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1936

1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1936th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 936th year of the 2nd millennium, the 36th year of the 20th century, and the 7th year of the 1930s decade.

Events
January–February January 8Reza Shah of Iran issues the Kashf-e hijab which bans all Islamic veils such as the hijab, in addition to many types of male traditional clothing • January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House. • January 28State funeral of George V of the United Kingdom. After a procession through London, he is buried at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. • February 4Radium E (bismuth-210) becomes the first radioactive element to be made synthetically. • February 5Modern Times, widely considered one of the greatest films ever, premieres in New York City. • February 6 – The IV Olympic Winter Games open in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. • February 1019Second Italo-Ethiopian War: Battle of Amba Aradam – Italian forces gain a decisive tactical victory, effectively neutralizing the army of the Ethiopian Empire. • February 161936 Spanish general election: The left-wing Popular Front coalition takes a majority. • February 26February 26 Incident (二・二六事件, Niniroku Jiken): The Imperial Way Faction engineers a failed coup against the Japanese government; some politicians are killed. March–April : Hoover Dam is completed • March 1 – Construction of Hoover Dam is completed in the United States. • March 7 – In violation of the Treaty of Versailles and Locarno Treaties, Nazi Germany reoccupies the Rhineland. Hitler and other Nazis later admit that the French army alone could have destroyed the Wehrmacht. • March 9 – Pro-democratic militarist Keisuke Okada steps down as Prime Minister of Japan and is replaced by radical militarist Kōki Hirota. • March 15 – Austrian Josef Bradl sets the men's world record ski jump at 101.5 metres (333 ft) on Bloudkova velikanka hill in Planica and becomes the first man in history to stand jump over one hundred metres. • April 5A tornado hits Tupelo, Mississippi, United States, killing 216 people and injuring over 700 (the 4th deadliest tornado in U.S. history). • April 15 – The Tulkarm shooting, followed by Jewish retaliation, begins the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine against British administration, and stokes opposition to Jewish immigration. May–June May 5March of the Iron Will: Italian forces occupy Addis Ababa unopposed. • May 9 – Speaking in Rome, Benito Mussolini announces the foundation of the empire, as Italian East Africa is formed from the Italian territories of Eritrea, Ethiopia and Italian Somaliland. • May 25 – The Remington Rand strike of 1936–37 begins, spawning the notorious Mohawk Valley formula, a corporate plan for strikebreaking. • May 28 - Alan Turing submits "On Computable Numbers", proving the undecidability of the Halting problem and the decision problem for logic. Computer scientist Avi Wigderson called this paper "easily the most influential math paper in history". • June 19Per Albin Hansson resigns as Prime Minister of Sweden, over the issue of defence policy. He is replaced by the leader of the Farmer's League (Bondeförbundet) Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp, who also becomes Minister of Agriculture. • The total solar eclipse of June 19, 1936 is visible in Greece, Turkey, Russia and Japan. It is part of Solar Saros 126; Gamma is a value of 0.53889. • June 26Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first fully controllable helicopter, makes its maiden flight. July–August : Republican soldiers and Assault Guards during the July 1936 uprising in Barcelona, Spain • July 4 – First publication recognizing stress as a biological condition. • July 17 – The Spanish Army of Africa launches a ''coup d'état'' against the Republican Second Spanish Republic, beginning the Spanish Civil War. • July 20 – The Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits is signed in Montreux, allowing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime. • July 24Carmelite Martyrs of Guadalajara: 3 nuns are shot dead by the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War). • August 1 – The 1936 Summer Olympics open in Berlin, Germany, and mark the first live television coverage of an international sports event in world history (John Logie Baird had broadcast the Derby horse race in Britain in 1931). • August 31936 Summer Olympics: African-American athlete Jesse Owens wins the 100-meter dash. • August 4 – A self-coup is staged by Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas, marking the beginning of the authoritarian 4th of August Regime, which will rule Greece until the Axis occupation of Greece in 1941. • August 141936 Summer Olympics: The Junior Varsity Rowing Crew from the University of Washington surprises the world listening on radio when they come from behind to win Olympic Gold. • August 26 – The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 is signed. September–October : Extinction of Thylacine. • September 45 – English-born aviator Beryl Markham becomes the first woman to make an east-to-west solo transatlantic flight, from Abingdon-on-Thames, England, to Baleine, Nova Scotia. • September 5Spanish Civil War: Robert Capa's photograph The Falling Soldier is taken. • September 7 – The last known thylacine ("Tasmanian tiger"), named Benjamin, dies in Hobart Zoo in Tasmania. • September 91936 Naval Revolt (Portugal): The crews of Portuguese Navy frigate NRP Afonso de Albuquerque and destroyer Dão mutiny while anchored in Lisbon Harbour. Opposed to the Salazar dictatorship's support of General Franco's coup in Spain, they declare their solidarity with the Second Spanish Republic. • The Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence is signed. • September 10 – The first World Speedway Championship is held at Wembley Stadium in London, England. It is won by Australian Lionel Van Praag, with Englishman Eric Langton second and Australian Bluey Wilkinson third. • September 13 – In response to a polio outbreak, Chicago Public Schools launches a distance education program which constitutes the first large-scale use of radio broadcasts to facilitate distance education. • September 28 – After the election to the Swedish Riksdag's second chamber, Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp and his "Holiday Cabinet" ("Semesterregeringen") resign (though he remains as Minister of Agriculture) and Per Albin Hansson returns as Prime Minister, staying in office until his death from a heart attack in 1946. • OctoberJoseph Stalin's Great Purge begins in the Soviet Union. • The Viking Age craftsman's Mästermyr chest is discovered in the Mästermyr mire (after which it is later named), west of Hemse, on the island of Gotland, Sweden. • October 19H. R. Ekins, reporter for the New York World-Telegram, wins a race to travel around the world on commercial airline flights, beating Dorothy Kilgallen of the New York Journal and Leo Kieran of The New York Times. The flight takes 18½ days. • October 25 – The Italo-German protocol of 23 October 1936 is signed, resulting in the creation of the Axis. November–December November 2 • The BBC launches the world's first regular television service in high-definition (according to contemporary standards). • The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) begins radio in Canada. • November 31936 United States presidential election: Franklin D. Roosevelt is reelected to a second term, in a landslide victory over Kansas Governor Alf Landon; farmers support Roosevelt. • November 12 – In California, the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge opens to traffic. • November 19 and 20Buenaventura Durruti, a major Spanish anarchist, is fatally shot in Madrid, dying the following day. • November 20 – A levee failure and continued massive rain at the Mitsubishi Osarizawa mine, Kazuno, northeastern Akita, Japan, results in at least 375 deaths. • November 23Cover date of the first issue of Life, a weekly news magazine launched in the United States under the management of Henry Luce. • November 25 – The Anti-Comintern Pact is signed by Germany and Japan. • November 30 – A spectacular fire destroys The Crystal Palace in London, originally built for the 1851 Great Exhibition. • December 5 – The 1936 Soviet Constitution, promulgated by Stalin, is adopted in the Soviet Union. The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic is dissolved, and Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia become full Republics of the Soviet Union. • December 7 – Streptococcous meningitis (a condition previously 99% fatal) is successfully treated for the first time with a sulfonamide. • December 10Edward VIII abdication crisis: King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom signs an instrument of abdication at Fort Belvedere, Surrey in the presence of his three brothers, The Duke of York, The Duke of Gloucester and The Duke of Kent. • December 11Edward VIII abdication crisis: The British Parliament passes His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936 on behalf of the U.K., Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. The King performs his last act as sovereign by giving Royal Assent to the Act, and his brother Prince Albert, Duke of York, becomes King, reigning as King George VI. The former King, now HRH Prince Edward, makes a broadcast to the nation explaining his decision to abdicate, and leaves the country for Austria. • Taking the opportunity to free itself further from ties to the United Kingdom, the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State passes the Constitution (Amendment No. 27) Act 1936, removing most powers from the office of Governor-General of the Irish Free State, and the Executive Authority (External Relations) Act 1936 (signed into law December 12), assenting to the abdication and restricting the power of the monarch in relation to Ireland to international affairs. • December 12Xi'an Incident: Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China is kidnapped by Marshal Zhang Xueliang. • December 24 – The first filmed Ukrainian opera, Natalka Poltavka, is released in Ukraine. Date unknown • West China Famine: An estimated five million people die. • Nestlé introduce the white chocolate Milkybar (called Galak in Continental Europe and elsewhere). == Births ==
Births
January January 2Roger Miller, American singer-songwriter, musician and actor (d. 1992) • January 6Darlene Hard, American tennis player (d. 2021) • Alejandro Maldonado, 37th President of GuatemalaJulio María Sanguinetti, 2-time President of Uruguay • January 8Robert May, Australian scientist (d. 2020) • January 10Stephen E. Ambrose, American historian and biographer (d. 2002) • Robert Wilson, American physicist and radio astronomer, Nobel laureate • January 11Eva Hesse, American sculptor and textile artist (d. 1970) • January 12Émile Lahoud, 15th President of LebanonJanuary 14Reiner Klimke, German equestrian (d. 1999) • January 19Ziaur Rahman, 7th President of Bangladesh (d. 1981) • January 22Alan J. Heeger, American physicist and Nobel laureate • Ong Teng Cheong, 5th President of Singapore (d. 2002) • January 23Cécile Ousset, French pianist • January 25Diana Hyland, American actress (d. 1977) • January 27Barry Barish, American gravitational physicist, Nobel laureate • Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001) • Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist, Nobel laureate • January 28Alan Alda, American actor, director, screenwriter, comedian and author • Ismail Kadare, Albanian writer (d. 2024) February February 3Jeanine Basinger, American film historian • Bob Simpson, Australian cricketer (d. 2025) • February 4David Brenner, American actor and comedian (d. 2014) • Gary Conway, American actor • February 6Kent Douglas, Canadian ice hockey player, coach (d. 2009) • February 9Princess Elizabeth of Tooro, Princess Royal of the Kingdom of Tooro • February 11Burt Reynolds, American actor (d. 2018) • February 15Richard Michaels, American film director • February 16Carl Icahn, American businessman, investor and philanthropist • February 17Jim Brown, African-American football player and actor (d. 2023) • February 21Barbara Jordan, African-American lawyer, educator, politician and civil rights activist (d. 1996) • February 24Jess Conrad, British actor and singer • Carol D'Onofrio, American public health researcher (d. 2020) • February 25Jerry Reinsdorf, American Sports Executive • February 26Adem Demaçi, Albanian politician, writer (d. 2018) • February 27Fred Haines, American film director and screenwriter (d. 2008) • February 29Alex Rocco, American actor (d. 2015) March March 4Jim Clark, Scottish race car driver (d. 1968) • Kim Yong-chun, North Korean soldier, politician (d. 2018) • Aribert Reimann, German composer (d. 2024) • March 5Canaan Banana, 1st President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003) • Dean Stockwell, American actor (d. 2021) • March 6Marion Barry, African-American civil rights activist and politician (d. 2014) • Choummaly Sayasone, 5th President of Laos • March 7Loren Acton, American astronaut • Galen Cisco, American baseball player • Julio Terrazas Sandoval, Bolivian cardinal (d. 2015) • March 9Mickey Gilley, American country singer (d. 2022) • March 10Sepp Blatter, Swiss sports administrator, president of FIFAMarch 11Harald zur Hausen, German virologist (d. 2023) • Takis Mousafiris, Greek composer and songwriter (d. 2021) • Antonin Scalia, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 2016) • March 17Ken Mattingly, American astronaut (d. 2023) • March 18F. W. de Klerk, 7th and last State President of South Africa (d. 2021) • March 19Ursula Andress, Swiss actress • March 20Lee "Scratch" Perry, Jamaican musician (d. 2021) • March 25Lawrence Gordon, American motion picture executive. • March 27Banwari Lal Joshi, Indian politician (d. 2017) • March 28Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian writer, politician, journalist and essayist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2025) April April 1Jean-Pascal Delamuraz, 2-time President of Switzerland (d. 1998) • April 5Glenn Jordan, American film and television director • April 9Gloria Grosso, Italian politician • Valerie Solanas, American feminist writer who attempts to kill Andy Warhol (d. 1988) • Ferdinando Imposimato, Italian judge (d. 2018) • April 12Charles Napier, American character actor (d. 2011) • April 13Choi In-hun, South Korean writer (d. 2018) • April 14Dilbagh Singh Kler, Malaysian Olympic athlete (d. 2012) • Frank Serpico, American police officer • April 15Pen Sovan, Cambodian politician (d. 2016) • Raymond Poulidor, French road-bicycle racer(d. 2019) • April 17Urs Wild, Swiss chemist (d. 2022) • April 20Alfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz (d. 1989) • April 22Glen Campbell, American singer and actor (d. 2017) • April 23Roy Orbison, American singer-songwriter (Pretty Woman) (d. 1988) • April 24Akwasi Afrifa, 3rd Head of State of Ghana (d. 1979) • Jill Ireland, English actress (d. 1990) • April 28Tariq Aziz, Iraqi politician (d. 2015) • April 29Zubin Mehta, Indian conductor • Lane Smith, American actor (d. 2005) May May 1Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (d. 2006) • May 2Norma Aleandro, Argentinian actress • Engelbert Humperdinck (b. Arnold George Dorsey), British singer • May 4El Cordobés, Spanish matador • May 7Jimmy Ruffin, African-American singer (d. 2014) • May 9Albert Finney, English actor (d. 2019) • Glenda Jackson, English actress and politician (d. 2023) • Ernest Shonekan, 9th Head of State of Nigeria (d. 2022) • May 12Klaus Doldinger, German musician (d. 2025) • Guillermo Endara, 32nd President of Panama (1989–1994) (d. 2009) • May 13Rafael Campos, Dominican actor (d. 1985) • May 14Bobby Darin, American singer (d. 1973) • May 15 - Ralph Steadman, Artist • May 15 - Wavy Gravy, Performer • May 16Philippe de Montebello, American museum director • Karl Lehmann, German Catholic cardinal (d. 2018) • May 17Dennis Hopper, American actor and director (d. 2010) • Alfred R. Kelman, American film and television documentary producer and director • May 20Nickey Iyambo, Namibian politician, 1st Vice-President of Namibia (d. 2019) • Antanas Vaupšas, Lithuanian athlete (d. 2017) • Anthony Zerbe, Actor • May 21Joe Alves, American film production designer • Günter Blobel, German-American biologist, academic and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018) • Alan Heim, American film editor • May 25Tom T. Hall, American country singer-songwriter (d. 2021) • May 26Richard Harrison, American actor, writer, director and producer • May 27Louis Gossett Jr., African-American actor (d. 2024) • May 28John Wilder, American producer and former actor • May 30 - Keir Dullea, actor June June 2Volodymyr Holubnychy, Soviet Olympic athlete (d. 2021) • June 3Colin Meads, New Zealand rugby union player (d. 2017) • June 4Bruce Dern, American actor • Nutan, Indian actress (d. 1991) • June 8James Darren, American actor and singer (d. 2024) • Kenneth G. Wilson, American Nobel Prize-winning physicist (d. 2013) • June 12Kevin Thomas, American film critic • June 17Ken Loach, British film director • June 18Denny Hulme, New Zealand racing driver (d. 1992) • Ronald Venetiaan, president of Suriname (d. 2025) • June 19Takeshi Aono, Japanese actor (d. 2012) • June 22Kris Kristofferson, American actor and singer-songwriter (d. 2024) • Izatullo Khayoyev, 1st Prime Minister of Tajikistan (d. 2015) • Hermeto Pascoal, Brazilian composer and multi-instrumentalist (d. 2025) • June 23Costas Simitis, Greek politician, 78th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2025) • June 24Robert Downey Sr., American actor, filmmaker and father of actor Robert Downey Jr. (d. 2021) • June 25B. J. Habibie, Indonesian politician, 3rd President of Indonesia (d. 2019) • June 26Hal Greer, African-American professional basketball player (d. 2018) • Lee Ming-liang, Taiwanese geneticist • June 27Geneviève Fontanel, French stage, film actress (d. 2018) • Joe Doyle, Irish politician (d. 2009) • June 29David Jenkins, American figure skater • Eddie Mabo, Australian Indigenous rights activist (d. 1992) • Kigeli V of Rwanda, last king of Rwanda (d. 2016) • June 30Assia Djebar, Algerian writer (d. 2015) • Nancy Dussault – American actress and singer July July 1Antonio Salines, Italian actor and director (d. 2021) • July 4Günter Vetter, Austrian politician (d. 2022) • July 5 • Sir Frederick Ballantyne, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (d. 2020) • Shirley Knight, American actress (d. 2020) • Sir James Mirrlees, Scottish-born economist, winner of the 1996 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (d. 2018) • July 7Hammoudi Al-Harithi, Iraqi actor (d. 2024) • Anatoly Kirov, Soviet wrestler • Nikos Xilouris, Greek singer (d. 1980) • July 8Johan Du Preez, Rhodesian-Zimbabwean sprinter • July 16Sanford Lieberson, American film producer • Miria Obote, First Lady of Uganda • Venkataraman Subramanya, Indian cricketer • Leo Sterckx, Belgian cyclist (d. 2023) • Yasuo Fukuda, 58th Prime Minister of JapanJuly 20Barbara Mikulski, US SenatorJuly 26Neelu, Indian actor (d. 2018) • July 29 - Elizabeth Dole, US SenatorJuly 30Buddy Guy, African-American blues singer and guitarist • Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz, Spanish royal (d. 2020) • July 31Jorge Sanjinés, Bolivian film director and screenwriter August August 1Yves Saint Laurent, Algerian-born French fashion designer (d. 2008) • Chadlia Farhat Essebsi, Tunisian consort, 5th First Lady of Tunisia (d. 2019) • Pat Priest, Actress • August 3Edward Petherbridge, British actor • August 12Kjell Grede, Swedish film director (d. 2017) • André Kolingba, President of Central African Republic (d. 2010) • John Poindexter, Political Figure • August 16Anita Gillette, American actress • August 17Margaret Hamilton, American computer scientist, systems engineer and business owner • August 18Robert Redford, American actor and film director (d. 2025) • August 21Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo, 21st Duchess of Medina Sidonia, (d. 2008) • August 23Rudy Lewis, American rhythm and blues singer (d. 1964) • August 25Giridharilal Kedia, Indian Working President of KVK (d. 2009) • August 26Benedict Anderson, American academic (d. 2015) • August 27Lien Chan, Taiwanese politicianAugust 28Bert Schneider, Austrian road racer (d. 2009) • August 29John McCain, American politician, U.S. Senator (R-Az.) (d. 2018) • August 31Fabrizia Ramondino, Italian author (d. 2008) September September 1Valery Legasov, Soviet inorganic chemist (d. 1988) • September 2Andrew Grove, Hungarian-American businessman, engineer and author (d. 2016) • September 3Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, 2nd President of Tunisia (d. 2019) • September 4Kamuta Latasi, 4th Prime Minister of Tuvalu • September 5 - John Danforth, US Senator Missouri • September 7Buddy Holly, American rock-and-roll singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1959) • Jorge Porcel, Argentine-American actor (d. 2006) • September 9 - Jerrold Immel, American television music composer • September 14Walter Koenig, American actor (Star Trek: The Original Series) • September 15Ashley Cooper, Australian tennis player (d. 2020) • September 19Al Oerter, American Olympic athlete (d. 2007) • September 21Yury Luzhkov, mayor of Moscow (d. 2019) • September 21 - Dickey Lee, Musician • September 23Valentín Paniagua, President of Peru (d. 2006) • September 24Jim Henson, American puppeteer, filmmaker and television producer (The Muppets) (d. 1990) • September 25Moussa Traoré, President of Mali (d. 2020) • September 26Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 2018) • September 27Joselo, Venezuelan actor, comedian (d. 2013) • September 28Robert Wolders, Dutch actor (d. 2018) • September 29Silvio Berlusconi, 50th Prime Minister of Italy, media entrepreneur (d. 2023) October October 1Duncan Edwards, English footballer (d. 1958) • October 2Gwen Marston, American quilter and writer (d. 2019) • October 3Steve Reich, American composer • October 5Václav Havel, Czech playwright, writer and politician, 10th President of Czechoslovakia and 1st President of the Czech Republic (d. 2011) • October 6Lin Yu-lin, Taiwanese billionaire real estate developer (d. 2018) • October 7Fereydoun Farrokhzad, Iranian entertainer (d. 1992) • October 8Rogelio Guerra, Mexican actor (d. 2018) • October 9Brian Blessed, English actor • October 10Gerhard Ertl, German physicist, Nobel laureate • October 11Tom Zé, Brazilian Tropicália singer-songwriter • October 13Christine Nöstlinger, Austrian writer (d. 2018) • October 16Andrei Chikatilo, Soviet serial killer (d. 1994) • October 18Jaime Lucas Ortega y Alamino, Cuban cardinal (d. 2019) • October 19James Bevel, American civil rights movement strategist and leader (d. 2008) • Tony Lo Bianco, American actor (d. 2024) • October 22Bobby Seale, American political activist • October 24Bill Wyman, English rock guitarist • October 25Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress and voice actress • October 26Etelka Kenéz Heka, Hungarian writer, poet, singer (d. 2024) • October 28Charlie Daniels, American country singer-songwriter (d. 2020) • October 30Polina Astakhova, Soviet artistic gymnast (d. 2005) • Luciano Tovoli, Italian cinematographer and filmmaker • Dick Vermeil, American former football coach • October 31Michael Landon, American actor, director, producer and writer (d. 1991) November November 3Roy Emerson, Australian tennis player • November 4Didier Ratsiraka, 3rd President of Madagascar (d. 2021) • C. K. Williams, American poet (d. 2015) • November 5Ivan Stambolić, Serbian politician (d. 2000) • Uwe Seeler, German football player and manager (d. 2022) • November 8Virna Lisi, Italian actress (d. 2014) • November 9Mary Travers, American singer-songwriter (d. 2009) • November 11Susan Kohner, American actress • November 17Dahlia Ravikovitch, Israeli poet (d. 2005) • Lazarus Salii, 3rd President of Palau (d. 1988) • November 18Ennio Antonelli, president of the Pontifical Council for the Family from 2008 to 2012. • Ante Žanetić, Croatian professional footballer (d. 2014) • November 19Dick Cavett, American talk show host, television personality • November 20Don DeLillo, American author • November 22Sigmund R. Petersen, Norwegian-born American NOAA Commissioned Corps admiral (d. 2024) • November 23Lazarus Salii, 3rd President of Palau (d. 1988) • November 30Eric Walter Elst, Belgian astronomer (d. 2022) • Abbie Hoffman, American political and social activist (d. 1989) December December 3Alfred Uhry. American playwright and screenwriter • December 4América Alonso, Venezuelan actress (d. 2022) • December 5James Lee Burke, American novelist • December 6David Ossman, American writer and comedian • December 6 - Kenneth Copeland, Minister • December 7Martha Layne Collins, American businesswoman and politician (d. 2025) • December 8David Carradine, American actor, director and martial artist (d. 2009) • December 9A. B. Yehoshua, Israeli writer (d. 2022) • December 11Hans van den Broek, Dutch politician and diplomat (d. 2025) • December 12Iolanda Balaș, Romanian high jumper (d. 2016) • Alain Cornu, French footballer • December 13 – Prince Karim Al-Husseini, Aga Khan IV, Swiss-born 49th imam of Nizari Isma'ilis, businessman, philanthropist and racehorse owner (d. 2025) • December 14Robert A. Parker, American physicist, astronomer and astronaut • December 15Walon Green, American documentary film director and screenwriter • December 17Pope Francis (d. 2025) • Klaus Kinkel, German politician (d. 2019) • Tommy Steele, British entertainer • December 20Niki Bettendorf, Luxembourgish politician (d. 2018) • December 21Barbara Roberts, American politician • December 22Héctor Elizondo, American actor • December 23La Lupe, Cuban singer (d. 1992) • Bobby Ross, American football coach • December 25Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy, member of the British royal family • Ismail Merchant, Indian film director and producer (d. 2005) • December 29Mary Tyler Moore, American actress, producer and diabetes awareness activist (d. 2017) • December 31Siw Malmkvist, Swedish singer • Bari Wood, American writer == Deaths ==
Deaths
January of the United Kingdom • January 1Harry B. Smith, American composer (b. 1860) • January 5Ramón del Valle-Inclán, Spanish writer (b. 1866) • January 6Louise Bryant, American journalist (b. 1885) • January 9John Gilbert, American actor (b. 1897) • January 15Henry Foster, British Conservative Party politician, Governor-General of Australia (b. 1866) • George Landenberger, United States Navy Captain, 23rd Governor of American Samoa (b. 1879) • January 16Albert Fish, American serial killer (executed) (b. 1870) • January 18Rudyard Kipling, British writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865) • January 20 – King George V of the United Kingdom (b. 1865) • January 23John Mills Jr., "Mills Brothers" basso, guitarist (b. 1911) • January 24Harry T. Morey, American actor (b. 1873) • Harry Peach, British furniture manufacturer, social campaigner (b. 1874) • January 28Richard Loeb, American murderer (b. 1905) February February 3Sophie, Princess of Albania, consort of William of Wied, Prince of Albania (b.1885) • February 4Wilhelm Gustloff, German leader of the Swiss Nazi Party (b. 1895) • February 8Charles Curtis, 31st Vice President of the United States (b. 1860) • February 19Billy Mitchell, American general, military aviation pioneer (b. 1879) • February 20Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879) • Georges Vacher de Lapouge, French anthropologist (b. 1854) • February 23William Adamson, British Labour politician (b. 1863) • February 26 – in the "February 26 Incident": • Takahashi Korekiyo, 11th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1854) • Saitō Makoto, Japanese admiral, 19th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1858) • February 27Ivan Pavlov, Russian psychologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1849) • Mulugeta Yeggazu, Ethiopian government official, military leader • February 28Charles Nicolle, French bacteriologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1866) March March 8Jean Patou, French fashion designer (b. 1880) • March 9Swami Sri Yukteswar Giri, Indian monk and yogi (b. 1855) • March 12David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty, British admiral (b. 1871) • Sir David Campbell, British army general and Governor of Malta (b. 1869) • March 13Sir Francis Bell, 20th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1851) • March 16Dace Akmentiņa, Latvian actress (b. 1858) • Marguerite Durand, French journalist, feminist leader (b. 1864) • March 18Eleftherios Venizelos, Greek statesman, several times Prime Minister (b. 1864) • March 20Herman P. Faris, American temperance movement leader (b. 1858) • March 21Alexander Glazunov, Russian composer, conductor (b. 1865) • March 23Oscar Asche, Australian actor (b. 1871) • March 28Sir Archibald Garrod, English physician (b. 1857) • March 29Eugène Marais, South African lawyer, naturalist, poet and writer (b. 1871) April April 2Alberico Albricci, Italian general (b. 1864) • April 3Richard Hauptmann, German killer of Charles Lindbergh Jr. (executed) (b. 1899) • April 6Edmund Breese, American actor (b. 1871) • April 7Marilyn Miller, American actress (b. 1898) • April 8Róbert Bárány, Austrian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1876) • April 9Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist, economist and philosopher (b. 1855) • April 18Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer, musicologist and conductor (b. 1879) • April 23Teresa de la Parra, Venezuelan writer (b. 1889) • April 25Wajed Ali Khan Panni, Bengali aristocrat and philanthropist (b. 1871) • April 26Tammany Young, American actor (b. 1886) • April 28 – King Fuad I of Egypt (b. 1868) • April 30A. E. Housman, English poet (b. 1859) May May 2Ivan Alexandrov, Russian engineer (b. 1875) • May 4Ludwig von Falkenhausen, German general (b. 1844) • May 5Marianne Hainisch, Austrian women's rights activist (b. 1839) • May 8Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (b. 1880) • May 12Hu Hanmin, Chinese politician (b. 1879) • May 14Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, British soldier, administrator (b. 1861) • May 16Leonidas Paraskevopoulos, Greek general, senator (b. 1860) • May 17Panagis Tsaldaris, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1868) • May 24Khazʽal Ibn Jabir, Iranian sheikh (b. 1863) • May 29Norman Chaney, American actor (b. 1914) June June 11Robert E. Howard, American pulp fiction writer (suicide) (b. 1906) • June 12M. R. James, English medievalist scholar and author (b. 1862) • Karl Kraus, Austrian writer, journalist (b. 1874) • June 14G. K. Chesterton, English author (b. 1874) • June 17Henry B. Walthall, American actor (b. 1878) • June 18Maxim Gorky, Russian writer (b. 1868) • June 19Sir William Hall-Jones, English-New Zealand politician, 16th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1851) • June 22Mary Haviland Stilwell Kuesel, American pioneer dentist (b. 1866) • Moritz Schlick, German philosopher, physicist (b. 1882) • June 28Alexander Berkman, Russian anarchist (b. 1870) July July 1Hovhannes Abelian, Armenian actor (b. 1865) • July 8Thomas Meighan, American actor (b. 1879) • July 9Auguste Adib Pacha, two-time prime minister of Lebanon (b. 1859) • July 11James Murray, American actor (b. 1901) • July 13Kojo Tovalou Houénou, Beninese critic of the French colonial empire in Africa (b. 1887) • José Calvo Sotelo, Spanish politician (assassinated) (b. 1893) • July 16Alan Crosland, American film director (b. 1894) • July 23Anna Abrikosova, Soviet Roman Catholic religious sister and servant of God (b. 1882) • July 24Georg Michaelis, 6th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1857) • Sir Arnold Theiler, South African veterinary scientist (b. 1867) • July 25Heinrich Rickert, German philosopher (b. 1863) August August 1Louis Blériot, French aviation pioneer (b. 1872) • August 9Lincoln Steffens, American journalist (b. 1866) • August 12Manuel Goded, Spanish general (executed) (b. 1882) • August 15Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871) • August 19Federico García Lorca, Spanish writer (assassinated) (b. 1898) • Oscar von Sydow, 18th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1873) • August 22José María Hinojosa, Spanish poet (assassinated) (b. 1904) • August 23Julio Ruiz de Alda, Spanish aviator, Falangist politician (executed) (b. 1897) • August 25Ivan Nikitich Smirnov, Soviet Communist Party activist (b. 1881) • Lev Kamenev, Soviet politician (b. 1883) • Grigory Zinoviev, Soviet politician (b. 1883) September September 6Víctor Pradera Larumbe, Spanish political theorist (executed) (b. 1872) • September 7Kenneth Balfour, British Conservative Party politician (b. 1863) • September 9Jerrold Immel, American television music composer • September 14Irving Thalberg, American film producer (b. 1899) • Raoul Villain, French assassin (b. 1885) • September 16Karl Buresch, 9th Chancellor of Austria (b. 1878) • September 17Henri Louis Le Chatelier, French chemist (Le Chatelier's principle) (b. 1850) • September 19Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Indian musician (b. 1860) • September 21Amalia Abad Casasempere, Spanish Roman Catholic laywoman, martyr (executed) (b. 1897) • Antoine Meillet, French linguist (b. 1866) • September 28William Sims, American admiral (b. 1858) • September 30Friedrich Sixt von Armin, German general (b. 1851) October October 2Juho Sunila, 2-time Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1875) • October 3John Heisman, American football coach (b. 1869) • October 6Gyula Gömbös, 30th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1886) • October 8Cheiro, Irish astrologer (b. 1866) • William Henry Stark, American businessman (b. 1851) • October 10 - Abul Kasem, Bengali politician (b. 1872) • October 12Félix Julien, French footballer (b. 1884) • Shuja ul-Mulk, Indian ruler (b. 1881) • October 16Effie Adelaide Rowlands, British novelist (b. 1859) • October 19Lu Xun, leading figure of modern Chinese literature (b. 1881) • October 20Anne Sullivan, American teacher of Helen Keller (b. 1866) • October 26Rodney Heath, Australian tennis player (b. 1884) • October 29Ramiro de Maeztu, Spanish writer (assassinated) (b. 1875) November November 2Martin Lowry, English physical chemist (b. 1874) • November 7Walter L. Finn, American physician and politician (b. 1875) • Charles "Chic" Sale, American vaudevillian (b. 1885) • November 11Sir Edward German, English composer (b. 1862) • November 17John Bowers, American actor (b. 1885) • Alexandros Papanastasiou, 2-time prime minister of Greece (b. 1876) • November 20Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish anarchist (b. 1896) • José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Spanish fascist politician (executed) (b. 1903) • November 25Andrew Harper, Scottish–Australian biblical scholar, teacher (b. 1844) • November 27Edward Bach, British physician, homeopath and bacteriologist (b. 1886) December December 7Jean Mermoz, French aviator (b. 1901) • December 9Juan de la Cierva, Spanish civil engineer, aviator and aeronautical engineer, inventor of the autogyro (b. 1895) • Arvid Lindman, 12th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1862) • Lottie Pickford, Canadian actress (b. 1895) • December 10Bobby Abel, English cricketer (b. 1857) • Luigi Pirandello, Italian dramatist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867) • December 18Leonardo Torres Quevedo, Spanish engineer, a pioneer of computing and radio control, inventor of El Ajedrecista (The Chess Player) (b. 1852) • December 23, William Henry Harrison, English cricketer (b. 1866) • December 24Irene Fenwick, American actress (b. 1887) • December 25Carl Stumpf, German philosopher and psychologist (b. 1848) • December 26Percival G. Baldwin, American politician and businessman (b. 1880) • December 27Hans von Seeckt, German general (b. 1866) • December 29Lucy, Lady Houston, British philanthropist (b. 1857) • December 31Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish writer (b. 1864) == Nobel Prizes ==
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