January–March •
January 5 – The first
regatta in Australia is held, taking place in
Tasmania (called at the time ''
Van Diemen's Land''), on the
River Derwent at
Hobart. •
January 15 –
Furman University, founded in
1826, begins its first classes with 10 students, as the Furman Academy and Theological Institution, located in
Edgefield, South Carolina. By the end of
2016, it will have 2,800 students at its main campus in
Greenville, South Carolina. •
January 27 – Author
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe first elaborates on his vision of
Weltliteratur (world literature), in a letter to Johann Peter Eckermann, declaring his belief that "poetry is the universal possession of mankind", and that "the epoch of world literature is at hand, and each must work to hasten its coming." •
January 30 – The first public theatre in Norway, the
Christiania Offentlige Theater, is inaugurated in Christiania (modern-day
Oslo). •
January – In
Laos,
King Anouvong of
Vientiane leads the
Laotian Rebellion against
Siam and successfully attacks
Nakhon Ratchasima (the
Siamese later invade
Vientiane and nearly destroy the whole city). •
February 20 –
Battle of Ituzaingó (Passo do Rosário): A Brazilian Imperial Army force is tactically defeated on the border of Brazil and the
United Provinces of the Río de la Plata by
Argentine and
Uruguayan troops. •
February 28 – The
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad is incorporated, becoming the first railroad in the United States offering commercial transportation of both people and freight. •
March 7 – Brazilian marines sail up the
Rio Negro and
attack the temporary naval base of
Carmen de Patagones,
Argentina; they are defeated by the local citizens. •
March 11 • The new state constitution for the Mexican state of
Coahuila y Tejas is ratified, including a phasing-out of slavery in its Article 13, which declares that "From and after the promulgation of the constitution in the capital of each district, no one shall be born a slave in the state, and after six months the introduction of slaves under any pretext shall not be permitted." The prohibition of importing slaves from the United States is lifted when Texas declares independence in 1836, and the Republic of Texas Constitution will provide specifically that Africans and "the descendants of Africans" will not be considered "citizens of the republic". • The predecessor of
Qasr El Eyni Hospital and Cairo University School of Medicine is established in
Egypt under the direction of
Antoine Clot as the first medical school in the region. •
March 15 – The
University of Toronto is established by
royal charter as King's College at
York. It is the first institution of higher education in
Upper Canada. •
March 16 – ''
Freedom's Journal'', the first African-American owned and published newspaper in the United States, is founded in New York City by
John Russwurm. •
March 26 —
Ludwig van Beethoven dies in
Vienna at age 56. He died after a prolonged illness, with contemporaries reporting severe liver disease and months of declining health leading up to his final days •
March 29 — Thousands crowd the streets of Vienna to attend the funeral of Beethoven after his March 26 death. His contemporaries
Franz Schubert,
Johann Nepomuk Hummel and
Carl Czerny serve as torchbearers and Chancellor
Metternich speaks.
April–June •
April 7 –
John Walker begins selling his invention, the "Lucifer" friction
match, in England. •
April 8 –
Battle of Monte Santiago: A squadron of the Brazilian Imperial Navy defeats
Argentine vessels after a two-day naval battle. •
April 10 –
George Canning succeeds
Lord Liverpool as
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. •
April 23 – Scottish-born novelist
John Galt founds the town of
Guelph in
Upper Canada. •
April 24 –
Greek War of Independence:
Battle of Phaleron – Ottoman troops defeat the Greek rebels. •
April 26 – The
Royal Netherlands Navy's British-built
paddle steamer Curaçao sets off on the first
transatlantic crossing by steam, departing from
Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to
Paramaribo in the Netherlands South American colony of Dutch Guiana. The ship arrives after a voyage of four weeks. •
April 29 – The Fly Whisk Incident in
Ottoman Algeria:
Hussein Dey slaps French consul
Pierre Deval on the face, eventually leading to the
Invasion of Algiers in 1830. •
May 1 –
Georg Ohm publishes
Die galvanische Kette, mathematisch bearbeitet (tr.,
The Galvanic Circuit Investigated Mathematically) in which
Ohm's law appears for the first time. •
May 20 –
Zarafa, the first
giraffe to be seen in Europe for over three centuries, arrives in
Marseille as a gift from the
Ottoman Viceroy of
Egypt,
Mehmet Ali Pasha, to
King Charles X of
France. The giraffe then begins a 50-day journey to
Paris, walking with its handlers toward
Paris where it will arrive on July 9. •
May 21 – The
Maryland Democratic Party is founded by supporters of
Andrew Jackson in
Baltimore, and hosts its first meeting at the Baltimore Atheneum. •
May 24 – The
Royal Netherlands Navy's British-built
paddle steamer Curaçao completes the first
transatlantic crossing by steam, arriving in
Paramaribo in
Dutch Guiana (now Suriname) four weeks after its April 26 departure from the Netherlands. In 1829, the two will begin a partnership, and Daguerre will perfect Niépce's photographic process to reproduce images more quickly. •
June 7 – Greek defenders in
Athens surrender to Egyptian forces under the command of General
Rashid Pasha.
July–September •
July 6 –
Greek War of Independence: The
Treaty of London between France, Britain and Russia, demands that the
Turks agree to an armistice in
Greece. •
July 9 –
Zarafa, the giraffe given by the Ottoman Viceroy of Egypt to King Charles X of France, arrives at the royal palace in Paris. •
November – The term "
socialist" is coined by
Robert Owen in his London periodical,
The Co-operative Magazine and Monthly Herald. •
December 20 – Mexico passes its first "expulsion law", providing for citizens of Spain to be expelled within the next six months, and to remain barred from re-entry until the Kingdom of Spain recognizes Mexico's
1810 declaration of independence. Ultimately, because of all the exemptions within the expulsion act, only 1,779 of the 6,610 Spaniards are required to leave.
Date unknown • The missionary ship
Messenger of Peace is built on
Rarotonga by English Congregationalist
John Williams to spread Christianity to
Samoa and the
Society Islands on behalf of the
London Missionary Society. •
John James Audubon begins publication of the 10-volume
The Birds of America, in the United Kingdom. == Births ==