List of state leaders in the 15th century

Africa: Central Angola • Kingdom of Kongo: Kilukeni (complete list) – :*Nanga, Manikongo (1410s) :*Nlaza, Manikongo (1430s) :*Nkuwu a Ntinu, Manikongo (1450s–1470) :*João I, Manikongo (1470–1509) Cameroon • Kingdom of Bamum (complete list) – :*Nchare Yen, Mfon (1394–1418) :*Ngoupou, Mfon (1418–1461) :*Monjou, Mfon (1461–1498) :*Mengap, Mfon (1498–1519) São Tomé and Príncipe • Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe (complete list) – :Colony, 1470–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Africa: East Great Lakes area :Rwanda • Kingdom of Rwanda (complete list) – :*Cyilima Rugwe, Mwami (?–c.1378) :*Kigeli I Mukobanya, Mwami (1378–1418) :*Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi, Mwami (15th century) :*Yuhi wa II Gahima II, Mwami (15th century) :*Ndahiro II Cyamatare, Mwami (1477–1510) :South Sudan • Shilluk Kingdom – :*Nyikang, Rädh (c.1490–1517) :Uganda • Buganda (complete list) – :*Kimera, Kabaka (c.1374–c.1404) :*Ttembo, Kabaka (c.1404–c.1434) :*Kiggala, Kabaka (c.1434–c.1464, c.1484–c.1494) :*Kiyimba, Kabaka (c.1464–c.1484) :*Kayima, Kabaka (c.1494–c.1524) Horn of Africa area :Ethiopia • Ethiopian Empire: Solomonic dynasty (complete list) – :*Dawit I, Emperor (1382–1413) :*Tewodros I, Emperor (1413–1414) :*Yeshaq I, Emperor (1414–1429) :*Andreyas, Emperor (1429–1430) :*Takla Maryam, Emperor (1430–1433) :*Sarwe Iyasus, Emperor (1433) :*Amda Iyasus, Emperor (1433–1434) :*Zara Yaqob, Emperor (1434–1468) :*Baeda Maryam I, Emperor (1468–1478) :*Eskender, Emperor (1478–1494) :*Amda Seyon II, Emperor (1494) :*Na'od, Emperor (1494–1508) • Kingdom of Kaffa (complete list) – :*Shongetato (also known as the Girra king), King (1425–1460) :*Odhe/Addiotato, King (1460–1495) :*Sadi or Shaddi/Shaditato, King (1495–1530) • Ennarea (complete list) – :*Kaba Seyon, Hinnare-tato (c.1450–1530) :Somalia • Adal Sultanate: Walashma dynasty (complete list) – :*Sabr ad-Din II, Sultan (1415–1422) :*Mansur ad-Din, Sultan (1422–1424) :*Jamal ad-Din II, Sultan (1424–1433) :*Badlay ibn Sa'ad ad-Din, Sultan (1433–1445) :*Muhammad ibn Badlay, Sultan (1445–1472) :*Shams ad-Din ibn Muhammad, Sultan (1472–1488) :*Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din, Sultan (1488–1518) • Sultanate of Ifat: Walashma dynasty (complete list) – :*Sa'ad ad-Din II, Sultan (1374–1403) • Warsangali Sultanate – :*Garaad Siciid, Sultan (1392–1409) :*Garaad Ahmed, Sultan (1409–1430) :*Garaad Siciid II, Sultan (1430–1450) :*Garaad Mohamud II, Sultan (1450–1479) :*Garaad Ciise II, Sultan (1479–1487) :*Garaad Omar, Sultan (1487–1495) :*Garaad Ali Dable, Sultan (1491–1503) Africa: Northeast Egypt • Abbasid Caliphate, Cairo (complete list) – :*al-Musta'in, Caliph (1406–1414) :*al-Mu'tadid II, Caliph (1414–1441) :*al-Mustakfi II, Caliph (1441–1451) :*al-Qa'im, Caliph (1451–1455) :*al-Mustanjid, Caliph (1455–1479) :*al-Mutawakkil II, Caliph (1479–1497) :*al-Mustamsik, Caliph (1497–1508, 1516–1517) • Mamluk Sultanate: Burji dynasty (complete list) – :*An-Nasir Faraj, Sultan (1399–1405) :*Izz ad-Din Abd al-Aziz, Sultan (1405) :*An-Nasir Faraj, Sultan (1405–1412) :*Al-Musta'in (Cairo), Sultan (1412) :*Shaykh al-Mahmudi, Sultan (1412–1421) :*Al-Muzaffar Ahmad, Sultan (1421) :*Sayf ad-Din Tatar, Sultan (1421) :*An-Nasir ad-Din Muhammad, Sultan (1421–1422) :*Barsbay, Sultan (1422–1438) :*Al-Aziz Jamal ad-Din Yusuf, Sultan (1438) :*Sayf ad-Din Jaqmaq, Sultan (1438–1453) :*Al-Mansur Fakhr-ad-Din Uthman, Sultan (1453) :*Sayf ad-Din Inal, Sultan (1453–1461) :*Al-Mu'ayyad Shihab al-Din Ahmad, Sultan (1461) :*Sayf ad-Din Khushqadam, Sultan (1461–1467) :*Sayf ad-Din Bilbay, Sultan (1467) :*Timurbugha, Sultan (1467–1468) :*Qaitbay, Sultan (1468–1496) :*An-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qaitbay, Sultan (1496–1498) :*Abu Sa'id Qansuh, Sultan (1498–1500) :*Al-Ashraf Janbalat, Sultan (1500–1501) Africa: Northcentral Ifriqiya • Hafsid dynasty (complete list) – :*Abd al-Aziz II, Khalif (1394–1434) :*Muhammad III, Khalif (1434–1436) :*Uthman, Khalif (1436–1488) :*Abu Zakariya Yahya, Khalif (1488–1489) :*Abd al-Mu'min (Hafsid), Khalif (1489–1490) :*Abu Yahya Zakariya, Khalif (1490–1494) :*Muhammad IV, Khalif (1494–1526) Africa: Northwest Morocco • Morocco (complete list) – ::Marinid dynasty :*Abu Said Uthman III, Sultan (1398–1420) :*Abd al-Haqq II, Sultan (1420–1465) ::Idrisid interlude :*Muhammad ibn Ali Amrani-Joutey, Sultan (1465–1471) ::Wattasid dynasty :*Muhammad ibn Yahya, Sultan (1472–1505) Africa: South Mozambique • Portuguese Mozambique (complete list) – :Colony, 1498–1972 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Zimbabwe • Kingdom of Mutapa (complete list) – :*Nyatsimba Mutota, Mwenemutapa (c.1430) :*Matope Nyanhehwe Nebedza, Mwenemutapa (c.1450–1480) :*Mavura Maobwe, Mwenemutapa (1480) :*Nyahuma Mukombero, Mwenemutapa (1480–1490) :*Changamire, Mwenemutapa (1490–1494) :*Chikuyo Chisamarengu, Mwenemutapa (1494–c.1530) • Rozvi Empire (complete list) – :*Changamire I, King (c.1480–1494) :*Changamire II, King (1494–1530) Africa: West Benin • Kingdom of Benin (complete list) – :*Orobiru, Oba (1397–1434) :*Uwaifiokun, Oba (1434–1440) :*Ezoti, Oba (1473–1474) :*Ewuare I, Oba (1440–1473) :*Olua, Oba (1475–1480) :*Ozolua, Oba (1480–1504) Burkina Faso • Mossi Kingdom of Nungu (complete list) – :*Tenin, Nunbado (1395–1425) :*Tokurma, Nunbado (1425–1470) :*Gima, Nunbado (1470–1520) Cape Verde • Portuguese Cape Verde (complete list) – :Colony, 1462–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Guinea-Bissau • Portuguese Guinea (complete list) – :Colony, 1474–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Mali • Mali Empire: Keita dynasty (complete list) – :*Musa III, Mansa (1400–c.1440) :*Uli II, Mansa (c.1440–1481) :*Mahmud II, Mansa (1481–1496) :*Mahmud III, Mansa (1496–1559) • Songhai Empire (complete list) – ::Sonni dynasty :*Sunni Souleïmân-Dâma, King (?–c.1464) :*Sonni Ali, King (1464–1492) :*Sonni Baru, King (1492–1493) ::Askiya dynasty :*Askia Mohammad I, King (1493–1529) Nigeria • Bornu Empire (Kanem–Bornu) (complete list) – :*Bir III, Mai (1383–1415) :*Uthman III Kaliwama, Mai (1415–1415) :*Dunama III, Mai (1415–1417) :*Abdallah III Dakumuni, Mai (1417–1425) :*Ibrahim II, Mai (1425–1433) :*Kaday III, Mai (1433–1434) :*Ahmad Dunama IV, Mai (1434–1438) :*Muhammad II, Mai (1438) :*Amr, Mai (1438–1439) :*Muhammad III, Mai (1439) :*Ghazi, Mai (1439–1444) :*Uthman IV, Mai (1444–1449) :*Umar II, Mai (1449–1450) :*Muhammad IV, Mai (1450–1455) :*Ali Gazi, Mai (1455–1487) :*Idris Katakarmabe, Mai (1487–1509) • Oyo Empire (complete list) – :*Kori, Alaafin (c.1400–?) :*Oluaso, Alaafin (?–c.1500) • Sultanate of Kano (complete list) – :*Kanejeji, Sultan (1390–1410) :*Umaru, Sultan (1410–1421) :*Daud, Sultan (1421–1438) :*Abdullah Burja, Sultan (1438–1452) :*Dakauta, Sultan (1452) :*Atuma, Sultan (1452) :*Yaquled (1452–1463) :*Muhammad Rumfa, Sultan (1463–1499) :*Abdullahi dan Rumfa, Sultan (1499–1509) • Kingdom of Nri (complete list) – :*Eze Nri Ọmalonyeso, King (1391–1464) :*Eze Nri Anyamata, King (1465–1511) Senegal • Jolof / Wolof Empire (complete list) – :*N'Diklam Sare, Buur-ba (1390–1420) :*Tyukuli N'Diklam, Buur-ba (1420–1440) :*Leeyti Tyukuli, Buur-ba (1440–1450) :*N'Dyelen Mbey Leeyti, Buur-ba (1450–1465) :*Birayma N'dyeme Eler, Buur-ba (1465–1481) :*Tase Daagulen, Buur-ba (1481–1488) :*Birayma Kuran Kan, Buur-ba (1488–1492) :*Bukaar Biye-Sungule, Buur-ba (1492–1527) • Saloum (complete list) – :*Mbegan Ndour, Maad Saloum (c.1493) ==Americas==

Americas: North Mexico • Azcapotzalco – :*Tezozomoc, Tlatoani (1353/71–1426) :*Tayatzin, Tlatoani (1426) :*Maxtla, Tlatoani (1426–1428/31) :*Temozomoc II, Tlatoani (1474–1499) :*Don Carlos Oquiztzin, Tlatoani (1499–c.1520) • Mixtec – :*Dzawindanda / Atonal (II), ruler (?–1458) • Tarascan state (complete list) – :*Hiripan, Cazonci (?–c.1430) :*Tangáxuan I, Cazonci (1430–1454) :*Tzitzipandáquare, Cazonci (1454–1479) :*Zuangua, Cazonci (1479–1520) • Tenochtitlan (complete list) – ::under the Tepanec suzerainty :*Huitzilihuitl, Tlatoani (1395-c.1417) :*Chimalpopoca, Tlatoani (1417–1426)(1427–1440) :*Moteuczomatzin Ilhuicamina, Hueyi Tlatoani () :*Axayacatl, Hueyi Tlatoani (1469–1481) :*Tizoc, Hueyi Tlatoani (1481–1486) :*Ahuitzotl, Hueyi Tlatoani (1486–1502) :*Zaachila – ::*Zaachila Yoo, King (1386–1415) ::*Zaachila II, King (1415–1454) ::*Zaachila III, King (1454–1487) ::*Cocijoeza / Cosijoeza, King (1487–1521) Americas: South Incas • Kingdom of Cusco (complete list) – :*Yawar Waqaq, Inca (c.1380–1410) :*Viracocha, Inca (c.1410–1438) • Inca Empire (complete list) – :*Pachacuti, Sapa Inca (1438–1471/72) :*Topa, Sapa Inca (1471–1493) :*Huayna Capac, Sapa Inca (1493–1525) Colombia • Muisca Confederation :*Zaque (complete list) – ::*Goranchacha, Zaque (?) ::*Hunzahúa, Zaque (?-1470) ::*Michuá, Zaque (1470-1490) ::*Quemuenchatocha, Zaque (1490-1537) :*Zipa (complete list) – ::*Menquetá, Zipa (?) ::*Meicuchuca, Zipa (1450-1470) ::*Saguamanchica, Zipa (1470-1490) ::*Nemequene, Zipa (1490-1514) ==Asia==

Asia: Central Kazakhstan • Western Chagatai Khanate (complete list) – :From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur :*Mahmud, Khan (1384–1402) • Moghulistan, Eastern Chagatai Khanate (complete list) – :*Shams-i-Jahan, Khan (1399–1408) :*Muhammad Khan (Khan of Moghulistan), Khan (1408–1415) :*Naqsh-i-Jahan, Khan (1415–1418) :*Awais Khan, Khan (1418–1421) :*Sher Muhammad, Khan (1421–1425) :*Awais Khan, Khan (1425–1429) :*Satuq Khan, Khan (1429–1434) :*Esen Buqa II, Khan (1429–1462) • Moghulistan, (complete list) – :*Yunus, Khan of Western Moghulistan (1462–1469) :*Dost Muhammad, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1462–1468) :*Kebek Oghlan, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1469) :*Yunus, Khan of All Moghulistan (1469–1487) :*Ahmad Alaq, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1487–1503) :*Mahmud, Khan of Western Moghulistan (1487–1508) • Kazakh Khanate (complete list) – :*Kerei, Khan (1456–1473) :*Janibek, Khan (1473–1480) :*Burunduk, Khan (1480–1511) • Kara Del :*Engke Temür, Khan (1393–1405) :Vassal of China, 1404–1430s :*Toqto, Khan (1405–1411) :*Mengli Temür, Khan (1411–1425) :Vassal of the Northern Yuan dynasty, 1430s–1455 :*Budaširi, Khan (1425–1439) :*Khalīl sulṭān, Khan (1439–1457) :Vassal of China, 1455–1457 :*Bürege, Khan (1457–1460) :*Nugandaširi, Khan (1460–1472) :*Baγ Temür, Rival Khan (1466–1472) :*Qanšin, Khan (1472–1488) :*Engke Bolad, Khan (1488–1492, 1493–1497) :*Šamba, Khan (1492–1493, 1497–1505) Russia • Golden Horde (complete list) – :*Shadi Beg, Khan (1399–1407), actual ruler was Edigu :*Pulad, Khan (1407–1410), actual ruler was Edigu :*Temür, Khan (1410–1412) :*Jalal ad-Din khan, Khan (1411–1412) :*Karim Berdi ibn Tokhtamysh, Khan (1412–1414) :*Kebek ibn Tokhtamysh, Khan (1414) :*Chokra ibn Akmyl, Khan (1414–1417) :*Jabbar Berdi, Khan (1417–1419) :*Olugh Mokhammad, Khan (1419–1421, 1428–1433) :*Dawlat Berdi, Khan (1419–1421, 1427–1432) :*Baraq, Khan (1422–1427) :*Seyid Akhmed, Khan (1433–1435) :*Küchük Muhammad, Khan (1435–1459) • Great Horde (complete list) – :*Mahmud, Khan (1459–1465) :*Ahmed, Khan (1465–1481) :*Shayk Ahmad, Khan (1481–1498, 1499–1502) :*Murtada, Khan (1498–1499) • Khanate of Sibir (complete list) – :*Tokhtamysh, Khan (1396–1406) :*Chekre Khan, Khan (1407–1413) :*Hadji Muhammad, Khan (1420–1428) :*Abu'l-Khayr, Khan (1428–1468) :*Mar, Khan (1468–1480) :*Ibak, Khan (1468–1495) :*Mamuq of Kazan, Khan (1495–1496) :*Abalak of Sibir, Khan (1496–1501) :*Muhammad Taibuga, Khan (1495–1502) • White Horde (complete list) – :*Baraq, Khan (1423–1428) :*Muhammed, Khan (1428–1431) :*Mustafa, Khan (1431–1446) Tibet • Guge :*rNam rgyal lde, King (1396?–1424) :*Nam mkha'i dBang po Phun tshogs lde, King (1424–1449) :*rNam ri Sang rgyas lde, King (1449–?) :*bLo bzang Rab brtan, King (?–c.1485) :*sTod tsha 'Phags pa lha, King (c.1485–post–1499) • Phagmodrupa dynasty (complete list) – :*Drakpa Gyaltsen, Monarch (1385–1432) :*Drakpa Jungne, Monarch (1432–1445) :*Kunga Lekpa, Monarch (1448–1481) :*Ngagi Wangpo, Monarch (1481–1491) :*Tsokye Dorje, Monarch (1491–1499) :*Ngawang Tashi Drakpa, Monarch (1499–1554) • Rinpungpa (complete list) – :*Norzang, Monarch (1435–1466) :*Kunzang, Monarch (1466–c.1479) :*Donyo Dorje, Monarch (c.1479–1512) Uzbekistan • Khanate of Bukhara: Shaybanid dynasty – :*Abu'l-Khayr, Khan (1428–1468) :*Abul-Khayr, Khan (1428–1468) :*Shah Budagh, Khan (1468) :*Muhammad Shayabak, Khan (1500–1510) Asia: East China: Ming dynasty • Ming dynasty (complete list) – :*Jianwen, Emperor (1398–1402) :*Yongle, Emperor (1402–1424) :*Hongxi, Emperor (1424–1425) :*Xuande, Emperor (1425–1435) :*Yingzong, Emperor (1435–1449, 1457–1464) :*Jingtai, Emperor (1449–1457) :*Yingzong, Emperor (1435–1449, 1457–1464) :*Chenghua, Emperor (1464–1487) :*Hongzhi, Emperor (1487–1505) Japan: Main • Ashikaga shogunate of Japan :*Emperors (complete list) – ::*Go-Komatsu, Emperor (1392–1412) ::*Shōkō, Emperor (1412–1428) ::*Go-Hanazono, Emperor (1428–1464) ::*Go-Tsuchimikado, Emperor (1464–1500) :*Shōguns – ::*Yoshimochi, Shōgun (1395–1423) ::*Yoshikazu, Shōgun (1423–1425) ::*Yoshinori, Shōgun (1428–1441) ::*Yoshikatsu, Shōgun (1442–1443) ::*Yoshimasa, Shōgun (1449–1474) ::*Yoshihisa, Shōgun (1474–1489) ::*Yoshitane, Shōgun (1490–1493) ::*Yoshizumi, Shōgun (1493–1508) Japan: Ryukyu • Chūzan: Ryukyu Kingdoms of the Sanzan period – :Tributary state of the Ming dynasty :*Bunei, Chief (1398–1406) • Nanzan: Ryukyu Kingdoms of the Sanzan period – :Tributary state of the Ming dynasty :*Oueishi, Chief (1388–1402) :*Ououso, Chief (1403–1413) :*Tafuchi, Chief (1413–1414) :*Taromai, Chief (1415–1429) • Hokuzan: Ryukyu Kingdoms of the Sanzan period – :Tributary state of the Ming dynasty :*Hananchi, Chief (1401–1416) • Ryukyu Kingdom – :First Shō dynasty :*Shō Shishō, Chief (1406–1421) :*Shō Hashi, Chief (1422–1429), King (1429–1439) :Tributary state of the Ming dynasty, 1429–1644 :*Shō Chū, King (1439–1444) :*Shō Shitatsu, King (1444–1449) :*Shō Kinpuku, King (1449–1453) :*Shō Taikyū, King (1454–1460) :*Shō Toku, King (1460–1469) :Second Shō dynasty :*Shō En, King (1469–1476) :*Shō Sen'i, King (1477) :*Shō Shin, King (1477–1526) Korea • Joseon (complete list) – :*Taejong, King (1400–1418) :*Sejong the Great, King (1418–1450) :*Munjong, King (1450–1452) :*Danjong, King (1452–1455) :*Sejo, King (1455–1468) :*Yejong, King (1468–1469) :*Seongjong, King (1469–1494) :*Yeonsangun, King (1494–1506) Mongolia • Alliance of the Four Oirat (complete list) – :*Batula, leader (1399–1408) :*Togoon Taishi, leader (1408–1438) :*Esen, leader (1438–1454) :*Amasanj, leader (1454–1455) :*Ishtömör (Ush-Temür), leader (1455–1469) • Northern Yuan dynasty (complete list) – :*Gün Temür, Khan (1400–1402) :*Örüg Temür, Khan (1402–1408) :*Öljei Temür, Khan (1408–1412) :*Delbeg, Khan (1412–1415) :*Oyiradai, Khan (1415–1425) :*Adai, Khan (1425–1438) :*Tayisung Toghtoa Bukha, Khan (1433–1452) :*Agbarjin, Khan (1453) :*Esen taishi, Khan (1453–1454) :*Markörgis, Khan (1454–1465) :*Molon, Khan (1465–1466) :*Manduul, Khan (1475–1478) :*Dayan, Khan (1478–1516) Asia: Southeast Brunei • Bruneian Empire (complete list) – :*Muhammad Shah, Sultan (1368–1402) :*Abdul Majid Hassan, Sultan (1402–1408) :*Ahmad, Sultan (1408–1425) :*Sharif Ali, Sultan (1425–1432) :*Sulaiman, Sultan (1432–1485) :*Bolkiah, Sultan (1485–1524) Cambodia • Khmer Empire (complete list) – :*In Reachea, King (1394–c.1421) :*Ponhea Yat, King of Khmer Empire (1405–1431), King of Cambodia (1431–1463) • Kingdom of Cambodia: Middle Period (complete list) – :*Ponhea Yat, King of Khmer Empire (1405–1431), King of Cambodia (1431–1463) :*Noreay Ramathipatei, King (1463–1469) :*Reachea Ramathipatei, King (1469–1475) :*Srei Soriyotei II, King (1472–1475) :*Thommo Reachea I, King (1476–1504) Indonesia :Indonesia: Java • Sunda Kingdom (complete list) – :*Prabu Raja Wastu, Maharaja (1371–1475) :*Prabu Susuk tunggal, Maharaja (1475–1482) :*Sri Baduga, Maharaja (1482–1521) • Majapahit: Rajasa dynasty (complete list) – :*Wikramawardhana, King (1389–1429) :*Suhita, Queen (1429–1447)) :*Bhre Kertabhumi, King (1468–1478) :*Girindrawardhana, King (1478–1489) :*Prabu Udara, King (1489–1517) • Tuban – :*Sira Lena, King (14th/15th century) :*Raden Arya Dikara, King (15th century) :*Arya Teja, King (15th century) • Sultanate of Cirebon (complete list) – :*Cakrabuana, Prince (1445–1479) :*Sunan Gunungjati, Sultan (1479–1568) :Indonesia: Sumatra • Samudera Pasai Sultanate (complete list) – :*Zainal Abidin I, Sultan (1349–1406) :*Nahrasyiyah, Queen (1406–1428) :*Zainal Abidin II, Sultan (1428–1438) :*Shalahuddin, Sultan (1438–1462) :*Ahmad II, Sultan (1462–1464) :*Abu Zaid Ahmad III, Sultan (1464–1466) :*Ahmad IV, Sultan (1466–1466) :*Mahmud, Sultan (1466–1468) :*Zainal Abidin III, Sultan (1468–1474) :*Muhammad Syah II, Sultan (1474–1495) :*Al-Kamil, Sultan (1495–1495) :*Adlullah, Sultan (1495–1506) :Indonesia: Kalimantan (Borneo) • Negara Daha – :*Sari Kaburangan, Maharaja (15th century) :*Sukarama, Maharaja (15th century) :*Mangkubumi, Maharaja (15th/16th century) :Indonesia: Sulawesi • Gowa-Tallo – :*I Puang Lowe Lembang, King (14th/15th century) :*I Tuniatabanri, King (15th century) :*Karampang ri Gowa, King (15th century) :*Tunatangka Lopi, King (15th century) :*Batara Gowa, King (15th/16th century) • Luwu – :*Tanra Balusu, Datu (1365–1402) :*Toampanangi, Datu (1402–1426) :*Batara Guru II, Datu (1426–1458) :*La Mariawa, Datu (1458–1465) :*Risaolebbi, Datu (1465–1507) :Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands • Bali Kingdom: Samprangan (complete list) – :*Dalem Samprangan, King (14th/15th century) :Indonesia: Maluku Islands • Sultanate of Bacan (complete list) – :*Muhammad Bakir, Sultan (c.1500) • Sultanate of Tidore (complete list) – :*Matagena, King (1372–1405) :*Jamaluddin/Ciri Leliati, Sultan (1495–1512) • Sultanate of Ternate (complete list) – :*Komala Pulu/ Bessi Muhammad Hassan, King (1377–1432) :*Marhum/ Gapi Baguna II, King (1432–1486) :*Zainal Abidin, Sultan (1486–1500) :*Bayanullah, Sultan (1500–1522) Laos • Lan Xang (complete list) – :*Samsenethai, King (1373–1416) :*Lan Kham Deng, King (1416–1428) :*Phommathat, King (1428–1429) :*Yukhon, King (1429–1430) :*Khon Kham, King (1430–1432) :*Kham Tam Sa, King (1432) :*Lusai, King (1432–1433) :*Khai Bua Ban, King (1433–1436) :*Kham Keut, King (1436–1438) :*Nang Keo Phimpha, Queen (1438) :*Chakkaphat Phaen Phaeo, King (1442–1480) :*Souvanna Banlang, King (1479–1486) :*La Sen Thai, King (1485–1496) :*Somphou, King (1496–1501) Malaysia: Peninsula • Kedah Sultanate (complete list) – :*Sulaiman Shah I, Sultan (1373–1423) :*Ataullah Muhammad Shah I, Sultan (1423–1473) :*Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah I, Sultan (1473–1506) • Kelantan Sultanate: Jambi dynasty (complete list) – :*Baki Shah, Sultan (1362–1418) :*Sadik Muhammad Shah, Sultan (1418–1429) :*Iskandar Shah, Sultan (1429–1467) :*Mansur Shah, Sultan (1467–1522) • Malacca Sultanate :*Sultans – ::*Parameswara, Raja of Singapura (1389–1398), Sultan of Malacca (1400–1414) ::*Megat Iskandar Shah, Sultan (1414–1424) ::*Muhammad Shah, Sultan (1424–1444) ::*Abu Syahid Shah, Sultan (1444–1446) ::*Muzaffar Shah, Sultan (1445–1459) ::*Mansur Shah, Sultan (1459–1477) ::*Alauddin Riayat Shah, Sultan (1477–1488) ::*Mahmud Shah, Sultan (1488–1511, 1513–1528) :*Bendaharas – ::*Tun Perpatih Permuka Berjajar, Bendahara (1400–1412) ::*Tun Perpatih Sedang, Bendahara (?–1445) ::*Tun Ali, Bendahara (1445–1456) ::*Tun Perak, Bendahara (1456–1498) ::*Tun Perpatih Putih, Bendahara (1498–1500) • Old Pahang Kingdom – :*Parameswara Teluk Chini, Maharaja (c.1411) :*Dewa Sura, Maharaja (?–1454) • Pahang Sultanate (complete list) – :*Muhammad Shah, Sultan (1470–1475) :*Ahmad Shah, Sultan (1475–1495) :*Abdul Jamil Shah, Sultan (1495–1512) :*Mansur Shah I, Sultan (1495–1519) Myanmar / Burma • Kingdom of Ava (complete list) – :*Minkhaung I, King (1400–1421) :*Thihathu, King (1421–1425) :*Min Hla, King (1425) :*Kale Kye-Taung Nyo, King (1425–1426) :*Mohnyin Thado, King (1426–1439) :*Minye Kyawswa I, King (1439–1442) :*Narapati I, King (1442–1468) :*Thihathura, King (1468–1480) :*Minkhaung II, King (1480–1501) :*Thihathura II, Co-King (1485–1501) • Hanthawaddy kingdom (complete list) – :*Razadarit, King (1384–1421) :*Binnya Dhammaraza, King (1421–1424) :*Binnya Ran I, King (1424–1446) :*Binnya Waru, King (1446–1451) :*Binnya Kyan, King (1451–1453) :*Leik Munhtaw, King (1453–1454) :*Shin Sawbu, Queen (1454–1471) :*Dhammazedi, King (1471–1492) :*Binnya Ran II, King (1492–1526) • Kengtung (complete list) – :*艾乌萨, Saopha (1390–1403) :*伊康伽, Saopha (1403–1416) :*Sao Shan, Saopha (1416–1441) :*Sao Shan Sili, Saopha (1441–1456) :*艾劳康, Saopha (1456–1474) :*Ai Lao (艾劳), Saopha (1474–1501) • Mongyang – :*Sawlon the Elder, Saopha (c.1482–?) • Kingdom of Mrauk U (complete list) – :*Min Saw Mon, King (1429–1433) :*Min Khayi, King (1433–1459) :*Ba Saw Phyu, King (1459–1482) :*Min Dawlya, King (1482–1492) :*Ba Saw Nyo, King (1492–1494) :*Min Ran Aung, King (1494) :*Salingathu, King (1494–1502) • Prome Kingdom (complete list) – :*Thado Minsaw, King (1482–1526) Philippines • Tondo (complete list) – :*Gambang, Rajah (c.1390–1417) :*Suko, Rajah (1417–1430) :*Lontok, Rajah (1430–1450) :*Dayang Kalangitan, Queen (1450–c.1515) • Madja-as (complete list) – :*Kalantiaw, Datu (1365–1437) :*Manduyog, Datu (1437–?) :*Padojinog, Datu (15th/16th century) • Rajahnate of Cebu – :*Bantug, Rajah (c.15th century) :*Parang the Limp, Rajah (15th/16th century) • Caboloan (complete list) – :*Kamayin, King (1406–1408) :*Taymey, King (1408–1409) :*Liyu, King (1409–?) • Sultanate of Sulu (complete list) – :*Sharif ul-Hāshim, Sultan (1405–?) :*Kamal ud-Din, Sultan (1480–1505) Thailand • Lan Na: Mangrai dynasty (complete list) – :*Saenmueangma, King (1385–1401) :*Samfangkaen, King (1402–1441) :*Tilokkarat, King (1441–1487) :*Yotchiangrai, King (1487–1495) :*Kaew, King (1495–1525) • Sukhothai Kingdom (complete list) – :*Maha Thammaracha III, King (1400–1419) :*Maha Thammaracha IV, King (1419–1438) • Ayutthaya Kingdom (complete list) – :Uthong dynasty :*Ramrachathirat, King (1395–1409) :Suphannaphum dynasty :*Intharacha, King (1409–1424) :*Borommarachathirat II, King (1424–1448) :*Borommatrailokkanat, King (1448–1488) :*Borommaracha III, King (1488–1491) :*Ramathibodi II, King (1491–1529) Vietnam • Champa (complete list) – :*Jaya Simhavarman V, King (1400–1441) :*Maija Vijaya, King (1441–1446) :*Moho Kouei-Lai, King (1446–1449) :*Moho Kouei-Yeou, King (1449–1458) :*Moho P'an-Lo-Yue, King (1458–1460) :*P'an-Lo T'ou-Ts'iuan, King (1460–1471) • Đại Việt: Hồ dynasty (complete list) – :*Hồ Quý Ly, Emperor (1400–1401) :*Hồ Hán Thương, Emperor (1401–1407) • Đại Việt: Later Trần dynasty (complete list) – :*Giản Định Đế, Emperor (1407–1409) :*Trùng Quang Đế, Emperor (1409–1414) :*Trần Cảo, (puppet) Emperor (1426–1428) • Đại Việt: Later Lê dynasty (complete list) – :*Lê Lợi, Emperor (1428–1433) :*Lê Thái Tông, Emperor (1433–1442) :*Lê Nhân Tông, Emperor (1442–1459) :*Lê Nghi Dân, Emperor (1459–1460) :*Lê Thánh Tông, Emperor (1460–1497) :*Lê Hiến Tông, Emperor (1497–1504) Asia: South Asia: West Oman • Nabhani dynasty (complete list) – :*Makhzum bin al Fallah, Malik (1406–1435) :*Abul Hassan of Oman, Malik (1435–1451) :*Omar bin al Khattab, Malik (1451–1490) :*Omar al Sharif, Malik (1490–1500) :*Muhammad bin Ismail, Malik (1500–1529) Turkey • Ottoman Empire :*Sultans – ::*Bayezid I, Sultan (1389–1402) ::*Mehmed I, Sultan (1413–1421) ::*Murad II, Sultan (1421–1444, 1446–1451) ::*Mehmed II, Sultan (1444–1446, 1451–1481) ::*Bayezid II, Sultan (1481–1512) :*Grand Viziers – ::*Zagan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1453–1456) ::*Veli Mahmud Pasha, Grand Vizier (1456–1466) ::*Rum Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1466–1469) ::*Ishak Pasha, Grand Vizier (1469–1472) ::*Veli Mahmud Pasha, Grand Vizier (1472–1474) ::*Gedik Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1474–1477) ::*Karamani Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1477–1481) ::*Ishak Pasha, Grand Vizier (1481–1482) ::*Koca Davud Pasha, Grand Vizier (1482–1497) ::*Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1497–1498) ::*Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger, Grand Vizier (1498–1499) ::*Yakub Pasha, Grand Vizier (1499–1501) Yemen • Kathiri State of Seiyun – :*Badr as-Sahab ibn al-Habrali Bu Tuwairik, Sultan (1395–1430) :*Muhammad ibn 'Ali, Sultan (c.1430–c.1450) :*Dscha'far ibn 'Abdallah, Sultan (c.1493) • Yemeni Zaidi State (complete list) – :*al-Mansur Ali bin Salah ad-Din, Imam (1391–1436) :*al-Hadi Ali, Imam (1393–1432) :*al-Mahdi Salah ad-Din, Imam (1436–1445) :*al-Mansur an-Nasir, Imam (1436–1462) :*al-Mutawakkil al-Mutahhar, Imam (1436–1474) :*al-Mu’ayyad Muhammad, Imam (1462–1503) :*an-Nasir Muhammad bin Yusuf, Imam (1474–1488) :*al-Hadi Izz ad-Din, Imam (1474–1495) :*al-Mansur Muhammad, Imam (1475–1504) :*an-Nasir al-Hasan, Imam (1495–1523) ==Europe==

Europe: Balkans • Principality of Achaea (complete list) – :*Pedro de San Superano, Prince (1396–1402) :*Maria, Princess (1402–1404) :*Centurione, Prince (1404–1430) • Duchy of the Archipelago (complete list) – :*Giacomo I, Duke (1397–1418) :*Giovanni II, Duke (1418–1433) :*Giacomo II, Duke (1433–1447) :*Gian Giacomo, Duke (1447–1453) :*Guglielmo II, Duke (1453–1463) :*Francesco II, Duke (1463) :*Giacomo III, Duke (1463–1480) :*Giovanni III, Duke (1480–1494) :*Francesco III, Duke (1500–1511) • Byzantine Empire (complete list) – :*Manuel II Palaiologos, Emperor (1391–1425) :*Andronikos V Palaiologos, Emperor (c.1403–1407) :*John VIII Palaiologos, Emperor (1425–1448) :*Constantine XI Palaiologos, Emperor (1449–1453) • Despotate of the Morea (complete list) – :*Theodore I Palaiologos, Despot (1383–1407) :*Theodore II Palaiologos, Despot (1407–1443) :*Constantine Palaiologos, Despot (1428–1449) :*Thomas Palaiologos, Despot (1428–1460) :*Demetrios II Palaiologos, Despot (1449–1460) • Hospitaller Rhodes: Knights Hospitaller (complete list) – :*Philibert de Naillac, Grand Master (1396–1421) :*Anton Flavian de Ripa, Grand Master (1421–1437) :*Jean de Lastic, Grand Master (1437–1454) :*Jacques de Milly, Grand Master (1454–1461) :*Piero Raimondo Zacosta, Grand Master (1461–1467) :*Giovanni Battista Orsini, Grand Master (1467–1476) :*Pierre d'Aubusson, Grand Master (1476–1503) • Moravian Serbia/Serbian Despotate (complete list) – :*Stefan Lazarević, Prince (1389–1402), Despot (1402–1427) :*Đurađ Branković, Despot (1427–1456) :*Lazar Branković, Despot (1456–1458) :*Stefan Branković, Despot (1458–1459) :*Stephen Tomašević, Despot (1459) • Republic of Ragusa (complete list) – :*Vittorio Bobali, Rector (1403–1417) :*Džono Andra Bobali and Simo Benessa, Rector (1500–1501) Europe: British Isles Scotland • Kingdom of Scotland (complete list) – :*Robert III, King (1390–1406) :*James I, King (1406–1437) :*James II, King (1437–1460) :*James III, King (1460–1488) :*James IV, King (1488–1513) England and Ireland • Kingdom of England and Lordship of Ireland (complete list) – :*Henry IV, King and Lord (1399–1413) :*Henry V, King and Lord (1413–1422) :*John of Lancaster, Regent (1422–1429) :*Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, Regent (1422–1437) :*Henry Beaufort, Regent (1422–1437) :*Richard Plantagenet, Regent (1454–1456) :*Henry VI, King and Lord (1422–1461, 1470–1471) :*Edward IV, King and Lord (1461–1470, 1471–1483) :*Edward V, King and Lord (1483) :*Richard III, King and Lord (1483–1485) :*Henry VII, King and Lord (1485–1509) Ireland • Airgíalla (complete list) – :*Pilib Ruadh mac Briain, King (1371–1403) :*Ardghal mac Briain, King (1403–1416) :*Brian mac Ardghail, King (1416–1442) :*Ruaidhri mac Ardghail, King (1442–1446) :*Aodh Ruadh mac Ruaidhri, King (1446–1453) :*Feidhlimidh mac Briain, King (1453–1466) :*Eochan mac Ruaidhri, King (1466–1467) :*Reamonn mac Ruaidhri, King (1467–1484) :*Aodh Óg mac Aodha Ruaidh, King (1485–1496) :*Brian mac Reamoinn, King (1496–1497) :*Rossa mac Maghnusa, King (1497–1513) • East Breifne (complete list) – :*Maelmordha, ruler (1403–1411) :*Richard, ruler (1411–1418) :*Owen, ruler (1418–1449) :*Farrell, ruler (1450) :*John, ruler (1450–1460) :*Cathal O'Reilly, ruler (1467) :*Turlough, ruler (1468–1487) :*John, son of Turlough O'Reilly, ruler (1487–1491) :*John, son of Cathal O'Reilly, ruler (1491–1510) • West Breifne (complete list) – :*Tigernán mór Ó Ruairc, King (1376–1418) :*Aodh buidhe Ó Ruairc, King (1418–1419) :*Tadhg Ó Ruairc, King (1419–1424) :*Art Ó Ruairc, King (1419–1424) :*Tadhg Ó Ruairc, King (1424–1435) :*Lochlann Ó Ruairc, King (1435–1458) :*Donnchadh bacagh Ó Ruairc, King (1435–1445) :*Donnchadh Ó Ruairc, King (1445–1449) :*Tigernán óg Ó Ruairc, King (1449–1468) :*Donnchadh losc Ó Ruairce, King (1468–1476) :*Domnall Ó Ruairc, King (1468–1476,) :*Feidhlimidh Ó Ruairc, King (1476–1500) :*Eóghan Ó Ruairc, King (1500–1528) • Leinster (complete list) – :*Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1375–1417) :*Donnchadh mac Art mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1417–1478) :*Domhnall Riabhach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1478) :*Muircheartach mac Donnchadh mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1478–1512) • Magh Luirg (complete list) – :*Conchobair Óg mac Diarmata, King (1398–1404) :*Ruaidri Caech mac Diarmata, King (1404–1421) :*Tomaltach an Einigh mac Diarmata, King (1421–1458) :*Aedh mac Diarmata, King (1458–1465) :*Conochobar Óg mac Diarmata, King (1456–1478) :*Ruaidri Óg mac Diarmata, King (1478–1486) :*Conchobair mac Diarmata, King (1486–1497) :*Tadhg mac Diarmata, King (1497–1499) :*Cormac mac Diarmata, King (1499–1528) • Síol Anmchadha (complete list) – :*Eoghan Mór Ó Madadhan, Lord (1371–1410) :*Murcadh Ó Madadhan, Lord (1410–1451) :*Eoghan Carrach Ó Madadhan, Lord (1451–?) :*Murchadh Reagh Ó Madadhan, Lord (?–1475) :*Owen Ó Madadhan, Lord (1475–c.1479) :*Breasal Ó Madadhan, Lord (c.1479–1526) Europe: Central • Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Germany (complete list, complete list) – :*Rupert, King (1400–1410) :*Jobst of Moravia, contested King (1410–1411) :*Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (1433–1437), King (1410–1437) :*Albert II, King (1438–1439) :*Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (1452–1493), King (1440–1493) :*Maximilian I, Emperor Elect (1508–1519), King (1486–1519) Austria • Habsburg monarchy (complete list) – ::Habsburg monarchs ruled under numerous simultaneous titles :*Frederick III, (1452–1493) :*Maximilian I, (1493–1519) Hungary • Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526) (complete list) – :*Sigismund, King (1387–1437) :*Albert, King (1437–1439) :*Ladislaus V, King (1440–1457) :*Vladislaus I, King (1440–1444) :*Matthias I, King (1458–1490) :*Vladislaus II, King (1490–1516) Poland • Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569) (complete list) – :*Władysław II Jagiełło, King (1386–1434) :*Władysław III of Varna, King (1434–1444) :*Casimir IV, King (1447–1492) :*John I Albert, King (1492–1501) • Duchy of Opole (complete list) – :*Władysław II, Duke (1356–1401) :*Bernard, co-Duke (1396–1400) :*Bolko IV, Duke (1396–1437) :*Jan I, co-Duke (1437–1439) :*Nicholas I, Duke (1437–1476) :*Louis, co-Duke (1476) :*Nicholas II, co-Duke (1476) :*Jan II the Good, Duke (1476–1532) • Duchy of Masovia: Płock and Rawa (complete list) – :*Siemowit IV the Younger, Duke of Płock and Rawa (1381–1426) :*Trojden II, co-Duke of Płock and Rawa (1426–1427) :*Siemowit V, co-Duke of Płock and Rawa (1426–1434), Duke of Rawa (1434–1442) :*Casimir II, co-Duke of Płock and Rawa (1426–1434), Duke of Bełz (1434–1442) :*Władysław I, co-Duke of Płock and Rawa (1426–1434), Duke of Płock (1434–1442), of Płock and Rawa-Rawa (1442–1455) :*Margareta of Opava-Ráciborz, Duchess of Rawa-Gostynin (1442–1459) :*Anna of Oleśnica, Paul Giżycki, Regents of Płock and Rawa-Rawa (1455–1459) :*Siemowit VI, co-Duke of Płock and Rawa (1455–1462) :*Władysław II, co-Duke of Płock and Rawa (1459–1462) :*Casimir III, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Płock (1471–1475) :*Janusz II, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Płock (1475–1495) • Duchy of Masovia: Warsaw (complete list) – :*Janusz I the Elder, Duke (1381–1429) :*Anna of Lithuania, Regent (1429–1436) :*Bolesław IV, Duke (1429–1454) :*Barbara Aleksandrówna, Regent (1454–1462) :*Paul Giżycki, Regent (1454–1462) :*Casimir III, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Płock (1471–1475) :*Bolesław V, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Warsaw (1471–1488) :*Janusz II, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Płock (1475–1495) :*Konrad III the Rudy, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Czersk (1471–1495), of Warsaw (1488–1495), of Masovia (1495–1503) • Duchy of Masovia (complete list) – :*Konrad III the Rudy, co-Duke of Warsaw (1454–1462), of Masovia (1462–1471), Duke of Czersk (1471–1495), of Warsaw (1488–1495), of Masovia (1495–1503) • State of the Teutonic Order (complete list) – :*Konrad von Jungingen, Grand Master (1393–1407) :*Ulrich von Jungingen, Grand Master (1407–1410) :*Heinrich von Plauen, Grand Master (1410–1413) :*Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg, Grand Master (1414–1422) :*Paul von Rusdorf, Grand Master (1422–1441) :*Konrad von Erlichshausen, Grand Master (1441–1449) :*Ludwig von Erlichshausen, Grand Master (1450–1467) :*Heinrich Reuß von Plauen, Grand Master (1467–1470) :*Heinrich Reffle von Richtenberg, Grand Master (1470–1477) :*Martin Truchseß von Wetzhausen, Grand Master (1477–1489) :*Johann von Tiefen, Grand Master (1489–1497) :*Frederick, Duke of Saxony, Grand Master (1497–1510) Europe: East • Crimean Khanate (complete list) – :*Hacı I Giray, Khan (1441–1466) :*Nur Devlet, Khan (1466–1467) :*Meñli I Giray, Khan (1467) :*Nur Devlet, Khan (1467–1469) :*Meñli I Giray, Khan (1469–1475) :*Hayder, Khan (1475) :*Nur Devlet, Khan (1475–1476) :*Meñli I Giray, Khan (1478–1515) • Khanate of Kazan (complete list) – :*Olugh Mokhammad, Khan (1438–1446) :*Mäxmüd, Khan (1445–1466) :*Xälil, Khan (1466–1467) :*Ibrahim, Khan (1467–1479) :*Ilham Ghali, Khan (1479–1484, 1485–1487) :*Möxämmädämin, Khan (1484–1485, 1487–1495, 1502–1518) :*Mamuq, Khan (1495–1496) :*Ghabdellatif, Khan (1496–1502) • Moldavia (complete list) – :*Alexandru I the Good, Voivode (1400–1432) :*Iliaș I, Voivode (1432–1433, 1435–1443) :*Ștefan II, Voivode (1433–1435, 1435–1447) :*Petru III, Voivode (1444–1445, 1447, 1448) :*Roman II, Voivode (1447, 1447–1448) :*Csupor de Monoszló, usurper Prince (1448) :*Alexandru II, Voivode (1448–1449, 1452–1454, 1455) :*Bogdan II, Voivode (1449–1451) :*Petru IV Aron, Voivode (1451–1452, 1454–1454/55, 1455–1457) :*Ștefan III the Great, Voivode (1457–1504) • Grand Duchy of Moscow (complete list) – :*Vasily I, Grand prince (1389–1425) :*Vasily II, Grand prince (1425–1434) :*Yury of Zvenigorod, Grand prince (1434) :*Vasily Kosoy, Grand prince (1434–1435) :*Vasily II, Grand prince (1435–1446) :*Dmitry Shemyaka, Grand prince (1446–1447) :*Vasily II, Grand prince (1447–1462) :*Ivan III the Great, Grand prince (1462–1505) • Qasim Khanate (complete list) – :*Qasim ibn Ulugh Muhammad, Khan/ Sultan (1445–1468) :*Daniyal ibn Qasim, Sultan (1468–1486) :*Nur Devlet, Khan (1486–1491) :*Satylghan ibn Nur Daulat, Sultan (1491–1506) • Principality of Theodoro/Gothia :* ( –1402) :* (1402–1434) :* (1434–1444) :* (1444–1460) :* (1471–1474) :* (1474–1475) • Principality of Wallachia (complete list) – :*Mihail I, Prince (1418–1420) :*Radu II the Bald, Prince (1420–1422, 1426–1427 • Duchy of Modena, Reggio, and Ferrara (complete list) – :*Borso, Marquis(1450–1452), Duke (1452–1471) :*Ercole I, Duke (1471–1505) • March of Montferrat (complete list) – :*Theodore II, Marquis (1381–1418) :*John Jacob, Marquis (1418–1445) :*John IV, Marquis (1445–1464) :*William VIII, Marquis (1464–1483) :*Boniface III, Marquis (1483–1494) :*William IX, Marquis (1494–1518) • Papal States (complete list) – :*Boniface IX, Pope (1389–1404) :*Innocent VII, Pope (1404–1406) :*Gregory XII, Pope (1406–1415) :*Martin V, Pope (1417–1431) :*Eugene IV, Pope (1431–1447) :*Nicholas V, Pope (1447–1455) :*Callixtus III, Pope (1455–1458) :*Pius II, Pope (1458–1464) :*Paul II, Pope (1464–1471) :*Sixtus IV, Pope (1471–1484) :*Innocent VIII, Pope (1484–1492) :*Alexander VI, Pope (1492–1503) • San Marino :*Captains Regent (1243–1500) – ::*Ugolino di Giovanni, Betto di Guerolo, Captains Regent (1400–1401) ::*Giovanni di Francesco, Bettino di Paolo, Captains Regent (1401) ::*Bartolino di Antonio, Michelino di Paoluccio, Captains Regent (1401–1402) ::*Gozio di Mucciolino, Landolino di Nicolino, Captains Regent (1402) ::*Simone di Menghino, Rigone di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1402–1403) ::*Vita di Corbello, Simone di Belluzzo, Captains Regent (1403) ::*Martino di Guerolo de' Pistorj, Antonio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1403–1404) ::*Paolino di Giovanni Bianco, Betto di Tura, Captains Regent (1404) ::*Antonio di Tegna, Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Captains Regent (1404–1405) ::*Giovanni di Guidino, Bettino di Paolo, Michele di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1405) ::*Marino di Ghino, Foschino di Benedetto Madroni, Captains Regent (1405–1406) ::*Giovanni di Francesco de' Pistorj, Giovanni di Nino de' Gherardi, Captains Regent (1406) ::*Antonio Lunardini, Giovanni di Pasino, Captains Regent (1406–1407) ::*Gozio di Mucciolino, Giovanni di Cecco di Alessandro, Captains Regent (1407) ::*Paolino di Giovanni di Bianco, Michelino di Paoluccio, Captains Regent (1407–1408) ::*Bartolino di Antonio, Michelino di Berardo, Captains Regent (1408) ::*Simone di Menghino de' Calcigni, Benedetto di Tosetto, Captains Regent (1408–1409) ::*Giovanni di Francesco, Giacomino di Paolo, Captains Regent (1409) ::*Rigone di Giovanni, Antonio di Tegna, Captains Regent (1409–1410) ::*Vita di Corbello, Bettino di Paolo, Captains Regent (1410) ::*Michelino di Paoluccio, Sante Lunardini, Captains Regent (1410–1411) ::*Simone di Belluzzo, Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Captains Regent (1411) ::*Paolo di Carbone, Giovanni di Pasino Benvegnudi, Captains Regent (1411–1412) ::*Simone di Menghino de' Calcigni, Foschino di Benedetto Madroni, Captains Regent (1412) ::*Antonio di Segna, Giovanni di Ugolino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1412–1413) ::*Paolino di Giovanni di Bianco, Giovanni di Paolino Vitola, Captains Regent (1413) ::*Francesco di Bartoccino, Michelino di Paoluccio, Captains Regent (1413–1414) ::*Antonio Lunardini, Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Captains Regent (1414) ::*Benedetto di Tosetto, Michelino di Berardo, Captains Regent (1414–1415) ::*Bettino di Paolo, Silvestro di Cecco, Captains Regent (1415) ::*Paolino di Giovanni di Bianco, Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1415–1416) ::*Antonio Lunardini, Giovanni di Paolino Vitola, Captains Regent (1416) ::*Michelino di Paoluccio, Giovanni di Pasino Benvegnudi, Captains Regent (1416–1417) ::*Simone di Menghino Calcigni, Foschino di Benedetto Madroni, Captains Regent (1417) ::*Giovanni di Ugolino di Giovanni, Cecco di Marino di Fosco, Captains Regent (1417–1418) ::*Sante Lunardini, Bettino di Paolo, Captains Regent (1418) ::*Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Antonio di Tegna, Captains Regent (1418–1419) ::*Paolino di Giovanni di Bianco, Foschino di Benedetto Madroni, Captains Regent (1419) ::*Giovanni di Paolino Vitola, Benedetto di Tosetto, Captains Regent (1419–1420) ::*Antonio di Tegna, Cristofaro di Paolo Carboni, Captains Regent (1420) ::*Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1420–1421) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Giovanni di Pasino Benvegnudi, Captains Regent (1421) ::*Bettino di Paolo, Sante Lunardini, Captains Regent (1421–1422) ::*Cristofaro di Paolo Carboni, Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1422) ::*Francesco di Bartoccino, Antonio di Benedetto Tosetto, Captains Regent (1422–1423) ::*Antonio Lunardini, Simone di Menghino Calcigni, Captains Regent (1423) ::*Antonio di Marino Di Fosco, Giovanni di Paolino Vitola, Captains Regent (1423–1424) ::*Antonio di Tegna, Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1424) ::*Sante Lunardini, Baldassarre di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1424–1425) ::*Giovanni di Paolino, Antonio di Rigo, Captains Regent (1425) ::*Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Lorenzo di Piero, Captains Regent (1425–1426) ::*Francesco di Bartoccino, Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1426) ::*Sante Lunardini, Francesco di Betto, Captains Regent (1426–1427) ::*Cristofaro di Paolo, Antonio di Benedetto, Captains Regent (1427) ::*Giovanni di Pasino, Andrea di Cecco, Captains Regent (1427–1428) ::*Antonio di Tegna, Antonio di Marino di Fosco, Captains Regent (1428) ::*Sante Lunardini, Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1428–1429) ::*Antonio di Rigo, Andrea di Cecco, Captains Regent (1429) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Giovanni di Pasino Benvegnudi, Captains Regent (1429–1430) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Giovanni di Antonio, Captains Regent (1430) ::*Sante Lunardini, Benetino di Paolino, Captains Regent (1430–1431) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Antonio di Rigo, Captains Regent (1431) ::*Giovanni di Antonio, Antonio di Bartolino, Captains Regent (1431–1432) ::*Luigi di Vita, Baldassarre di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1432) ::*Sante Lunardini, Tommaso di Antonio, Captains Regent (1432–1433) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Andrea di Cecco, Captains Regent (1433) ::*Antonio di Benedetto, Barnaba di Antonio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1433–1434) ::*Andrea di Michelino, Francesco di Betto, Captains Regent (1434) ::*Benetino di Paolino, Luigi di Vita, Captains Regent (1434–1435) ::*Giovanni di Antonio Lunardini, Ciono di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1435) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1436) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Michele di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1436–1437) ::*Andrea di Cecco, Francesco di Bartolo, Captains Regent (1437) ::*Francesco di Menghino, Giovanni di Antonio, Captains Regent (1437–1438) ::*Niccolò di Michelino, Barnaba di Antonio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1438) ::*Tommaso di Antonio, Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1438–1439) ::*Luigi di Vita, Niccolò di Sabattino, Captains Regent (1439) ::*Sante Lunardini, Bianco di Antonio, Captains Regent (1439–1440) ::*Barnaba di Antonio Lunardini, Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1440) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Captains Regent (1440–1441) ::*Filippo di Giovanni Caccia, Niccolò di Michelino, Captains Regent (1441) ::*Marino Calcigni, Tommaso di Antonio, Captains Regent (1441–1442) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1442) ::*Michele di Giovanni di Pasino, Bianco di Antonio, Captains Regent (1442–1443) ::*Barnaba di Antonio Lunardini, Mengo di Antonio, Captains Regent (1443) ::*Luigi di Vita, Menghino di Francesco Calcigni, Captains Regent (1443–1444) ::*Francesco di Niccolò, Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Captains Regent (1444) ::*Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1444–1445) ::*Niccolò di Michelino, Bartolo di Francesco, Captains Regent (1445) ::*Cristofaro di Paolo, Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1445–1446) ::*Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Bartolo di Angelo di Ciono, Captains Regent (1446) ::*Bianco d'Antonio, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1446–1447) ::*Menghino di Francesco Calcigni, Marino di Fosco (died during his term, replaced by Vita di Giovanni di Paolino), Captains Regent (1447) ::*Francesco di Niccolò, Filippo di Antonio Madroni, Captains Regent (1447–1448) ::*Barnaba di Antonio Lunardini, Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Captains Regent (1448) ::*Baldassarre di Giovanni, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1448–1449) ::*Bartolo di Angelo di Ciono, Venturuccio di Lorenzo, Captains Regent (1449) ::*Bianco di Antonio, Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1449–1450) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Matteo di Mucciolo (died during his term, replaced by Marino di Venturino), Captains Regent (1450) ::*Menghino di Francesco Calcigni, Mengo di Antonio, Captains Regent (1450–1451) ::*Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1451) ::*Niccolò di Michelino, Paolo di Angelo di Ciono, Captains Regent (1451–1452) ::*Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Andrea di Cecco, Captains Regent (1452) ::*Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Simone di Marino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1452–1453) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Bartolo di Michele, Captains Regent (1453) ::*Menghino di Francesco Calcigni, Filippo di Antonio Madroni, Captains Regent (1453–1454) ::*Bartolo di Antonio Tegna, Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1454) ::*Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Francesco di Giuliano Righi, Captains Regent (1454–1455) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Andrea di Cecco, Captains Regent (1455) ::*Giacomo d'Antonio Samaritani, Bartolo di Giovanni di Casalino, Captains Regent (1455–1456) ::*Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Riccio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1456) ::*Niccolò di Michelino, Girolamo di Antonio, Captains Regent (1456–1457) ::*Bianco di Antonio, Bartolo di Michele, Captains Regent (1457) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Marino di Venturino, Captains Regent (1457–1458) ::*Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1458) ::*Menghino di Francesco Calcigni, Andrea di Cecco (died 1459 and replaced by Bartolo di Michele Pasini), Captains Regent (1458–1459) ::*Bianco di Antonio, Bartolo di Antonio, Captains Regent (1459) ::*Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Polinoro di Antonio Lunardino, Captains Regent (1459–1460) ::*Marino di Venturino, Riccio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1460) ::*Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Simone di Marino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1460–1461) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Francesco di Giovanni Sabattini, Captains Regent (1461) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Bianco di Antonio, Captains Regent (1461–1462) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Marino di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1462) ::*Giacomo di Antonio Sammaritani, Riccio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1462–1463) ::*Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Maurizio di Antonio, Captains Regent (1463) ::*Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Pasquino di Antonio, Captains Regent (1463–1464) ::*Marino Venturini, Simone di Cecco di Benetto, Captains Regent (1464) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Giovanni Calcigni, Captains Regent (1464–1465) ::*Bianco di Antonio, Paolo di Angelo di Ciono, Captains Regent (1465) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Simone di Baldo, Captains Regent (1465–1466) ::*Pasquino di Antonio, Marino di Venturino, Captains Regent (1466) ::*Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1466–1467) ::*Giacomo di Marino, Riccio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1467) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Maurizio di Antonio, Captains Regent (1467–1468) ::*Marino di Venturino, Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1468) ::*Lodovico di Marino Calcigni, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1468–1469) ::*Bianco di Antonio, Simone di Marino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1469) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Captains Regent (1469–1470) ::*Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Paolo di Angelo di Ciono, Captains Regent (1470) ::*Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Riccio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1470–1471) ::*Giacomo di Marino, Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Captains Regent (1471) ::*Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani, Marino di Venturino, Captains Regent (1471–1472) ::*Maurizio di Antonio, Sabatino di Bianco, Captains Regent (1472) ::*Girolamo di Francesco Belluzzi, Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1472–1473) ::*Cecco di Giovanni da Valle, Serafino di Michele, Captains Regent (1473) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Sabatino di Bianco, Captains Regent (1473–1474) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Pasquino di Antonio, Captains Regent (1474) ::*Serafino di Michele, Marino di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1474–1475) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Simone di Cecco di Benetto, Captains Regent (1475) ::*Antonio di Marino, Simone di Marino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1475–1476) ::*Bianco di Antonio, Giovanni di Menghino Calcigni, Captains Regent (1476) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Marino di Venturino, Captains Regent (1476–1477) ::*Simone di Cecco Benetto, Marino di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1477) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Lodovico di Michele Pasini, Captains Regent (1477–1478) ::*Giovanni di Menghino Calcigni, Simone di Marino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1478) ::*Marino di Venturino, Sabatino di Bianco, Captains Regent (1478–1479) ::*Antonio di Marino, Evangelista di Girolamo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1479) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1479–1480) ::*Riccio di Andrea, Marino Samaritani, Captains Regent (1480) ::*Evangelista di Girolamo Belluzzi, Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Captains Regent (1480–1481) ::*Marino di Venturino, Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1481) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Maurizio di Antonio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1481–1482) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Marino Sammaritani, Captains Regent (1482) ::*Evangelista di Girolamo Belluzzi, Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Captains Regent (1482–1483) ::*Antonio di Marino, Marino di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1483) ::*Giovanni di Menghino Calcigni, Antonio di Girolamo, Captains Regent (1483–1484) ::*Riccio di Andrea di Antonio, Simone di Marino di Giovanni, Captains Regent (1484) ::*Giacomo di Marino, Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1484–1485) ::*Maurizio di Antonio Lunardini, Bartolo di Pasquino, Captains Regent (1485) ::*Sabatino di Bianco, Cristoforo di Cecco di Vita, Captains Regent (1485–1486) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Valente di Paolo, Captains Regent (1486) ::*Antonio di Bianco, Marino Sammaritani, Captains Regent (1486–1487) ::*Evangelista di Girolamo Belluzzi, Marino di Simone Muccioli, Captains Regent (1487) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Captains Regent (1487–1488) ::*Bartolo di Antonio, Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1488) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Francesco di Antonio di Anastasio, Captains Regent (1488–1489) ::*Giacomo di Marino, Antonio di Girolamo, Captains Regent (1489) ::*Marino di Antonio Giannini, Gabriele di Bartolo, Captains Regent (1489–1490) ::*Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Sabatino di Bianco, Captains Regent (1490) ::*Giovanni di Menghino Calcigni, Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1490–1491) ::*Antonio di Bianco, Marino di Simone Muccioli, Captains Regent (1491) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Matteo Tura, Captains Regent (1491–1492) ::*Riccio di Andrea, Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1492) ::*Cristoforo di Cecco di Vita, Bonifazio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1492–1493) ::*Evangelista di Girolamo Belluzzi, Valente di Paolo, Captains Regent (1493) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Francesco di Antonio di Anastasio, Captains Regent (1493–1494) ::*Antonio di Girolamo, Marino di Simone Muccioli, Captains Regent (1494) ::*Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Marino di Niccolò di Giovanetto, Captains Regent (1494–1495) ::*Evangelista di Girolamo Belluzzi, Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Captains Regent (1495) ::*Marino di Antonio Giannini, Antonio di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1495–1496) ::*Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Sabatino di Bianco, Captains Regent (1496) ::*Cristofaro di Cecco di Vita, Bonifazio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1496–1497) ::*Antonio di Bianco, Andrea di Giorgio Loli, Captains Regent (1497) ::*Matteo Tura, Antonio di Bartolomeo, Captains Regent (1497–1498) ::*Giovanni di Menghino Calcigni, Valente di Paolo, Captains Regent (1498) ::*Antonio di Girolamo, Marino di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1498–1499) ::*Marino di Niccolò di Giovanetto, Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1499) ::*Cristoforo di Cecco di Vita, Bonifazio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1499–1500) ::*Menetto di Menetto Bonelli, Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1500) ::*Francesco di Girolamo Belluzzi, Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1500–1501) • Republic of Venice (complete list) – :*Michele Steno, Doge (1400–1413) :*Tommaso Mocenigo, Doge (1413–1423) :*Francesco Foscari, Doge (1423–1457) :*Pasquale Malipiero, Doge (1457–1462) :*Cristoforo Moro, Doge (1462–1471) :*Nicolò Tron, Doge (1471–1473) :*Nicolò Marcello, Doge (1473–1474) :*Pietro Mocenigo, Doge (1474–1476) :*Andrea Vendramin, Doge (1476–1478) :*Giovanni Mocenigo, Doge (1478–1485) :*Marco Barbarigo, Doge (1485–1486) :*Agostino Barbarigo, Doge (1486–1501) Southern Italy • Kingdom of Naples (complete list) – :*Ladislaus I the Magnanimous, King (1386–1389, 1399–1414) :*Louis III, King (1417–1426) :*Joanna II, Queen (1414–1435) :*René I the Good, King (1435–1442) :*Alfonso I the Magnanimous, King (1442–1458) :*Ferdinand I, King (1458–1494) :*Alfonso II, King (1494–1495) :*Ferdinand II, King (1495–1496) :*Frederick I, King (1496–1501) • Kingdom of Trinacria: Sicily (complete list) – :*Maria, Queen (1377–1401) :*Martin I, King (1390–1409) :*Martin II, King (1409–1410) :*Ferdinand I, King (1412–1416) :*Alfonso the Magnanimous, King (1416–1458) :*John, King (1458–1468) :*Ferdinand II, King (1468–1516) • Principality of Taranto (complete list) – :*Raimondo del Balzo Orsini, Prince (1393–1406) :*Ladislaus of Durazzo, Prince (1406–1414) :*James II of Bourbon-La Marche, Prince (1414–1420) :*Giovanni Antonio del Balzo Orsini, Prince (1420–1463) :*Isabella of Clermont, Princess (1463–1465) Europe: Southwest Iberian Peninsula: Christian • Crown of Aragon (complete list) – :*Martin, King (1396–1410) :*Ferdinand I the Honest, King (1412–1416) :*Alfonso V the Magnanimous, King (1416–1458) :*John II the Great, King (1458–1479) ::*Henry IV, claimant king (1462–1463) ::*Peter V, claimant king (1463–1466) ::*René, claimant king (1466–1472) :*Ferdinand the Catholic, King (1479–1516) • Crown of Castile (complete list) – :*Henry III the Infirm, King (1390–1406) :*John II, King (1406–1454) :*Henry IV the Impotent, King (1454–1474) :*Isabella I the Catholic, Queen (1474–1504) :*Ferdinand the Catholic, King (1475–1504) • Principality of Catalonia (complete list) – :*Martin the Humanist, Count (1396–1410) • Kingdom of Navarre (complete list) – :*Charles III, King (1387–1425) :*Blanche I, Queen (1425–1441) :*John II, King (1425–1441 de jure; 1425–1479 de facto) :*Charles IV, King (1441–1461 de jure) :*Blanche II, Queen (1461–1464 de jure) :*Eleanor, King (1464–1479 de jure; 1479 de facto) :*Francis Phoebus, King (1479–1483) :*Catherine, Queen (1483–1517) • County of Ribagorza (complete list) – :*Alfonso I, Count (1365–1412) :*Alfonso II, Count (1412–1422) :*Alfonso III, Count (1469–1485) :*John, Count (1485–1512) • Kingdom of Portugal / Portugal and the Algarves (complete list) – :*John I, King (1385–1433) :*Edward I, King (1433–1438) :*Afonso V, King (1438–1477, 1477–1481) :*John II, King (1477–1477, 1481–1495) :*Manuel I, King (1495–1521) Marca Hispanica • Andorra :*Episcopal Co-Princes (complete list) – ::*Galcerand de Vilanova, Episcopal Co-Prince (1387–1415) ::*Francesc de Tovia, Episcopal Co-Prince (1415–1436) ::*Arnau Roger de Pallars, Episcopal Co-Prince (1436–1461) ::*Jaume de Cardona i Gandia, Episcopal Co-Prince (1461–1466) ::*Roderic de Borja i Escrivà, Episcopal Co-Prince (1467–1472) ::*Pedro Folc de Cardona / Pere de Cardona, Episcopal Co-Prince (1472–1512, 1513–1515) :*French Co-Princes (complete list) – ::*Isabella, French Co-Princess (1398–1413) ::*John I, French Co-Prince (1413–1436) ::*Gaston IV, French Co-Prince (1436–1472) ::*Francis Phoebus, French Co-Prince (1472–1483) ::*Catherine, French Co-Princess (1483–1512, 1513–1517) • County of Cerdanya (complete list) – :*Isabella, Count (1375–1403) • County of Urgell (complete list) – :*Peter II of Urgell, Count (1347–1408) :*James II of Urgell, Count (1408–1413) Europe: West France • Kingdom of France (complete list) – :*Charles VI, King (1380–1422) :*Henry VI of England, King, disputed (1422–1453) :*Charles VII, King (1422–1461) :*Louis XI, King (1461–1483) :*Charles VIII the Affable, King (1483–1498) :*Louis XII, King (1498–1515) • Anjou (complete list) – :*Louis II, Duke (1377–1417) :*Louis III, Duke (1403–1434) :*René, Duke (1409–1480) :*Louise, Duke (1476–1531) • Auvergne (complete list) – :*Joan II, Countess of Auvergne, Countess (1394–1422) :*John, Duke of Berry, Count (1394–1416) :*Georges de la Tremoille, Count (1416–1422) :*Marie I, Countess of Auvergne, Countess (1422–1437) :*Bertrand V of La Tour, Count (1437–1461) :*Bertrand VI of La Tour, Count (1461–1494) :*John III, Count of Auvergne, Count (1494–1501) • County of Boulogne (complete list) – :*John III, Count (1386–1404) :*Joanna II, Countess (1404–1424) :*John IV, Count (1404–1416) :*George, Count (1416–1424) :*Mary II, Countess (1424–1437) :*Bertrand I, Count (1437–1461) :*Bertrand II, Count (1461–1497) :*John V, Count (1497–1501) • Duchy of Brittany (complete list) – :*John V, Duke (1399–1442) :*Francis I, Duke (1442–1450) :*Peter II, Duke (1450–1457) :*Arthur III, Duke (1457–1458) :*Francis II, Duke (1458–1488) :*Anne, Duchess (1488–1514) • Duchy of Burgundy (complete list) – :*Philip II the Bold, Duke (1363–1404) :*John the Fearless, Duke (1404–1419) :*Philip III the Good, Duke (1419–1467) :*Charles the Bold, Duke (1467–1477) :*Mary, Duchess (1477–1482) • County of Maine (complete list) – :*Louis II, Count (1384–1417) :*Louis III, Count (1417–1434) :*René I of Naples, Count (1434–1441) :*Charles IV of Maine, Duke of Anjou, Count (1441–1472) :*Charles V of Maine, Duke of Anjou, Count (1480–1481) • Monaco (complete list) – :*Louis, Lord (1395–1395, 1397–1402) :*Jean I, Lord (1395–1395, 1419–1454) :*Ambroise, Lord (1419–1427) :*Antonie, Lord (1419–1427) :*Catalan, Lord (1454–1457) :*Claudine, Lady (1457–1458) :*Lamberto, Lord (1458–1494) :*Jean II, Lord (1494–1505) • County of Nevers (complete list) – :*John I, Count (1384–1404) :*Philip II, Count (1404–1415) :*Charles I, Count (1415–1464) :*John II, Count (1464–1491) :*Engelbert of Cleves, Count (1491–1506) • County of Poitou (complete list) – :*John III, Count (1398–1417) :*Charles, Count (1403–1461) Low Countries • County of Artois (complete list) – :*Margaret II, Countess (1383–1405) :*John the Fearless, Count (1405–1419) :*Philip the Good, Count (1419–1467) :*Charles the Bold, Count (1467–1477) :*Philip I of Castile, Count (1482–1506) ::For the succeeding rulers, see the County of Artois under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire • County of Flanders (complete list) – :*Margaret III, Countess (1384–1405) :*John the Fearless, Count (1405–1419) :*Philip III the Good, Count (1419–1467) :*Charles II the Bold, Count (1467–1477) :*Mary the Rich, Countess (1477–1482) :*Philip IV the Handsome, Count (1482–1506) Eurasia: Caucasus • Gazikumukh Khanate (complete list) – :*Surkhay I, Shamkhal (16th century) :*Umal-Muhammad I, Shamkhal (1551) :*Budai I ibn Umal-Muhammad, Shamkhal (1566–1567) :*Surkhay I ibn Umal-Muhammad, Shamkhal (1567–1569) :*Chopan ibn Budai, Shamkhal (1569–?) • Kingdom of Georgia (complete list) – :*George VII, King (1393–1407) :*Constantine I, King (1407–1411) :*Alexander I, King (1412–1442) :*Vakhtang IV, King (1442–1446) :*George VIII, King (1446–1465) :*Bagrat VI, usurper King (1465–1478) :*Alexander II, King (1478) :*Constantine II, King (1478–1505) • Kingdom of Imereti (complete list) – :*Constantine II, King (1396–1401) :*Demetrius I, King (1401–1455) :*Demetrius II, King (1446–1452) :*Bagrat II, King (1463–1478) :*Alexander II, King (1478–1510) • Kingdom of Kakheti (complete list) – :*George VIII, King (1465–1476) :*Alexander I, King (1476–1511) • Kingdom of Kartli (complete list) – :*Constantine II, King (1478–1505) ==Oceania==

Chile: Easter Island • Easter Island (complete list) – :*Havini(vini) Koro (or Hariui Koro), King (c.1400) :*Puna Hako, King (?) :*Puna Ate Tuu, King (?) :*Puna Kai Te Vana, King (?) :*Te Riri Katea (?–1485), King (?) :*HAUMOANA, TARATAKI and TUPA ARIKI, King (c.1485–?) Tonga • Tuʻi Tonga Empire (complete list) – :*Havea II, King (?) :*Takalaua, King (?) :*Kauʻulufonua I, King (c.1470) :*Moʻungāmotuʻa, King (c.1470) :*Tanekingaʻotonga, King (?) :*Kau Vaka'uta, King (?) United States: Hawaii • Island of Hawaiʻi (complete list) – :*Kahoukapu, supreme high chief (1375–1405) :*Kauholanuimahu, supreme high chief (1405–1435) :*Kihanuilulumoku, supreme high chief (1435–1465) :*Līloa, supreme high chief (1465–1495) :*Hākau, supreme high chief (1495–1510) ==See also==