991 – Bill Graham, German-American concert promoter (born 1931) • 1992 – Roger Miller, American singer-songwriter and actor (born 1936) • 1992 – Richard Pousette-Dart, American painter and educator (born 1916) • 1993 – Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (born 1958) • 1993 – Vincent Price, American actor (born 1911) • 1994 – Kara Hultgreen, American lieutenant and pilot (born 1965) • 1994 – Mildred Natwick, American actress (born 1905) • 1995 – Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (born 1920) • 1995 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (born 1918) • 1999 – Leonard Boyle, Irish and Canadian palaeographer and medievalist (born 1923) • 1999 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (born 1957) • 2000 – Mochitsura Hashimoto, Japanese commander (born 1909) • 2002 – Richard Harris, Irish actor and singer (born 1930) • 2002 – René Thom, French mathematician and biologist (born 1923) • 2002 – Paul Wellstone, American academic and politician (born 1944) • 2003 – Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian spiritual leader and philosopher (born 1920) • 2003 – Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish skier and technician (born 1925) • 2004 – John Peel, English radio host and producer (born 1939) • 2010 – Lisa Blount, American actress (born 1957) • 2010 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (born 1951) • 2010 – Vesna Parun, Croatian poet and author (born 1922) • 2012 – Jacques Barzun, French-American historian and author (born 1907) • 2012 – Jaspal Bhatti, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1955) • 2012 – John Connelly, English footballer (born 1938) • 2012 – Emanuel Steward, American boxer, trainer, and sportscaster (born 1944) • 2013 – Ron Ackland, New Zealand rugby player and coach (born 1934) • 2013 – Arthur Danto, American philosopher and critic (born 1924) • 2013 – Nicholas Hunt, Welsh-English admiral (born 1930) • 2013 – Hal Needham, American actor, stuntman, director, and screenwriter (born 1931) • 2013 – Paul Reichmann, Austrian-Canadian businessman, founded Olympia and York (born 1930) • 2013 – Bill Sharman, American basketball player and coach (born 1926) • 2013 – Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedian (born 1942) • 2014 – Jack Bruce, Scottish singer-songwriter and bass player (born 1943) • 2014 – Carlos Morales Troncoso, Dominican lawyer and politician, 34th Vice President of the Dominican Republic (born 1940) • 2015 – David Cesarani, English historian and author (born 1956) • 2015 – Lisa Jardine, English historian, author, and academic (born 1944) • 2015 – Cecil Lolo, South African footballer (born 1988) • 2015 – Flip Saunders, American basketball player and coach (born 1955) • 2016 – Carlos Alberto Torres, Brazilian football player and manager (born 1944) • 2016 – Bob Hoover, USAF, Test, and Airshow pilot (born 1922) • 2018 – Thomas Keating, American Trappist monk and a principal developer of Centering Prayer (born 1923) • 2019 – Dilip Parikh, Indian politician (born 1937) • 2024 – Phil Lesh, American bassist (born 1940) • 2024 – Kim Soo-mi, South Korean actress (born 1949) • 2025 – Satish Shah, Indian actor and comedian (born 1951) • 2025 – Rolf Dupuy, anarchist and historian of the anarchist movement in France and Spain (born 1946) ==Holidays and observances==

• Armed Forces Day (Romania) • Christian feast day: • Bernat Calbó (Bernard of Calvo) • Pope Boniface I • Canna • Blessed Carlo Gnocchi • Crysanthus and Daria (Western Christianity) • Crispin and Crispinian • Fructus • Gaudentius of Brescia • Goeznovius • Minias of Florence • Mar Nestorius (in the Nestorian churches) • Tabitha (Dorcas) • Tegulus • Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy • The Six Welsh Martyrs and companions (in Wales) • The Hallowing of Nestorius • October 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) • Day of the Basque Country (Basque Country) • Republic Day (Kazakhstan) • Retrocession Day and the memorial day for the Battle of Guningtou () • Sovereignty Day (Slovenia) • Thanksgiving Day (Grenada) ==References==