MarketList of pre-modern Arab scientists and scholars
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List of pre-modern Arab scientists and scholars

Arab scientists and scholars from the Muslim World, including Al-Andalus (Spain), who lived from antiquity up until the beginning of the modern age, include the following. The list consists primarily of scholars during the Middle Ages.

A
Ali (601, Mecca – 661, Kufa ), Arabic grammarian, rhetoric, theologian, exegesist. • Abbas Ibn Firnas, astronomer, mathematician, physicist, inventor • Aisha al-Bauniyya (1402–1475), an Arab woman Sufi master and poet • Avempace (1085, Zaragoza – 1138, Fez), philosopher, astronomer, physician • Ammar al-Mawsili (10th century, b. Mosul), ophthalmologist and physician • Ali al-Uraidhi (7th century, b. Medina), Muslim scholar • Ali ibn Isa al-Kahhal (fl. 1010), physician and ophthalmologist • Ali al-Hadi (829, Medina – 868, Samarra), Islamic scholar • Ali ibn al-Madini (778, Basra – 849, Samarra), Islamic scholar and traditionalist • Ali ibn Ridwan (988, Giza – 1061, Baghdad), astronomer and geometer with Khalid Ben AbdulmelikAli al-Ridha (765, Medina – 818, Tus), Islamic scholar and theologian • Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780, Baghdad – 855, Baghdad), theologian, ascetic, and hadith traditionist • Ahmad al-Muhajir (873, Basra – 956, Al-Husaisa), scholar and teacher • Ahmad ibn Yusuf (835, Baghdad – 912, Cairo), mathematicianAhmad ibn Abi Bakr al-Zuhri (767, Medina – 856), Maliki jurist • Apollodorus of Damascus (50, Damascus – 130), architect, engineer, and designer • Abd al-Salam ibn Mashish al-Alami (1140, Jabal Alam – 1227, Jabal Alam), religious scholar of SufismAbdullah ibn Umar (610, Mecca – 693, Mecca), Islamic scholar and hadith narrator • Abd Allah al-Qaysi (d. 885, b. Spain), Muslim jurist and theologian • Abd-Allah ibn Ibadh (d. 708, b. Basra), hadith narrator and theologian • Abd al-Hamid al-Katib (d. 756), founder of Arabic prose • Ibn Abbas (619, Mecca – 687, Ta'if), jurist and theologian • Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad (1634, Tarim – 1720, Tarim), Sufi saint and jurist • Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi (1146, Jamma'in – 1203), Islamic scholar and a prominent hadith master • Abd al-Aziz Yemeni Tamimi (816, Yemen – 944, Yemen), Sufi saint and scholar • Abu al-Fazal Yemeni Tamimi (842, Hejaz – 1034, Baghdad), Sufi saint and mystic • Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali (603–689, Basra), grammarian • Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (874, Basra – 936, Baghdad), philosopher, Shafi'i scholar and theologian • Abu Jafar al-Ghafiqi (d. 1165), an Arab botanist, pharmacologist, physician and scholar • Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi (1076, Seville – 1148), Islamic scholar and judge of Maliki law • Abū Kāmil Shujāʿ ibn Aslam (850–930), mathematician • Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala' (689, Mecca – 770, Kufa) linguists and grammarian • Abu Bakr al-Aydarus (1447, Tarim – 1508, Aden), religious scholar of SufismAbu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Zarqali (1029–1100), was an Arab maker of astronomical instruments and an astrologer • Al-Ashraf Umar II (1242, Yemen – 1296, Yemen), astronomer and ruler of Yemen • Al-Akhfash al-Akbar (d. 793, b. Basra), Arab grammarian • Al-Awza'i (707, Baalbek – 774, Beirut), jurist and theologian • Al-Asma'i (739, Basra – 831, Basra), pioneer of zoology, botany and animal husbandryIbn Abi Asim (821, Basra – 900, Isfahan), scholar, famous or his work in the hadith science • Ibn al-'Awwam (12th century, b. Seville), agriculturist and botanist • Ibn al-Adim (1192, Aleppo – 1262, Egypt), biographer and historian • Ibn al-A'lam (d. 985, Baghdad), astronomer and astrologer • Ibn al-Athir (1160, Cizre – 1233, Mosul), historian and biographer • Ibn al-Abbar (1199, Valencia – 1260, Tunis), historian, poet, diplomat, theologian and scholar • Ibn al-Akfani (1286, Sinjar – 1348, Cairo), Arab encyclopedist and physician • Ibn 'Adlan (1187, Mosul – 1268, Cairo), cryptographer and poet • Ibn Arabi (1165, Murcia – 1240, Damascus), Islamic scholar and philosopher • Ibn Arabshah (1389, Damascus – 1450, Egypt), writer and traveller == B ==
B
Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī (1547, Baalbek – 1621, Isfahan), philosopher, architect, mathematician, astronomer • Bahlool (d. 807, b. Baghdad), judge and scholar • Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (980, Baghdad – 1037, Esfarayen), mathematician • Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (1162, Baghdad – 1231, Baghdad), physician, historian, Egyptologist and traveler • Al-Baqillani (d. 1013, b. Basra), theologian, scholar, and Maliki lawyer • Al-Battani (850, Harran – 929, Samarra), astronomer and mathematician • Al-Baladhuri (820, Baghdad – 892, Baghdad), historian • Al-Buni (d. 1225), writer and mathematician • Al-Bakri (1014, Huelva – 1094, Cordoba), geographer and historian • Al-Baji (1156, Beja – 1231, Sidi Bou Said), Sufi mystic and scholar • Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi (1256, Marrakesh – 1321), mathematician, astronomer, Islamic scholar, Sufi, and astrologer • Ibn al-Baitar (1197, Malaga – 1248, Damascus), pharmacist, botanist, physician • Ibn Bassal (b. 1085, Toledo), botanist and agronomist • Ibn Bassam (1058, Santarem – 1147), poet and historian • Ibn Butlan (1038, Baghdad – 1075), Arab Christian physician == C ==
C
Cosmas (d. 287, Yumurtalik), Arab physician and saint • Calid (d. 704, Homs), Umayyad prince and alchemist • Callinicus (3rd century), historian, orator, rhetorician and sophist == D ==
D
Damian (d. 287, Yumurtalik), Arab physician and saint • Dawud al-Antaki (b. Idlib – d. 1599, Mecca), physician and pharmacist • Dawud Tai (1344–1405), Islamic scholar and Sufi mystic • Diya al-Din al-Maqdisi (918, Damascus – 995), Hanbali Islamic scholarAbu Dawood (817, Sistan – 889, Basra), Islamic scholarAl-Damiri (1344, Cairo – 1405, Cairo), zoologist • Al-Dakhwar (1170, Damascus – 1230), physician • Al-Darimi (797, Samarkand – 869, Muscat), Islamic scholar and muhaddithAl-Dimashqi (1256, Damascus – 1327, Safed), geographer • Al-Dimashqi, Abu al-Fadl (12th-century), writer and economist • Ibn al-Durayhim (1312–1359/62), cryptologist • Ibn Dihya (1150, Valencia – 1235, Cairo), scholar of Arabic language and Islamic studiesIbn Duraid (837, Basra – 934, Baghdad), geographer, genealogist, poet, and philologistIbn Daqiq al-'Id (1228, Yanbu – 1302), one of Islam's great scholars in the fundamentals of Islamic law and belief, and was an authority in the Shafi'i legal school == F ==
F
Fatima al-Fihri (800, Kairouan – 880), science patron and founder of the Al Quaraouiyine mosqueFatima bint Musa (790–816), theologian and saint • Ibn Fallus (13th century), mathematician • Al-Farahidi (c. 718 – 791), writer and philologist, compiled the first dictionary of the Arabic language, the Kitab al-AynAl-Fasi, Abu al-Mahasin (1530–1604), Sufi saint • Al-Farghani (d. 880), astronomer, known in Latin as Alfraganus • Ibn al-Furat (1334–1405), historian • Ibn al-Farid (c. 1181 – 1234), Arabic poet, writer, and philosopher • Ibn Fadlan (10th century), writer, traveler, member of an embassy of the Caliph of Baghdad to the Volga Bulgars == G ==
G
Genethlius (3rd century), sophist and rhetorician from PetraAl-Ghafiqi (d. 1165), 12th-century oculist • Al-Ghassani (1548–1610), physician == H ==
H
Haly Abenragel (d. 1037), astrologer, best known for his ''Kitāb al-bāri' fi ahkām an-nujūm'' • Harbi al-Himyari (8th century), alchemist • Hasan al-Rammah (d. 1295), chemist and engineer • Hamdallah Mustawfi (1281–1349), geographer • Hunayn ibn Ishaq (809–873), Arab Christian scholar, physician, and scientist • Heliodorus (3rd century), sophist of Arab origin • Hisham ibn al-Kalbi (d. 819), historian • Hafsa bint Sirin (651–719), scholar of Islam • Harun ibn Musa (d. 786), scholar of the Arabic language and Islamic studies. • Harith al-Muhasibi (781–857), philosopher, theologian and Sufi scholar • Abu'l-Hasan al-Bayhaqi (1097–1169), astronomer and historian • Abu'l Abbas al-Hijazi (12th century), traveler, merchant and sailor • Abul Hasan Hankari (1018–1093), philosopher, theologian and jurist • Al-Hamdani (893–945), geographer, historian and astronomer • Al-Humaydī al-Azdi (1029–1095), historian • Al-Harith ibn Kalada (d. 634–35), physician • Al-Hilli (1250–1325), Twelver Shia theologian • Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam (803–871), Egyptian historian • Ibn al-Haj (1250–1336), scholar and theologian writer • Ibn al-Haytham (965–1040), physicist and mathematician • Ibn Hawqal (943–969), writer, geographer, and chronicler • Ibn Hubal (1122–1213), physician, scientist and author of a medical compendium • Ibn Hisham (d. 835), historian and biographer • Ibn Hajar al-Haytami (1503–1566), jurist and theologian == I ==
I
Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī (d. 777), mathematician and astronomer • Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (670–717), theologian, Islamic scholar • Ibrahim al-Nazzam (c. 775 – c. 845), Mu'tazilite theologian and poet • Iamblichus (c. 245 – c. 325), Neoplatonist philosopher, mystic and philosopher • Iamblichus (c. 165 – 180), novelist and rhetorician • Ismail Qureshi al Hashmi (1260–1349), Sufi scholar • Ismail al-Jazari (1136–1206), scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, artisan, artist • Ismail ibn al-Ahmar (1324–1407), historian • Ishaq ibn Hunayn (c. 830 – c. 910/1), physician and translator • Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam (1181–1262), theologian and jurist • Al-Idrisi (1099–1166), geographer and cartographerAl-ʻIjliyyah, (10th-century), female maker of astrolabes • Ibn Abi Ishaq (d. 735), earliest known grammarian of the Arabic languageIbn Ishaq (704–761), historian and hagiographer • (1352–1412), Mathematician • Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi, geographer, historian, poet, and collector of poetry from al-Andalus (1213–1286). ==J==
J
Ja'far al-Sadiq (702–765), theologian and alchemist • Jabir ibn Aflah (1100–1150), astronomer and mathematician who invented torquetum • Jabir ibn Hayyan (died c. 806–816), alchemist and polymath, pioneer of organic chemistry; may also have been Persian • Jābir ibn Zayd (8th century), theologian and jurist • Al-Jawaliqi (1074–1144), grammarian and philologist • Al-Jahiz (776–869), historian, biologist and author • Al-Jayyānī (989–1079), mathematician and author • Al-Jawbari (fl. 1222), alchemist and writer • Al-Jabali (d. 976), physician and mathematician from Al-Andalus • Al-Jubba'i (d. 915), Mu'tazili theologian and philosopher • Al-Jazari (1136–1206), inventor, engineer, artisan • Al-Jarmi (d. 840), grammarian of Arabic Language • Ibn al-Jazzar (10th century), influential 10th-century physician and author • Ibn al-Jawzi (1116–1201), heresiographer, historian, hagiographer and philologist • Ibn Juzayy (d. 1357), historian, scholar and writer of poetry • Ibn Juljul (c. 944–c. 994), physician and pharmacologist • Ibn Jazla (11th century), physician and author of influential treatise on regimen • Ibn Jubayr (1145–1217), geographer, traveller and poet, known for his detailed travel journals == K ==
K
Khalifah ibn Khayyat (777–854), Arab historian • Khwaja al-Ansari (1006–1088), Islamic scholar • Al-Khalili (1320–1380), astronomer who compiled extensive tables for astronomical use • Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (1002–1071), Islamic scholar and historian • Al-Khayyat (c. 770–c. 835), astrologer and a student of MashallahAl-Kindi (c. 801–873), Arab philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, physician and geographerIbn al-Khabbaza (d. 1239), historian and poet • Ibn al-Kammad (d. 1195), astronomer • Ibn al-Kattani (951–1029), scholar, philosopher, physician, astrologer, man of letters, and poet • Ali ibn Khalaf (11th century), astronomer • Ibn al-Khatib (1313–1374), polymath, poet, writer, historian, philosopher, physician • Ibn Kathir (c. 1300–1373), influential Sunni scholar and historian • Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), historian, sociologist, and philosopher == L ==
L
Al-Laqani (d. 1631), mufti of Maliki law, a scholar of Hadith, a scholar of theology and author of one of the didactic poems on Ash'ari theology • Al-Lakhmi (1006–1085), jurist in the Maliki school == M ==
M
Malik ibn Anas (711–795), theologian, and hadith traditionist • Maslama al-Majriti (950–1007), astronomer, chemist, mathematician, economist • Moulay Brahim (d. 1661 CE), Sufi saint • Mujir al-Din (1456–1522), qadi and historian • Mohammed al-Mahdi al-Fasi (1624–1698), mystic, biographer and historian • Mohammed al-Arbi al-Fasi (1580–1642), author • Mohammed ibn Qasim al-Tamimi (1140–1207), hadith scholar and biographerMohammed ibn Nasir (1603–1674), theologian, scholar and physician • Makhdoom Ali Mahimi (1372–1431), Muslim scholar and saint • Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875), Islamic scholar, theologian and famous hadith compiler • Mujahid ibn Jabr (645–722), Islamic scholar and jurist • Mohammed ibn al-Tayyib (1698–1756), linguist, historian and scholar of fikh and hadithMuḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī (d. 796 or 806), Muslim philosopher, mathematician and astronomer • Muhammad al-Baghdadi (d. 1037), mathematician • Muhammad ibn Aslam Al-Ghafiqi (d.1165), an Arab doctor, ophthalmologist and pharmacist • Muhammad Ibn Wasi' Al-Azdi (d. 751), Islamic scholar of hadith, judge and soldier • Muhammad al-Shaybani (749/50 – 805), father of Muslim international law • Muhammed ibn Umail al-Tamimi (900–960), Arab alchemistAbu al-Majd ibn Abi al-Hakam (d. 1174), physician, musician and astrologer • Abu Mikhnaf (d. 774), historian • Abu Madyan (1126–1198), influential Andalusian mystic and a Sufi master • Al-Masudi (896–956), historian, geographer and philosopher, traveled to Spain, Russia, India, Sri Lanka and China, spent his last years in Syria and EgyptAl-Maʿarri (973–1057), blind Arab philosopher, poet and writer • Al-Maqrizi (1364–1442), historian • Al-Maqdisi (946–991), medieval Arab geographer, author of Ahsan at-Taqasim fi Ma`rifat il-Aqalim (The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions) • Al-Maziri (1061–1141 CE), jurist in the Maliki school • Al-Mubarrad (826–898), grammarian and linguist • Al-Mubashshir ibn Fatik (11th century), mathematician • Al-Musabbihi (977–1030), Fatimid historian • Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi (11th century) mechanical engineer and inventor • Ibn al-Majdi (1359–1447), mathematician and astronomer • Ibn Manzur (1233–1312), lexicographer and linguist • Ibn Malik (1203/1204 or 1204/1025 – 21 February 1274) grammarian • Ibn Mājid (1432–1500), navigator and poet • Ibn Maḍāʾ (1116–1196), mathematician and grammarian == N ==
N
Niftawayh (858–935), grammarian • Nur ad-Din al-Bitruji (d. 1204), astronomer and philosopher; the Alpetragius crater on the Moon is named after him • Nadr ibn al-Harith (d. 624 CE), physician and practitioner • Nafi ibn al-Harith (d. 13 AH/634–35), physician • Abu Jaʿfar an-Nahhas (d. 338), grammarian • Al-Nawawi (1234–1277), hadith scholar • Al-Nuwayri (1279–1333), historian and encyclopedist • Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), physician and author, the first to describe pulmonary circulation, compiled a medical encyclopedia and wrote numerous works on other subjects • Ibn al-Nadim (d. 995), bibliophile of Baghdad and compiler of the Arabic encyclopedic catalogue known as 'Kitāb al-Fihrist' == Q ==
Q
Qadi Ayyad (1083–1149), biographer and historian • Qatāda ibn Di'āma (d. 735/736), traditionalist, hadith, tafsir, Arabic poetry and genealogyQasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (660/62–728/30), Islamic scholar • Abū al-Ḥasan al-Qalaṣādī (1412–1486), mathematician from Al-Andalus specializing in Islamic inheritance jurisprudence • Al-Qabisi (d. 967), astrologer and mathematician • Al-Qadi al-Nu'man (d. 974), official historian of the Fatimid caliphs • Al-Qalqashandi (1355/56–1418), writer and mathematician • Al-Qasabani (d. 1052), Arab philologist and grammarian • Al-Qushayri (986–1074), theologian and philosopher • Al-Qastallani (1448–1517), jurist and theologian • Al-Qifti (1172–1248), historian • Al-Qurtubi (1233–1286), muhaddith and faqih • Ibn al-Qūṭiyya (d. 977), Andalusian historian • Ibn al-Quff (1233–1286), physician • Ibn al-Qasim (750–806), jurist in the Maliki school • Ibn al-Qalanisi (c. 1071–1160), chronicler and historian • Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya (1292–1350), theologian, and spiritual writer • Ibn Qudamah (1147–1223), theologian == R ==
R
Rabia of Basra (714–801), philosopher and Sufi mystic • Rashidun al-Suri (1177–1241), physician and botanist • Raja ibn Haywah (7th century), architect, jurist and Arabic calligraphist • Rufaida Al-Aslamia (b. 620), physician • Al-Ruhawi (9th century), physician • Ibn Abi Ramtha (7th century), physician • Ibn al‐Raqqam (1250–1315), astronomer, mathematician and physician • Ibn Rajab (1335–1392/93), Islamic scholar == S ==
S
Sahnun (776–854), Islamic scholar and Maliki jurist • Said al-Andalusi (1029–1070), astronomer, historian and philosopher • Said ibn al-Musayyib (642–715 CE), jurist and theologian • Sa'id ibn Aws al-Ansari (d. 830), linguist • Shihab al-Umari (1300–1349), historian • Sayf ibn Umar (1428–1497), historian • Sufyan al-Thawri (716–778), Islamic scholar and jurist • Sa'id ibn Jubayr (665–714), theologian and jurist • Sufyan ibn `Uyaynah (725–814), religious scholar and theologian • Sidi Mahrez (951–1022), scholar, jurist and QadiSibt al-Maridini (1423–1506), astronomer and mathematician • Sitt al-Wuzara al-Tanukhiyyah (1226/1226-1338), an Arab woman scholar • Sulaiman al-Mahri (1480–1550), geographer • Abu al-Salt (c. 1068–1134), astronomer, physician and alchemist • Abu Amr al-Shaybani ((d. 821/28), lexicographer and collector of Arabic poetry • Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi (1013–1119), theologian • Al-Shafi‘i (767–820 CE), Islamic scholar • Al-Sakhawi (1428–1497), hadith scholar and historian • Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid (c. 948–1022 CE), Twelver Shia theologian • Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi (1320–1388), Islamic legal scholar • Al-Suwaydi (1204–1292), physician • Al-Shifa' bint Abdullah (7th century), healer, wise woman and practiced folk-medicine • Al-Sayyid al-Tanukhi (951–1022), Druze theologian and commentator • Al-Suhayli (1114–1185), grammarian and scholar of law. • Al-Ṣaidanānī (10th century), astronomer • Ibn al-Shatir (1304–1375), astronomer, mathematician, engineer and inventor, worked at the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, Syria, developed an original astronomical model • Ibn al-Saffar (d. 1035), astronomer • Ibn al-Samh (979–1035), mathematician and astronomer • Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi (1213–1286), geographer • Ibn Sab'in (d. 1271), last philosopher of the AndalusIbn Sidah (c.1007–1066), grammarian and lexicographer • Ibn Sirin (d. 729), mystic, psychologist and interpreter of dreams • Ibn Sa'd (784–845), scholar and Arabian biographer • Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (670–741), historian • Ibn Sayyid al-Nās, Abu Bakr (1200–1261), Medieval theologian • Ibn Sayyid al-Nās, Fath al-Din (1272–1334), Medieval theologian == T ==
T
Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf (1526–1585), physician, mathematician, clockmaker and astronomer • Taqi al-Din al-Subki (1284 CE–1355 CE), scholar, jurist and judge • Taj al-Din al-Subki (1327/28–1370), historian and jurist • Taqi al-Din Muhammad al-Fasi (1373–1429), historian, scholar, hafith, faqih and Maliki qadiTaqiyya Umm Ali bint Ghaith ibn Ali al-Armanazi (1111-1183), an Arab woman poet and scholar • Theodore Abu Qurrah (750–825), theologian and bishop • Thābit ibn Qurra (826–902), mathematician, physician, astronomer, and translator • Al-Tabarani (873–970), Islamic scholar • Al-Tughrai (c. 1061–1122), physician and alchemist • Al-Tahawi (843–933), jurist and a hadith scholarAl-Tighnari (1073–1118), agronomist, botanist, biologist • Al-Tamimi (10th-century), physician from PalestineAl-Tawhīdī (923–1023), philosopher and thinker • Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 1328), theologian and logician • Ibn al-Tiqtaqa (d. 1310), historian • Ibn Tawus (1193–1266), astrologer • Ibn Tufail (1105–1185), Andalusian writer, novelist, Islamic philosopher, Islamic theologian, physician, astronomer, vizier, and court official • Ibn al-Thahabi (d. 1033), physician and author of the first known alphabetical encyclopedia of medicine == U ==
U
Usama ibn Munqidh (1095–1188), Arab historian, politician, and diplomat • Urwah ibn Zubayr (7th century), historian and jurist • Umm al-Darda (7th century), jurist and theologian • Umm Darda al-Sughra (7th century), jurist and scholar of IslamUmm Farwah (8th century), hadith narrator and saint • Al-Uqlidisi (920–980), wrote two works on arithmetic, may have anticipated the invention of decimals • Al-Urḍī (d. 1266), astronomer • Ibn Abi Usaibia (1203–1270), physician and historian, wrote Uyun al-Anba fi Tabaqat al-Atibba (Lives of the Physicians) • Ibn Uthal (7th century), physician • Ibn Umail, (10th century), alchemist and mystic == W ==
W
Waddah al-Yaman (d. 709), poet, famous for his erotic and romantic poems • Wasil ibn Ata (700–748), theologian and founder of the Mutazilite school of Islamic thought • Al-Warraq (889–994), scholar and critic of religions • Al-Wafa'i (1408–1471), astronomer • Ibn al-Wafid (997–1074), pharmacologist and physician • Ibn al-Wardi (1292–1342), historian • Ibn Wahb (743–813 CE), jurist of Maliki school • Ibn Wahshiyya (10th century), Arab alchemist and agriculturalist == Y ==
Y
Yahya ibn Aktham (d. 857), jurist • Yaʿīsh al-Umawī (1400–1489), mathematician, wrote works on mensuration and arithmetic • Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud (11th century), mathematician • Abu Yusuf (735–798), Islamic scholar • Ibn Yunus (c. 950–1009), mathematician and astronomer == Z ==
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