List of state leaders in the 16th century

Africa: Central Angola • Kasanje Kingdom (complete list) – :*Kulembe, King (1560s) :*Kinguri, King (1560s) • Kingdom of Kongo (complete list) – ::Kilukeni dynasty :*João I, Manikongo (1470–1509) :*Afonso I, Manikongo (1509–c.1542) :*Pedro I, Manikongo (c.1543–1545) :*Diogo I Nkumbi a Mpudi, Manikongo (1545–1561) :*Afonso II, Manikongo (1561) :*Bernardo I, Manikongo (1561–1567) :*Henrique I, Manikongo (1567–1568) ::Kwilu dynasty :*Álvaro I, Manikongo (1568–1587) :*Álvaro II, Manikongo (1587–1614) • Kingdom of Matamba (complete list) – :*Kambolo Matamba, King (fl.1590s) • Portuguese Angola (complete list) – :Colony, 1575–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Cameroon • Bafut (complete list) – :*Feurlu, King (1516–1552) :*Nebasi Suh, King (1552–1570) :*Ambebi Ferh, King (1570–1635) • Kingdom of Bamum (complete list) – :*Mengap, Mfon (1498–1519) :*Ngouh I, Mfon (1519–1544) :*Fifen, Mfon (1544–1568) :*Ngouh II, Mfon (1568–1590) :*Ngapna, Mfon (1590–1629) Chad • Sultanate of Bagirmi (complete list) – :*Birni Besse, Mbangi (1522–1536) :*Lubatko, Mbangi (1536–1548) :*Malo, Mbangi (1548–1568) :*‘Abdallah, Mbangi (1568–1608) Congo, Democratic Republic of the • Kuba Kingdom (complete list) – :*Lushanjela Shanga, Nyim (16th century) :*Bo Shanga, Nyim (16th century) :*Shamba Bolongongo, Nyim (c.1600) • Kingdom of Lunda (complete list) – :*Nkonda Matit, Mwaantaangaand (late 16th century) Congo, Republic of the • Kingdom of Loango (complete list) – :*Moe Poaty I Kamangou, King (16th or 17th century) São Tomé and Príncipe • Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe (complete list) – :Colony, 1470–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Africa: East Great Lakes area :Burundi • Kingdom of Burundi (complete list) – :*Ntare I Rushatsi Cambarantama, King (c.1530–c.1550) :*Mwezi I Baridamunka, King (c.1550–c.1580) :*Mutaga I Mutabazi, King (c.1580–c.1600) :Rwanda • Kingdom of Rwanda (complete list) – :*Ndahiro II Cyamatare, Mwami (1477–1510) :*Ruganzu II Ndoli, Mwami (1510–early 16th century) :*Karemera Rwaka, Mwami (16th century) :*Mutara I Nsoro III Semugeshi, Mwami (16th century) :*Kigeli II Nyamuheshera, King (1576–1609) :South Sudan • Shilluk Kingdom – :*Nyikang, Rädh (c.1490–1517) :*Odaagø Ocøllø, Rädh (c.1600–1635) :Uganda • Buganda (complete list) – :*Kayima, Kabaka (c.1494–c.1524) :*Nakibinge, Kabaka (c.1524–c.1554) :*Mulondo, Kabaka (c.1555–1564) :*Jemba, Kabaka (c.1564–c.1584) :*Suuna I, Kabaka (c.1584–c.1614) Horn of Africa area :Eritrea • Medri Bahri – :*Yeshaq, Bahr Negus (?–1578) :Ethiopia • Ethiopian Empire: Solomonic dynasty (complete list) – :*Na'od, Emperor (1494–1508) :*Dawit II, Emperor (1508–1540) :*Gelawdewos, Emperor (1540–1559) :*Menas, Emperor (1559–1563) :*Sarsa Dengel, Emperor (1563–1597) :*Yaqob, Emperor (1597–1603, 1604–1606) • Ennarea (complete list) – :*Kaba Seyon, Hinnare-tato (c.1450–1530) :*Sepenihi, Hinnare-tato (mid 16th century) :*La'ashonhi, Hinnare-tato (c.1570–1580) :*Badancho, Hinnare-tato (c.1580–1603) • Kingdom of Garo (complete list) – :*Ambiraj, Tato (1567–1600) • Kingdom of Kaffa (complete list) – :*Sadi, King (1495–1530) :*Madi Gafine/Gafo, King (1530–1565) :*Bong-he, King (1565–1605) • Kingdom of Welayta: Tigre dynasty (complete list) – :*Mikael, Kawa (c.1560) :*Girma, Kawa (16th century) :Somalia • Adal Sultanate: Walashma dynasty (complete list) – :*Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din, Sultan (1488–1518) :*Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad, Sultan (1525–1526) :*Umar Din, Sultan (1526–1553) :*Ali ibn Umar Din, Sultan (1553–1555) :*Barakat ibn Umar Din, Sultan (1555–1559) • Warsangali Sultanate – :*Garad Ali Dable, Sultan (1491–1503) :*Garad Liban, Sultan (1503–1525) :*Garad Yuusuf, Sultan (1525–1555) :*Garad Mohamud III, Sultan (1555–1585) :*Garad Abdale, Sultan (1585–1612) Madagascar • Merina Kingdom (complete list) – :*Rangita, Queen (1520–1530) :*Rafohy, Queen (1530–1540) :*Andriamanelo, King (1540–1575) :*Ralambo, King (1575–1612) Africa: Northcentral Ifriqiya • Hafsid dynasty (complete list) – :*Muhammad IV, Khalif (1494–1526) :*Muhammad V, Khalif (1526–1543) :*Ahmad III, Khalif (1543–1570) :*Muhammad VI, Khalif (1574–1574) :*Jafari "Jafari the Clean" Yahya, Khalif (1574–1581) :*Alem Nafirr, Khalif (1581) Africa: Northeast Egypt • Abbasid Caliphate, Cairo (complete list) – :*al-Mustamsik, Caliph (1497–1508, 1516–1517) :*al-Mutawakkil III, Caliph (1508–1516, 1517) • Mamluk Sultanate: Burji dynasty (complete list) – :*Al-Ashraf Janbalat, Sultan (1500–1501) :*Tuman bay I, Sultan (1501) :*Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri, Sultan (1501–1516) :*Tuman bay II, Sultan (1516–1517) Sudan • Funj Sultanate (complete list) – :*Amara Dunqas, Sultan (1503–1533/4) :*Nayil, Sultan (1533/4–1550/1) :*Abd al-Qadir I, Sultan (1550/1–1557/8) :*Abu Sakikin, Sultan (1557/8–1568) :*Dakin, Sultan (1568–1585/6) :*Dawra, Sultan (1585/6–1587/8) :*Tayyib, Sultan (1587/8–1591) :*Unsa I, Sultan (1591–1603/4) Africa: Northwest Morocco • Wattasid dynasty of Morocco (complete list) – :*Muhammad ibn Yahya, Sultan (1472–1505) :*Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Sultan (1505–1524) :*Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Sultan (1524–1545, 1545–1547) :*Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Sultan (1545–1547) :*Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Sultan (1524–1545, 1545–1547) • Saadi dynasty of Morocco (complete list) – :*Muhammad ash-Sheikh, Sultan (1549–1554, 1554–1557) :*Abdallah al-Ghalib, Sultan (1557–1574) :*Muhammad al-Mutawakkil, Sultan (1574–1576) :*Abd al-Malik I, Sultan (1576–1578) :*Ahmad al-Mansur, Sultan (1578–1603) Africa: South Angola • Kingdom of Ndongo (complete list) – :*Kiluanji Kia Samba, Ngola (c. 1515–1556) :as an independent state :*Ndambi, Ngola (1556–1561) :*Kiluanji kia Ndambi, Ngola (1561–1575) :*Kilombo kia Kasenda, Ngola (1575–1592) :*Mbandi a Ngola, Ngola (1592–1617) Mozambique • Portuguese Mozambique (complete list) – :Colony, 1498–1972 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Zimbabwe • Kingdom of Mutapa (complete list) – :*Chikuyo Chisamarengu, Mwenemutapa (1494–c.1530) :*Neshangwe Munembire, Mwenemutapa (c.1530–c.1550) :*Chivere Nyasoro, Mwenemutapa (c.1550–1560) :*Negomo Chirisamhuru, Mwenemutapa (1560–1589) :*Gatsi Rusere, Mwenemutapa (1589–1623) • Rozvi Empire (complete list) – :*Changamire II, King (1494–1530) :*Changamire Tumbare, King (1530–c.1660) Africa: West Benin • Abomey (complete list) – :*Do-Aklin, ruler (c.1600) • Kingdom of Benin (complete list) – :*Ozolua, Oba (1480–1504) :*Esigie, Oba (1504–1547) :*Orhogbua, Oba (1547–1580) :*Ehengbuda, Oba (1580–1602) Burkina Faso • Mossi Kingdom of Nungu (complete list) – :*Gima, Nunbado (1470–1520) :*Gori, Nunbado (1520–1553) :*Bogora, Nunbado (1553–1571) :*Kampadiboaghi, Nunbado (1571–1615) Cape Verde • Portuguese Cape Verde (complete list) – :Colony, 1462–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Ghana • Agona (complete list) – :*Mumunumfi, Agonahene (1588–1620) Guinea-Bissau • Kaabu – :*Sama Koli, ruler (1537–?) • Portuguese Guinea (complete list) – :Colony, 1474–1951 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Mali • Mali Empire: Keita dynasty (complete list) – :*Mahmud III, Mansa (1496–1559) :*Mahmud IV, Mansa (1590s–1600s) • Songhai Empire: Askiya dynasty (complete list) – :*Askia Mohammad I, King (1493–1529) :*Askia Musa, King (1529–1531) :*Askia Mohammad Benkan, King (1531–1537) :*Askia Isma'il, King (1537–1539) :*Askia Ishaq I, King (1539–1549) :*Askia Daoud, King (1549–1582/83) :*Askia Al-Hajj, King (1582–1586) :*Askiya Muhammed Bani, son of Askiya Dawud, King (1586–1588) :*Askia Ishaq II, King (1588–1592) Niger • Dendi Kingdom: Askiya dynasty (complete list) – :*Muhammad Gao, Askiya (1592) :*Nuh I, Askiya (c.1592–1599) :*al-Mustafa, Askiya (c.1600) Nigeria • Bornu Empire (Kanem–Bornu) (complete list) – :*Idris Katakarmabe, Mai (1487–1509) :*Muhammad V Aminami, Mai (1509–1538) :*Ali II of Bornu, Mai (1538–1539) :*Dunama V Ngumarsmma, Mai (1539–1557) :*Dala, Mai (1557–1564) :*Idris Alooma, Mai (1564–1596) :*Muhammed VI Bukalmarami, Mai (1596–1612) • Oyo Empire (complete list) – :*Onigbogi, Alaafin (c.1500–?) :*Ofirin, Alaafin (16th century) :*Eguguojo, Alaafin (16th century) :*Orompoto, Alaafin (?–c.1600) • Sultanate of Kano (complete list) – :*Abdullahi dan Rumfa, Sultan (1499–1509) :*Muhammad Kisoki, Sultan (1509–1565) :*Yakubu, Sultan (1565) :*Abu-Bakr Kado, Sultan (1565–1573) :*Muhammad Shashere, Sultan (1573–1582) :*Muhammad Zaki, Sultan (1582–1618) • Kingdom of Nri (complete list) – :*Eze Nri Anyamata, King (1465–1511) :*Eze Nri Fenenu, King (1512–1582) :*Eze Nri Agụ, King (1583–1676) Senegal • Jolof Empire/ Kingdom (complete list) – :*Bukaar Biye-Sungule, Buur-ba (1492–1527) :*Birayma Dyeme-Kumba, Buur-ba (1527–1543) :*Leele Fuli Fak, Buur-ba (1543–1549) :*al-Buri Penda, Buur-ba (1549–1566) :*Lat-Samba, Buur-ba (1566–1597) :*Gireun Buri Dyelen, Buur-ba (1597–1605) • Cayor (complete list) – :*Detie Fu Ndiogu, ruler (1549–?) • Saloum (complete list) – :*Malaw tane Joof, (variation: Maléotane Diouf - French spelling in Senegal), Maad Saloum (1567) ==Americas==

Americas: North Canada • Canada (New France) (complete list) – :French colony, 1535–1763 :For details see France under western Europe Mexico • Tenochtitlan of the Aztec Empire (complete list) – :*Ahuitzotl, 8th Hueyi Tlatoani (1486–1502) :*Moctezuma II Xocoyotzin, 9th Hueyi Tlatoani (1502–1520) :*Pablo Xochiquentzin, Cuauhtlato (1530–1536) :*Ocotelolco – ::*Maxixcatl, Tlatoani (?–1520) :*Tizatlan – ::*Xicotencatl I, Tlatoani (1425–1522) ::*Xicotencatl II, Tlacochcalcatl, de facto ruler (?–1521) • Zapotec civilization – :*Zaachila – ::*Cocijoeza, Emperor (1487–1529) :*Tehuantepec – ::*Cosijopii I, King (1529–1563) • Viceroyalty of New Spain (complete list) – :Spanish Colony, 1521–1821 :For details see Spain in southwest Europe Americas: South Brazil • Colonial Brazil (complete list) – :Portuguese colony, 1500/1534–1808 :For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe Chile • Captaincy General of Chile (complete list) – :Spanish Colony, 1541–1818 :For details see Spain in southwest Europe Colombia • Muisca Confederation :*Zaque (complete list) – ::*Quemuenchatocha, Zaque (1490–1537) ::*Aquiminzaque, Zaque (1537–1540) :*Zipa (complete list) – ::*Nemequene, Zipa (1490–1514) ::*Tisquesusa, Zipa (1514–1537) ::*Sagipa, Zipa (1537–1539) Peru • Inca Empire (complete list) – :*Huayna Capac, Emperor (1493–1525) :*Huascar, Emperor (1493–1525) :*Huayna Capac, Emperor (1525–1532) :*Atahualpa, Emperor (1532–1533) • Neo-Inca State (complete list) – :*Manco Inca Yupanqui, Emperor (1535–1544) :*Sayri Túpac, Emperor (1544–1558) :*Titu Cusi, Emperor (1558–1571) :*Túpac Amaru, Emperor (1571–1572) • Viceroyalty of Peru (complete list) – :Spanish Colony, 1542–1824 :For details see Spain in southwest Europe ==Asia==

Asia: Central Kazakhstan • Moghulistan, (complete list) – :*Ahmad Alaq, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1487–1503) :*Mahmud, Khan of Western Moghulistan (1487–1508) :*Mansur, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1503–1508), of All Moghulistan (1508–1514), of Eastern Moghulistan (1514–1548) :*Shah, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1543–1560) :*Muhammad ibn Mansur, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1570) • Kazakh Khanate (complete list) – :*Burunduk, Khan (1480–1511) :*Kasym, Khan (1511–1521) :*Mamash, Khan (1521–1523) :*Tahir, Khan (1523–1533) :*Buidash, Khan (1533–1534) :*Qozhamqut, Khan (1534–1535) :*Togym, Khan (1535–1537) :*Khaqnazar, Khan (1538–1580) :*Shygai, Khan (1580–1582) :*Tauekel, Khan (1582–1598) :*Esim, Khan (1598–1628) • Kara Del :*Šamba, Khan (1492–1493, 1497–1505) :*Beyazıt, Khan (1505–1513) Russia • Great Horde (complete list) – :*Shayk Ahmad, Khan (1481–1498, 1499–1502) • Khanate of Sibir (complete list) – :*Abalak of Sibir, Khan (1496–1501) :*Muhammad Taibuga, Khan (1495–1502) :*Aguish, Khan (1502–1503) :*Kuluk Sultan, Khan (1502–1530) :*Qasim, Khan (1504–1530) :*Yadgar bin Qasim, Khan (1530–1563) :*Kuchum, Khan (1563–1598) Tajikistan • Yarkent Khanate, Western Moghulistan (complete list) – :*Said, Khan (1514–1533) :*Abdurashid, Khan (1533–1560) :*Abdul Karim, Khan (1560–1591) :*Muhammad, Khan (1591–1610) Tibet • Guge :*sTod tsha 'Phags pa lha, King (c.1485–post-1499) :*Shakya 'od, King (early 16th century) :*Jig rten dBang phyug Pad kar lde, King (fl.1537–1555) :*Ngag gi dBang phyug, King (16th century) :*Nam mkha dBang phyug, King (16th century) :*Khri Nyi ma dBang phyug, King (late 16th century) :*Khri Grags pa'i dBang phyug, King (c.1600) • Phagmodrupa dynasty (complete list) – :*Ngawang Tashi Drakpa, Monarch (1499–1554) :*Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen, Monarch (1554–1556/1557) :*Ngawang Tashi Drakpa, Monarch (1556/57–1564) :*Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen, Monarch (1576–1603/1604) • Rinpungpa (complete list) – :*Donyo Dorje, Monarch (c.1479–1512) :*Ngawang Namgyal, Monarch (1512–1544) :*Dondup Tseten Dorje, Monarch (1544–?) :*Ngawang Jigme Drakpa, Monarch (?–1565) • Tsangpa (complete list) – :*Karma Tseten, Monarch (1565–1599) :*Khunpang Lhawang Dorje, Monarch (c.1582–1605/1606) :*Karma Thutob Namgyal, Monarch (c.1586–1610) :*Karma Tensung, Monarch (1599–1611) Uzbekistan Ismail I and Muhammad Shaybani in 1510.|288x288px :*Muhammad Shayabani, Khan (1500–1510) :*Kochkunju Muhammad bin Abul-Khayr, Khan (1512–1531) :*Abu Sa'id bin Kochkunju, Khan (1531–1534) :*Ubaydullah, Khan (1534–1539) :*Abdullah I, Khan (1539–1540) :*Abdal-Latif bin Kochkunju, Khan (1540–1552) :*Nawruz Ahmed, Khan (1552–1556) :*Pir Muhammad I, Khan (1556–1561) :*Iskander bin Jani Beg, Khan (1561–1583) :*Abdullah II, Khan (1583–1598) :*Abdul-Mo'min bin Abdullah, Khan (1598) :*Pir Muhammad, Khan (1598–1599) :*Baqi Muhammad, Khan (1599–1605) • Khanate of Khiva (complete list) – :*Ilbars I, Khan (1511–1518) :*Sultan Haji, Khan (1518–1519) :*Hasan Quli, Khan (1519–1524) :*Sufyan, Khan (1529–1535) :*Bujugha, Khan (1524–1529) :*Avnik, Khan (1535–1538) :*Qal, Khan (1539–1549) :*Aqatay, Khan (1549–1557) :*Dust Muhammad, Khan (1557–1558) :*Haji Muhammad I, Khan (1558–1602) Asia: East China: Ming dynasty • Ming dynasty (complete list) – :*Hongzhi, Emperor (1487–1505) :*Zhengde, Emperor (1505–1521) :*Jiajing, Emperor (1521–1567) :*Longqing, Emperor (1567–1572) :*Wanli, Emperor (1572–1620) Japan • Ashikaga shogunate of Japan :*Emperors (complete list) – ::*Go-Kashiwabara, Emperor (1500–1526) ::*Go-Nara, Emperor (1526–1557) ::*Ōgimachi, Emperor (1557–1586) :*Shōguns – ::*Yoshizumi, Shōgun (1493–1508) ::*Yoshitane, Shōgun (1508–1521) ::*Yoshiharu, Shōgun (1521–1545) ::*Yoshiteru, Shōgun (1545–1565) ::*Yosihide, Shōgun (1564–1568) ::*Yoshiaki, Shōgun (1568–1573) • Azuchi–Momoyama period Japan :*Emperors (complete list) – ::*Ōgimachi, Emperor (1557–1586) ::*Go-Yōzei, Emperor (1586–1611) • Ryukyu Kingdom: Second Shō dynasty – :Tributary state of the Ming dynasty, 1429–1644 :*Shō Shin, King (1477–1526) :*Shō Sei, King (1526–1555) :*Shō Gen, King (1556–1572) :*Shō Ei, King (1573–1588) :*Shō Nei, King (1589–1620) Korea • Joseon (complete list) – :*Yeonsangun, King (1494–1506) :*Jungjong, King (1506–1544) :*Injong, King (1544–1545) :*Myeongjong, King (1545–1567) :*Seonjo, King (1567–1608) Mongolia • Northern Yuan dynasty (complete list) – :*Dayan, Khan (1478–1516) :*Bars Bolud Jinong, Khan (1516–1519) :*Bodi Alagh, Khan (1519–1547) :*Daraisung Guden, Khan (1547–1557) :*Tümen Jasagtu, Khan (1557–1592) :*Buyan Sechen, Khan (1592–1603) Asia: Southeast Brunei • Bruneian Empire (complete list) – :*Bolkiah, Sultan (1485–1524) :*Abdul Kahar, Sultan (1524–1530) :*Saiful Rijal, Sultan (1533–1581) :*Shah Berunai, Sultan (1581–1582) :*Muhammad Hassan, Sultan (1582–1598) :*Abdul Jalilul Akbar, Sultan (1598–1659) Cambodia • Kingdom of Cambodia: Middle Period (complete list) – :*Thommo Reachea I, King (1476–1504) :*Srey Sukonthor, King (1504–1512) :*Sdach Korn, King (1512–1521) :*Ang Chan I, King (1516–1566) :*Barom Reachea I, King (1566–1576) :*Chey Chettha I, King (1576–1594) :*Preah Ram I, King (1594–1596) :*Preah Ram II, King (1596–1597) :*Barom Reachea II, King (1597–1599) :*Barom Reachea III, King (1599–1600) :*Ponhea Nhom, King (1600–1603) Indonesia :Indonesia: Java • Sunda Kingdom (complete list) – :*Sri Baduga, Maharaja (1482–1521) :*Prabu Surawisesa Jayaperkosa, Maharaja (1521–1535) :*Ratu Dewata, Maharaja (1535–1543) :*Ratu Sakti, Maharaja (1543–1551) :*Nilakendra, Maharaja (1551–1567) :*Raja Mulya, Maharaja (1567–1579) • Majapahit: Rajasa dynasty (complete list) – :*Prabu Udara, King (1489–1527) • Tuban – :*Raden Arya Wilatikta, King (fl.1513) :*Kyai Arya Ngrasena, King (early 16th century) :*Kyai Arya Gegelang, King (early 16th century) :*Kyai Arya Batubang, King (mid 16th century) :*Pangeran Arya Balewot, King (mid 16th century) :*Pangeran Sekar Tanjung, King (late 16th century) :*Pangeran Ngangsar, King (late 16th century) :*Pangeran Arya Pamalad, King (fl.1587) :*Arya Salempe, King (16th/17th century) • Demak Sultanate (complete list) – :*Raden Patah, Sultan (1475–1518) :*Pati Unus, Sultan (1518–1521) :*Trenggana, Sultan (1521–1546) :*Sunan Mukmin, Sultan (1546–1549) :*Arya Penangsang, Sultan (1549–1554) • Giri – :*Sunan Giri, Sultan (1485–1506) :*Sunan Dalem, Sultan (1506–1545/46) :*Sunan Seda Margi, Sultan (1545/46–1548) :*Sunan Prapen, Sultan (1548–1605) • Kingdom of Pajang (complete list) – :*Joko Tingkir, Sultan (c.1568–1586) • Kalinyamat Sultanate – :*Hadlirin, Sultan (1527–1549) :*Ratu Kalinyamat, Queen (1549–1579) :*Pangeran Arya Jepara, Raja (1579–1599) • Duchy of Surabaya (complete list) – :*Kyai Sinuhun Ngampeldenta, Adipati (fl.c.1500) :*Pecat Tanda Terung, Adipati (fl.c.1513) :*Pangeran Tundungmusuh, Adipati (16th century) :*Pangeran Lena, Adipati (16th century) :*Pangeran Jebuk, Adipati (16th century) :*Pangeran Wanakrama, Adipati (late 16th century) :*Panembahan Rama, Adipati (16th/17th century) :*Pangeran Surabaya, Adipati (16th/17th century) • Blambangan Kingdom (complete list) – :*Bima Koncar/Minak Sumedhe, King (15th/16th century) :*Menak Pentor, King (fl.1513) :*Santaguna, King (fl.c.1575) :*N.N., King (fl.1588) :*N.N., King (?–1597) • Pasuruan – :*Menak Sepetak, King (fl.1513) :*Adipati Dengkol, King (16th century) • Banten Sultanate (complete list) – :*Maulana Hasanuddin (c.1552–1570) :*Maulana Yusuf, Sultan (c.1570–1580) :*Maulana Muhammad, Sultan (c.1580–1596) :*Pangeran Ratu, Sultan (1596–1651) • Sultanate of Cirebon (complete list) – :*Sunan Gunungjati, Sultan (1479–1568) :*Fatahillah, General (1568–1570) :*Panembahan Ratu, Sultan (c.1570–1649) • Bangkalan – :*Ki Pragalba, Sultan (?–1531) :*Raden Pratanu, Sultan (1531–1592/96) :*Raden Kara, Sultan (1592/6–1621) • Sumenep – :*Raden Tumenggung Kanduruwan, Sultan (?–1579) :*Pangeran Ellor I, Sultan (c.1579–?) :*Pangeran Wetan, Sultan (c.1600) • Mataram Sultanate (complete list) – :*Senopati, Sultan (1587–1601) :Indonesia: Sumatra • Samudera Pasai Sultanate (complete list) – :*Adlullah, Sultan (1495–1506) :*Muhammad Syah III, Sultan (1506–1507) :*Abdullah, Sultan (1507–1509) :*Ahmad V, Sultan (1509–1514) :*Zainal Abidin IV, Sultan (1514–1517) • Aceh Sultanate (complete list) – :*Ali Mughayat Syah, Sultan (c.1514–1530) :*Salahuddin, Sultan (1530–c.1537/39) :*Alauddin al-Kahar, Sultan (c.1537/39–1571) :*Ali Ri'ayat Syah I, Sultan (1571–1579) :*Muda, Sultan (1579) :*Sri Alam, Sultan (1579) :*Zainul Abidin, Sultan (1579) :*Alauddin Mansur Syah, Sultan (1579–1585/86) :*Buyung, Sultan (1585/86–1589) :*Alauddin Ri'ayat Syah Sayyid al-Mukammal, Sultan (1589–1604) • Sultanate of Langkat – :*Panglima Dewa Shahdan, Raja (1568–1580) :*Panglima Dewa Sakti, Raja (1580–1612) :Indonesia: Kalimantan (Borneo) • Sultanate of Banjar (complete list) – :*Suriansyah, Sultan (1520–1546) :*Rahmatullah, Sultan (1546–1570) :*Hidayatullah I, Sultan (1570–1595) :*Mustain Billah, Sultan (1595–1638) • Sultanate of Bulungan – :*Datuk Mencang (Seorang bangsawan dari Brunei), beristrikan Asung Luwan, ruler (1555–1594) :*Singa Laut, Menantu dari Datuk Mencang, ruler (1594–1618) • Negara Daha – :*Mangkubumi, Maharaja (15th/16th century) :*Tumenggung, Maharaja (?–1526) • Sultanate of Sambas (complete list) – :*Timbang Paseban, Governor, Sultan (1600–1609) • Sultanate of Sintang – :*Abang Samat Semah, Prince (?) :*Abang Ismail Zubair Mail Jubairi Irawan II, Prince (?) :*Abang Suruh, Prince of Sintang, son of Abang Ismail Zubair Mail Jubairi Irawan II, Prince (?) :*Abang Tembilang Ari, Prince (?) :*Abang Pencin Pontin, Prince (c.1600–1643) :Indonesia: Sulawesi • Sultanate of Gowa – :*Batara Gowa, King (15th/16th century) :*Pakere Tau Tunijallo ri Passukki, King (c.1510) :*Tumapa'risi', King (c.1510–1546) :*Lakiung, King (1546–1565) :*Marompa, King (1565) :*Bontolangkasa, King (late 16th century) :*Tuni Pasulu, King (c.1593) :*Alau'ddin, Sultan (1593–1639) • Luwu – :*Risaolebbi, Datu (1465–1507) :*Dewaraja, Datu (1507–1541) :*Tosangkawana, Datu (1541–1556) :*Maoge, Datu (1556–1571) :*E Tenri Rawe’, Datu (1571–1587) :*Andi Pattiware’ Daeng Parabung, Datu (1587–1615) :Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands • Bali Kingdom: Gelgel (complete list) – :*Dalem Ketut, King (c.1520) :*Dalem Baturenggong, King (mid 16th century) :*Dalem Bekung, King (fl.1558–1578/1630s) :*Dalem Seganing, King (c.1580–1623 or ?–1650) :Indonesia: Maluku Islands • Sultanate of Bacan (complete list) – :*Muhammad Bakir, Sultan (c.1500) :*Zainal Abidin, Sultan (pre-1512–c.1557) :*Bayansirullah/ Dom João, Sultan (c.1557–1578/79) :*Dom Henrique, Sultan (1578/79–1581) :*Alauddin I, Sultan (1581–c.1609) • Sultanate of Jailolo – :*Kaicil Yusuf, Sultan (fl.1514–1521) :*Kaicil Firuz Alauddin, Sultan (c.1532–1536) :*Katarabumi, Sultan (1536–1552) :*Kaicili Guzarate, Sultan (1552–?) • Sultanate of Tidore (complete list) – :*Jamaluddin/Ciri Leliati, Sultan (1495–1512) :*Al-Mansur I, Sultan (before 1512–1526) :*Amiruddin Iskandar Dul-Karna’in, Sultan (1526–c.1560) :*Kie Mansur, Sultan (c.1560–?) :*Kaicili Bungua, Sultan (fl.1570) :*Gaua, Iskandar Sani, Sultan (pre-1582) :*Gapi Baguna, Sultan (pre-1582–1599) :*Mole Majimu, Sultan (1599–1627) • Sultanate of Ternate (complete list) – :*Bayanullah, Sultan (1500–1522) :*Hidayatullah, Sultan (1522–1529) :*Abu Hayat, Sultan (1529–1533) :*Tabariji, Sultan (1533–1534) :*Khairun Jamil, Sultan (1535–1570) :*Babullah Datu Shah, Sultan (1570–1583) :*Said Barakat Shah, Sultan (1583–1606) Laos • Lan Xang (complete list) – :*Somphou, King (1496–1501) :*Visoun, King (1500–1520) :*Photisarath I, King (1520–1548) :*Setthathirath, King (1548–1571) :*Sen Soulintha, King (1571–1575) :*Voravongsa I, King (1575–1579) :*Sen Soulintha, King (1580–1582) :*Nakhon Noi, King (1582–1583) :*Nokeo Koumane, King (1591–1598) :*Voravongsa II, King (1598–1622) Malaysia :Peninsular Malaysia • Johor Sultanate (complete list) – :*Alauddin Riayat Shah II, Sultan (1528–1564) :*Muzaffar Shah II, Sultan (1564–1570) :*Abdul Jalil Shah I, Sultan (1570–1571) :*Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II, Sultan (1571–1597) :*Alauddin Riayat Shah III, Sultan (1597–1615) • Kedah Sultanate (complete list) – :*Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah I, Sultan (1473–1506) :*Mahmud Shah II, Sultan (1506–1547) :*Mudzaffar Shah III, Sultan (1547–1602) • Kelantan Sultanate (complete list) – :Jambi dynasty :*Mansur Shah, Sultan (1467–1522) :*Gombak, Sultan (1522–1526) :*Ahmad Shah, Sultan (1526–1547) :*Mansur Shah, Sultan (1547–1561) :*Ibrahim, Sultan (1561–1565, 1570–1579) :*Umar bin Raja Ahmad, Raja (1565–1570) :Champa dynasty :*Addil ud-din, Sultan (1579–1597, 1602–1605) :*Muhammad ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim, Sultan (1597–1602) • Malacca Sultanate :*Sultans – ::*Mahmud Shah, Sultan (1488–1511, 1513–1528) ::*Ahmad Shah, Sultan (1511–1513) :*Bendaharas – ::*Tun Perpatih Putih, Bendahara (1498–1500) ::*Tun Mutahir of Malacca, Bendahara (1500–1510) ::*Paduka Tuan, Bendahara (1510–1511) • Pahang Sultanate (complete list) – :*Abdul Jamil Shah, Sultan (1495–1512) :*Mansur Shah I, Sultan (1495–1519) :*Mahmud Shah, Sultan (1519–1530) :*Muzaffar Shah, Sultan (1530–1540) :*Zainal Abidin Shah, Sultan (1540–1555) :*Mansur Shah II, Sultan (1555–1560) :*Abdul Jamal Shah, Sultan (1560–1575) :*Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah, Sultan (1560–1590) :*Ahmad Shah II, Sultan (1590–1592) :*Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah, Sultan (1592–1614) • Perak Sultanate: Malacca dynasty (complete list) – :*Muzaffar Riayat Shah I, Sultan (1528–1549) :*Mansur Shah I, Sultan (1549–1577) :*Ahmad Tajuddin Shah, Sultan (1577–1584) :*Tajul Ariffin Shah, Sultan (1584–1594) :*Alauddin Riayat Shah I, Sultan (1594–1603) :Malaysian Borneo • Sultanate of Sarawak – :*Tengah, Sultan (1599–1641) Myanmar / Burma • Kingdom of Ava (complete list) – :*Minkhaung II, King (1480–1501) :*Thihathura II, Co-King (1485–1501) :*Shwenankyawshin, King (1501–1527) :*Thohanbwa, King (1527–1542) :*Hkonmaing, King (1542–1545) :*Mobye Narapati, King (1545–1551) :*Sithu Kyawhtin, King (1551–1555) • Hanthawaddy kingdom (complete list) – :*Binnya Ran II, King (c.1492–1526) :*Takayutpi, King (1526–1539) :*Smim Sawhtut, King (1550) :*Smim Htaw, King (1550–1552) • Kengtung (complete list) – :*Ai Lao (艾劳), Saopha (1474–1501) :*Sao Naojiang, Saopha (1501–1503) • Mongyang State – :*Sawlon, Saopha (1500s–1533) • Kingdom of Mrauk U (complete list) – :*Salingathu, King (1494–1502) :*Raza, King (1502–1513) :*Gazapati, King (1513–1515) :*Saw O, King (1515–1515) :*Thazata, King (1515–1521) :*Minkhaung, King (1521–1531) :*Min Bin, King (1531–1554) :*Dikkha, King (1554–1556) :*Saw Hla, King (1556–1564) :*Sekkya, King (1564–1572) :*Hpalaung, King (1572–1593) :*Razagri, King (1593–1612) • Prome Kingdom (complete list) – :*Bayin Htwe, King (1526–1532) :*Narapati, King (1532–1539) :*Minkhaung, King (1539–1542) • First Toungoo Empire: Toungoo dynasty (complete list) – :*Mingyi Nyo, King (1510–1530) :*Tabinshwehti, King (1530–1550) :*Bayinnaung, King (1550–1581) :*Nanda Bayin, King (1581–1599) • Toungoo dynasty, Nyaungyan Restoration (complete list) – :*Nyaungyan Min, King (1599–1605) Philippines • Tondo (complete list) – :*Dayang Kalangitan, Queen (1450–c.1515) :*Sulaiman, Rajah (early 1500s) :*Ysmeria, Princess (early 1500s) :*Matanda, Rajah (c.1521–1572) :*Lakandula, Lakan (c.1558–1571) :*Sulayman, Rajah (1571–1575) :*Magat Salamat, Datu (1575–1589) • Rajahnate of Butuan (complete list) – :*Siagu, Rajah (?–1521) • Namayan (complete list) – :*Tagkan, Lakan (15th/16th century) :*Palaba, ruler (mid 16th century) :*Laboy, ruler (mid 16th century) :*Kalamayin, Rajah (1570s) :*Dailisan, Datu (c.1563) • Madja-as (complete list) – :*Padojinog, Datu (15th/16th century) :*Kabnayag, Datu (?–1565) :*Lubay, Datu (16th century) • Rajahnate of Maynila (complete list) – :*Salalila, Rajah (pre-1521) :*unnamed, Queen (c.1521) :*Matanda, Rajah (pre-1521–1572) :*Sulayman, Rajah (c.1571) • Rajahnate of Cebu – :*Parang the Limp, Rajah (15th/16th century) :*Humabon, Rajah (c.1521) :*Tupas, Rajah (?–1565) • Sultanate of Sulu (complete list) – :*Kamal ud-Din, Sultan (1480–1505) :*Ala ud-Din, Sultan (?) :*Amir ul-Umara, Sultan (1505–1527) :*Muizz ul-Mutawadi-in, Sultan (1527–1548) :*Nasir ud-Din I, Sultan (1548–1568) :*Muhammad ul-Halim, Sultan (1568–1596) :*Batarah Shah Tengah, Sultan (1596–1608) • Sultanate of Maguindanao (complete list) – :*Sharif Kabungsuwan, Sultan (1520–1543) :*Maka-alang Saripada, Sultan (1543–?) :*Datu Bangkaya, Sultan (?–1578) :*Dimasangcay Adel, Sultan (1578–1585) :*Gugu Sarikula, Sultan (1585–1597) :*Kapitan Laut Buisan, Sultan (1597–1619) • Spanish East Indies, part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines (complete list) – :Colony, 1565–1901 :For details see Spain in southwest Europe Thailand • Ayutthaya Kingdom (complete list) – :Suphannaphum dynasty :*Ramathibodi II, King (1491–1529) :*Borommarachathirat IV, King (1529–1533) :*Ratsadathirat, King (1533/34) :*Chairachathirat, King (1534–1546) :*Yotfa, King (1546–1548) :*Worawongsathirat, King (1548) :*Maha Chakkraphat, King (1548–1564, 1568–1564) :*Mahinthrathirat, Vassal King (1564–1568), King (1569) :Sukhothai dynasty :*Mahathammarachathirat, King of Sukhothai (1548–1569), King of Ayutthaya (1569–1590) :*Naresuan, King of Sukhothai (1570–1590), King of Ayutthaya (1590–1605) • Lan Na (complete list) – :Mangrai dynasty :*Kaew, King (1495–1525) :*Ket, King (1525–1538, 1543–1545) :*Chai, King (1538–1543) :*Chiraprapha, Queen (1545–1546) :*Setthathirat, King (1546–1547) :*Mae Ku, King (1551–1558) :Burmese rule :*Mae Ku, independent King (1551–1558), King (1558–1564) :*Wisutthithewi, King (1565–1578) :*Nawrahta Minsaw, King (1579–1607/08) • Pattani Kingdom: Inland dynasty (complete list) – :*Intera / Phaya Tu Nakpa / Sultan Ismail Shah, Raja (?–c.1530) :*Mudhaffar Shah, Sultan (c.1530–1564) :*Manzur Shah, Sultan (1564–1572) :*Patik Siam, Sultan (1572–1573) :*Bahdur, Sultan (1573–1584) :*Ratu Hijau, Queen (1584–1616) Vietnam • Đại Việt: Later Lê dynasty (complete list) – :*Lê Hiến Tông, Emperor (1497–1504) :*Lê Túc Tông, Emperor (1504–1504) :*Lê Uy Mục, Emperor (1505–1509) :*Lê Tương Dực, Emperor (1510–1516) :*Lê Quang Trị, Emperor (1516–1516) :*Lê Chiêu Tông, Emperor (1516–1522) :*Lê Bảng, Emperor (1518–1519) :*Lê Do, Emperor (1519–1519) :*Lê Cung Hoàng, Emperor (1522–1527) • Đại Việt: Mạc dynasty (complete list) – :*Mạc Thái Tổ, Emperor (1527–1529) :*Mạc Thái Tông, Emperor (1530–1540) :*Mạc Hiến Tông, Emperor (1541–1546) :*Mạc Chính Trung, Emperor (1546–1547) :*Mạc Tuyên Tông, Emperor (1546–1561) :*Mạc Mậu Hợp, Emperor (1562–1592) :*Mạc Toàn, Emperor (1592) :*Mạc Kính Chỉ, Emperor (1592–1593) :*Mạc Kính Cung, Emperor (1593–1625) • Đại Việt: Revival Lê dynasty (complete list) – :*Lê Trang Tông, Emperor (1533–1548) :*Lê Trung Tông, Emperor (1548–1556) :*Lê Anh Tông, Emperor (1556–1573) :*Lê Thế Tông, Emperor (1573–1599) :*Lê Kính Tông, Emperor (1600–1619) • Nguyễn lords (complete list) – :*Nguyễn Hoàng, Lord (1558–1613) • Trịnh lords (complete list) – :*Trịnh Kiểm, Lord (1545–1570) :*Trịnh Tùng, Lord (1570–1623) Asia: South Asia: West Iran • Safavid Iran (complete list) – :*Ismail I, Shah (1501–1524) :*Tahmasp I, Shah (1524–1576) :*Ismail II, Shah (1576–1577) :*Mohammad Khodabanda, Shah (1577–1587) :*Abbas I, Shah (1587–1629) Oman • Nabhani dynasty (complete list) – :*Muhammad bin Ismail, Malik (1500–1529) :*Barakat bin Muhammad, Malik (1529–1560) :*Abdulla bin Muhammad, Malik (1560–1624) Turkey • Ottoman Empire :*Sultans – ::*Bayezid II, Sultan (1481–1512) ::*Selim I, Sultan (1512–1520) ::*Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan (1520–1566) ::*Selim II, Sultan (1566–1574) ::*Murad III, Sultan (1574–1595) ::*Mehmed III, Sultan (1595–1603) :*Grand Viziers – ::*Yakub Pasha, Grand Vizier (1499–1501) ::*Mesih Pasha, Grand Vizier (1501) ::*Hadim Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1501–1503) ::*Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1503–1506) ::*Hadim Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1509–1511) ::*Koca Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1511–1512) ::*Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1512–1515) ::*Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1515–1516) ::*Hadım Sinan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1516–1517) ::*Yunus Pasha, Grand Vizier (1517) ::*Piri Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1517–1523) ::*Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier (1523–1536) ::*Ayas Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1536–1539) ::*Lütfi Pasha, Grand Vizier (1539–1541) ::*Hadım Suleiman Pasha, Grand Vizier (1541–1544) ::*Rüstem Pasha, Grand Vizier (1544–1553) ::*Kara Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1553–1555) ::*Rüstem Pasha, Grand Vizier (1555–1561) ::*Semiz Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1561–1565) ::*Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1565–1579) ::*Şemiz Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1579–1580) ::*Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1580) ::*Koca Sinan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1580–1582) ::*Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha, Grand Vizier (1582–1584) ::*Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha, Grand Vizier (1584–1585) ::*Hadim Mesih Pasha, Grand Vizier (1585–1586) ::*Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha, Grand Vizier (1586–1589) ::*Koca Sinan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1589–1591) ::*Serdar Ferhad Pasha, Grand Vizier (1591–1592) ::*Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha, Grand Vizier (1592–1593) ::*Koca Sinan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1593–1595) ::*Serdar Ferhad Pasha, Grand Vizier (1595) ::*Lala Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1595) ::*Koca Sinan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1595–1596) ::*Damat Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier (1596) ::*Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1596) ::*Damat Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier (1596–1597) ::*Hadım Hasan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1597–1598) ::*Cerrah Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1598–1599) ::*Damat Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier (1599–1601) Yemen • Kathiri State of Seiyun – :*Badr ibn 'Abdallah, Sultan (c.1516–c.1565) • Yemeni Zaidi State (complete list) – :*al-Mansur Muhammad, Imam (1475–1504) :*an-Nasir al-Hasan, Imam (1495–1523) :*al-Mutawakkil Yahya Sharaf ad-Din, Imam (1506–1555) :*al-Mutahhar, Imam (1547–1572) :*an-Nasir al-Hasan bin Ali, Imam (1579–1585) :*al-Mansur al-Qasim, Imam (1597–1620) ==Europe==

Europe: Balkans • Hospitaller Rhodes: Knights Hospitaller (complete list) – :*Pierre d'Aubusson, Grand Master (1476–1503) :*Emery d'Amboise, Grand Master (1503–1512) :*Guy de Blanchefort, Grand Master (1512–1513) :*Fabrizio del Carretto, Grand Master (1513–1521) • Duchy of the Archipelago (complete list) – :*Francesco III, Duke (1500–1511) :*Giovanni IV, Duke (1517–1564) :*Giacomo IV, Duke (1564–1566) • Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro (complete list) – :*Vavila, Prince-bishop (1516–1520) :*German II, Prince-bishop (1520–1530) :*Pavle, Prince-bishop (1530–1532) :*Vasilije I, Prince-bishop (1532–1540) :*Nikodim, Prince-bishop (1540) :*Romi, Prince-bishop (1540–1559) :*Makarije, Prince-bishop (1560–1561) :*Ruvim I, Prince-bishop (1561–1569) :*Pahomije II, Prince-bishop (1569–1579) :*Gerasim, Prince-bishop (1575–1582) :*Venijamin, Prince-bishop (1582–1591) :*Nikanor and Stefan, Prince-bishop (1591–1593) :*Ruvim II, Prince-bishop (1593–1636) Croatia • Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) :*Kings (complete list) – :part of the Habsburg monarchy, also part of the Lands of the Hungarian Crown ::House of Habsburg ::*Ferdinand I, King (1526–1564) ::*Maximilian, King (1564–1576) ::*Rudolph, King (1576–1608) • Republic of Ragusa (complete list) – :*Džono Andra Bobali and Simo Benessa, Rector (1500–1501) :*Brno Bona, Rector (1501–1502) :*Džono Andra Bobali and Simo Benessa, Rector (1503–1504) :*Frano Andra Bobali, Rector (1505–1506) :*Džono Andra Bobali, Rector (1506–1507) :*Luko Bona and Antun Bona, Rector (1509–1510) :*Antun Bona, Rector (1511–1512) :*Antun Bona, Rector (1514–1515) :*Antun Bona, Rector (1517–1518) :*Antun Bona, Rector (1520–1521) :*Jako Bona, Rector (1521–1522) :*Baro Bona, Rector (1522–1523) :*Antun Bona and Jako Bona, Rector (1523–1524) :*Lujo Bona and Baro Bona, Rector (1525–1526) :*Antun Bona and Jako Bona, Rector (1526–1527) :*Lujo Bona, Rector (1527–1528) :*Mato Frana Bobali, Rector (1528–1529) :*Lujo Bona and Frano Bona, Rector (1529–1530) :*Miho Džona Bobali and Jako Bona, Rector (1530–1531) :*Damjan Benessa and Frano Bona, Rector (1531–1532) :*Lujo Bona and Jako Bona, Rector (1532–1533) :*Damjan Benessa, Mato Frana Bobali, Lujo Bona, and Frano Bona, Rector (1534–1535) :*Župan Bona and Jero Bona, Rector (1535–1536) :*Miho Sima Bobali and Frano Bona, Rector (1536–1537) :*Damjan Benessa and Mato Frana Bobali, Rector (1537–1538) :*Frano Bona, Ilija Bona and Jero Bona, Rector (1538–1539) :*Mato Frana Bobali and Miho Sima Bobali, Rector (1539–1540) :*Miho Džona Bobali, Rector (1542–1543) :*Mato Frana Bobali, Rector (1543–1544) :*Miho Sima Bobali, Rector (1545–1546) :*Mato Frana Bobali and Brno Bona, Rector (1546–1547) :*Župan Bona, Rector (1547–1548) :*Mato Frana Bobali, Rector (1549) :*Pasko Frana Cerve, Rector (1549–?) :*Župan Bona, Rector (?–1555) :*Jero Šiška Bobali, Rector (?–1559) :*Džono Miha Bobali, Rector (1559) :*Luco Bona, Rector (1559–1560) :*Džono Miha Bobali and Lovrijenac Miha Bobali, Rector (1561–1562) :*Simo Bobali, Rector (1562–1563) :*Lovrijenac Miha Bobali, Rector (1564–1565) :*Džono Miha Bobali, Rector (1565) :*Nikola Vitov Gučetić, Rector (1567–1568) :*Džono Miha Bobali, Rector (1568–1569) :*Nikola Vitov Gučetić, Rector (1569–1570) :*Lovrijenac Miha Bobali, Rector (1570) :*Jako Antuna Benesse, Rector (1570–1571) :*Džono Miha Bobali, Rector (1571–1572) :*Jako Antuna Benesse, Rector (1572–1573) :*Džono Miha Bobali, Rector (1573–1575) :*Jako Antuna Benesse, Rector (1575) :*Nikola Vitov Gučetić, Đuro Menze, Rector (1575–1576) :*Antun Bona, Jero Ghetaldi, Rector (1576–1577) :*Božo Proculo, Rector (1577–1578) :*Jako Antuna Benesse, Rector (1578–1579) :*Antun Bona, Vlađ Menze, Rector (1579–1580) :*Luco Bona, Rector (1580) :*Trojan Cerva, Rector (1581) :*Miho Bona, Rector (1582) :*Trojan Cerva, Rector (1584) :*Niko Giorgi, Rector (1586) :*Đivo Binciola, Rector (1587–1588) :*Mato Benessa, Pijero Benessa, Lujo Saraca, Pijero Cerva, Rector (1588–1589) :*Jero Bucchia, Rector (1591) :*Lujo Saraca, Rector (1592) :*Andro Luccari, Rector (1600) Europe: British Isles England and Ireland • Kingdom of England and Lordship/ Kingdom of Ireland (complete list) – :*Henry VII, King and Lord (1485–1509) :*Henry VIII, King of England (1509–1547), Lord of Ireland (1509–1542), King of Ireland (1542–1547) :*Edward VI, King (1547–1553) :*Lady Jane Grey, Queen (1553) - disputed :*Mary I, Queen (1553–1558) :*Elizabeth I, Queen (1558–1603) Scotland • Kingdom of Scotland (complete list) – :*James IV, King (1488–1513) :*James V, King (1513–1542) :*Mary I, Queen (1542–1567) :*James VI, King of Scotland (1567–1625) Ireland • Airgíalla (complete list) – :*Rossa mac Maghnusa, King (1497–1513) :*Reamonn mac Glaisne, King (1513–1521) :*Glaisne Óg mac Reamoinn, King (1521–1551?) :*Art Maol mac Reamoinn, King (1551–1560) :*Aodh mac Briain, King (1560–1562) :*Art Ruadh mac Briain, King (1562–1578) :*Sir Rossa Buidhe mac Airt, King (1579–1589) :*Hugh Roe McMahon, King (1589–1590) • East Breifne (complete list) – :*John, son of Cathal O'Reilly, ruler (1491–1510) :*Hugh, ruler (1514) :*Owen, ruler (1526) :*Farrell, ruler (1526–1536) :*Maelmordha, ruler (1537–1565) :*Hugh Conallagh O'Reilly, ruler (1583) :*John Roe, ruler (1583–1596) :*Philip, ruler (1596–1596) :*Edmond, ruler (1596–1601) • West Breifne (complete list) – :*Eóghan Ó Ruairc, King (1500–1528) :*Feidhlimidh Ó Ruairc, King (1528–1536) :*Brian ballach mór Ó Ruairc, King (1528–1559, 1560–1562) :*Tadhg Ó Ruairc, King (1559–1560) :*Aodh gallda Ó Ruairc, King (1562–1564) :*Aodh buidhe Ó Ruairc, King (1564–1566) :*Brian O'Rourke, King (1566–1591) :*Brian Oge O'Rourke, King (1591–1600) :*Tadhg Ó Ruairc, Lord (1600–1605) • Leinster (complete list) – :*Muircheartach mac Donnchadh mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1478–1512) :*Art Buidhe mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1512–1517) :*Gerald mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1517–1523) :*Muiris mac Domhnall Riabhach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1523–1531) :*Muircheartach mac Art Buidhe mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1531–1547) :*Muiris mac Domhnall Riabhach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1523–1531) :*Murchadh mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1531–1557) :*Criomthann mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1557–1582) :*Domhnall Spáinneach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1582–1603) • Magh Luirg (complete list) – :*Cormac mac Diarmata, King (1499–1528) :*Dermot an Einigh mac Diarmata, King (1528–1533) :*Eoghan mac Diarmata, King (1533–1534) :*Aedh na Ab mac Diarmata, King (1534–1549) :*Ruaidri mac Diarmata, King (1549–1568) :*Turlough mac Diarmata, King (1568–1576) :*Tadhg mac Diarmata, King (1576–1585) • Síol Anmchadha (complete list) – :*Breasal Ó Madadhan, Lord (c.1479–1526) :*Domhnall Ó Madadhan, Lord (1567–1612) Europe: Central • Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Germany :*Emperors Elect, Kings – ::*Maximilian I, Emperor Elect (1508–1519), King (1486–1519) ::*Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1530–1556), King (1519–1556) ::*Ferdinand I, Emperor Elect (1558–1564), King (1531–1564) ::*Maximilian II, Emperor Elect (1564–1576), King (1562–1576) ::*Rudolph II, Emperor Elect (1576–1612), King (1575–1612) :*Reichsvizekanzlers: Vice Chancellors – ::*Balthasar Merklin, Vice Chancellor (1527–1531) ::*Matthias von Held, Vice Chancellor (1531–1541) ::*Johann von Naves, Vice Chancellor (1541–1547) ::*Jakob von Jonas, Vice Chancellor (1547–1558) ::*Georg Sigmund Seld, Vice Chancellor (1559–1563) ::*Johann Ulrich Zasius, Vice Chancellor (1566–1570) ::*Siegmund Vieheuser, Vice Chancellor (1577–1587) ::*Jacob Kurz von Senftenau, Vice Chancellor (1587–1594) ::*Johann Wolfgang Freymann, Vice Chancellor (1594–1597) ::*Rudolf Coraduz von und zu Nußdorf, Vice Chancellor (1597–1606) Austria • Habsburg monarchy (complete list) – ::Habsburg monarchs ruled under numerous simultaneous titles :*Maximilian I, (1493–1519) :*Charles V, (1519–1556) :*Ferdinand I, (1556–1564) :*Maximilian II, (1564–1576) :*Rudolf II, (1576–1612) Hungary • Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526) (complete list) – :*Vladislaus II, King (1490–1516) :*Louis II, King (1516–1526) • Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (complete list) – :*John Zápolya, King (1526–1540) :*John Sigismund, King (1540–1570) • Royal Hungary (complete list) – :*Ferdinand I, King (1526–1564) :*Maximilian, King (1564–1576) • Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867) (complete list) – :*Rudolph, King (1576–1608) Poland • Kingdom of Poland (complete list) – :*John I Albert, King (1492–1501) :*Alexander, King (1501–1506), Grand Duke (1492–1506) :*Sigismund I the Old, King (1506–1548), Grand Duke (1506–1548) :*Sigismund II Augustus, King (1530–1572), Grand Duke (1530–1572) • Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth: Kingdom of Poland (complete list) – :*Sigismund II Augustus, King and Grand Duke (1530–1572) :*Henry of Valois, King and Grand Duke (1573–1575) :*Anna Jagiellon, Queen and Grand Duchess (1575–1586) :*Stephen Báthory, King and Grand Duke (1576–1586) :*Sigismund III Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1587–1632) • State of the Teutonic Order (complete list) – :*Frederick, Duke of Saxony, Grand Master (1497–1510) :*Albert, Grand Master (1510–1525), Duke (1525–1568) • Duchy of Prussia (complete list) – :*Albert, Grand Master (1510–1525), Duke (1525–1568) :*Albert Frederick, Duke (1568–1618) Europe: East • Crimean Khanate (complete list) – :*Meñli I Giray, Khan (1478–1515) :*Mehmed I Giray, Khan (1515–1523) :*Ğazı I Giray, Khan (1523–1524) :*Saadet I Girai, Khan (1524–1532) :*İslâm I Giray, Khan (1532) :*Sahib I Giray, Khan (1532–1551) :*Devlet I Giray, Khan (1551–1577) :*Mehmed II Giray, Khan (1577–1584) :*Saadet II Giray, Khan (1584) :*İslâm II Giray, Khan (1584–1588) :*Ğazı II Giray, Khan (1588–1596) :*Fetih I Giray, Khan (1596) :*Ğazı II Giray, Khan (1596–1607) • Khanate of Kazan (complete list) – :*Ghabdellatif, Khan (1496–1502) :*Möxämmädämin, Khan (1484–1485, 1487–1495, 1502–1518) :*Shahghali, Khan (1518–1521, 1546, 1551–1552) :*Sahib I Giray, Khan (1521–1525) :*Safa Giray, Khan (1525–1532, 1535–1546, 1546–1549) :*Canghali, Khan (1532–1535) :*Utameshgaray, Khan (1549–1551) :*Yadegar Mokhammad, Khan (1552) • Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth: Grand Duchy of Lithuania (complete list) – :*Sigismund II Augustus, King and Grand Duke (1530–1572) :*Henry of Valois, King and Grand Duke (1573–1575) :*Anna Jagiellon, Queen and Grand Duchess (1575–1586) :*Stephen Báthory, King and Grand Duke (1576–1586) :*Sigismund III Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1587–1632) • Moldavia (complete list) – :*Ștefan III the Great, Voivode (1457–1504) :*Bogdan III The One-Eyed, Voivode (1504–1517) :*Luca Arbore, Regent (1517–1523) :*Ștefan IV the Younger, Voivode (1523–1527) :*Petru V Rareș, Voivode (1527–1538, 1541–1546) :*Ștefan V Lăcustă, Voivode (1538–1540) :*Alexandru III the Evil, Voivode (1540–1541) :*Ilie II Rareș, Voivode (1546–1551) :*Ștefan VI Rareș, Voivode (1551–1552) :*Ioan Joldea, Voivode (1552) :*Alexandru IV Lăpușneanu, Voivode (1552–1561, 1564–1568) :*Ioan II Iacob Heraclid, Voivode (1561–1563) :*Ștefan VII Tomșa, Voivode (1563–1564) :*Ruxandra of Moldavia, Regent (1568–1570) :*Bogdan IV, Voivode (1570–1572) :*Ioan III the Terrible, Voivode (1572–1574) :*Petru VI the Lame, Voivode (1574–1577, 1578–1579, 1582–1591) :*Ioan IV Potcoavă, Voivode (1577) :*Ioan V the Saxon, Voivode (1579–1582) :*Aaron I the Tyrant, Voivode (1591–1592, 1592–1595) :*Alexandru V the Wrongdoer, Voivode (1592) :*Petru VII the Cossack, Voivode (1592) :*Ștefan VIII Răzvan, Voivode (1595) :*Ieremia Movilă, Voivode (1595–1600, 1600–1606) :*Mihail I Viteazul, Voivode (1600) • Grand Duchy of Moscow (complete list) – :*Ivan III the Great, Grand prince (1462–1505) :*Vasily III, Grand prince (1505–1533) :*Ivan IV the Terrible, Grand prince (1533–1547), Tsar (1547–1584) • Qasim Khanate (complete list) – :*Satylghan ibn Nur Daulat, Sultan (1491–1506) :*Janai ibn Nur Daulat, Sultan (1506–1512) :*Shaykh Allahyar, Khan (1512–1516) :*Shahghali, Khan (1516–1519) :*Canghali of Kazan, Khan (1519–1531) :*Shahghali, Khan (1535–1567) :*Simeon Bekbulatovich, Khan (1567–1573) :*Mustafa Ali Khan, Khan (1584–1590) :*Eid al-Muhammad, Khan (1600–1610) • Tsardom of Russia (complete list) – :*Ivan IV the Terrible, Grand prince (1533–1547), Tsar (1547–1584) :*Feodor I, Tsar (1584–1598) :*Boris Godunov, Tsar (1598–1605) • Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) (complete list) – :*John Sigismund Zápolya, Prince (1570–1571) :*Stephen Báthory, Prince (1576–1586) :*Sigismund Báthory, Prince (1586–1598, 1598–1599, 1601–1602) :*Imperial commissioners, (1598) :*Andrew Báthory, Prince (1599) :*Michael the Brave of Wallachia, imperial governor (1599–1600) :*Giorgio Basta, commissioner (1600–1601, 1601–1603) • Principality of Wallachia (complete list) – :*Radu IV the Great, Prince (1495–1508) :*Mihnea I the Bad, Prince (1508–1509) :*Mircea III (IV) Miloș, Prince (1509–1510) :*Vlad V the Younger, Prince (1510–1512) :*Neagoe Basarab V, Prince (1512–1521) :*Milica of Serbia, Regent :*Branković/ Craiovești, Regent (1521–1522) :*Milica Despina, Regent (1521–1522) :*Teodosie of Wallachia, Prince (1521–1522) :*Radu V, Prince (1522–1523, 1524, 1524–1525, 1525–1529) :*Vladislav III, Prince (1523, 1524, 1525) :*Radu VI Bădica, Prince (1523–1524) :*Basarab VI, Prince (1529) :*Moise, Prince (1529–1530) :*Vlad VI the Drowned, Prince (1530–1532) :*Vlad VII Vintilă de la Slatina, Prince (1532–1535) :*Radu VII Paisie, Prince (1535–1545) :*Mircea IV the Shepherd, Prince (1545–1552, 1553–1554, 1558–1559) :*Radu VIII Ilie the Cowherd, Prince (1552–1553) :*Pătrașcu the Good, Prince (1554–1558) :*Chiajna of Moldavia, Regent (1559–1564) :*Petru I the Younger, Prince (1564–1568) :*Alexandru II Mircea, Prince (1568–1574, 1574–1577) :*Vintilă, Prince (1574) :*Catherine Salvaresso, Regent (1577–1583) :*Petru II of the Earring, Prince (1583–1585) :*Mihnea II the Turk (Mihnea Turcitul), Prince (1585–1591) :*Ștefan I Surdul, Prince (1591–1592) :*Alexandru III cel Rău, Prince (1592–1593) :*Mihail II Viteazul, Prince (1593–1600) :*Nicolae Pătrașcu, Prince (1599–1600) :*Simion Movilă, Prince (1600–1601, 1602) Europe: Nordic Kalmar Union • Kalmar Union of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway (complete list, complete list, complete list) – :*John, King of Denmark (1481–1513), of Norway (1483–1513), of Sweden (1497–1501) :*Sten Sture the Elder, Regent of Sweden (1470–1497, 1501–1503) :*Svante Nilsson, Regent of Sweden (1504–1512) :*Eric Trolle, Regent of Sweden (1512) :*Sten Sture the Younger, Regent of Sweden (1512–1520) :*Christian II, King of Denmark and Norway (1513–1523), of Sweden (1520–1521) Denmark–Norway • Denmark–Norway (complete list / complete list) – :*Frederick I, King (1523–1533) :*Olav Engelbrektsson, Regent of Norway (1533–1537) :*Christian III, King (1533–1559) :*Frederick II, King (1559–1588) :*Christian IV, King (1588–1648) • Duchy of Schleswig (complete list) – :*John, King of Denmark, Duke (1482–1513) :*Frederick I of Denmark, Duke (1490–1533) :*Christian II of Denmark, Duke (1513–1523) :*Christian III of Denmark, Duke (1523–1559) :*Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Duke (1544–1586) :*John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev, Duke (1544–1580) :*Frederick II of Denmark, Duke (1559–1588) :*Frederick II, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Duke (1586–1587) :*Philip, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Duke (1587–1590) :*Christian IV of Denmark, Duke (1588–1648) Sweden • History of Sweden (1523–1611) (complete list) – :*Gustav I, King (1523–1560) :*Eric XIV, King (1560–1568) :*John III, King (1568–1592) :*Sigismund, King (1592–1599) :*Charles IX, Regent (1599–1604), King (1604–1611) Europe: Southcentral • Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire) (complete list) – :*Charles V, King (1530–1556) • Republic of Florence (complete list) – :*Piero Soderini, de facto ruler (1502–1512) :*Giovanni (Leo X), Lord (1512–1513) :*Giuliano, Lord (1513–1516) :*Lorenzo II, Lord (1516–1519) :*Giulio (Clement VII), Lord (1519–1523) :*Ippolito, Lord (1523–1527) :*Alessandro the Moor, Lord (1527–1532), Duke (1532–1537) :*Cosimo I, Duke (1537–1569), Grand Duke (1569–1574) • Margraviate / Duchy of Mantua (complete list) – :*Francis II, Marquess (1484–1519) :*Federico II, Marquess (1519–1530), Duke (1530–1540) :*Francesco III, Duke (1540–1550) :*Guglielmo, Duke (1550–1587) :*Vincenzo, Duke (1587–1612) • Margraviate/Principality of Massa and Margraviate of Carrara (complete list) – :*Alberico II Malaspina, Marquis (1481–1519) :*Ricciarda Malaspina, Marquis (1519–1546, 1547–1553) :*Giulio I Cybo-Malaspina, Marquis (1546–1547) :*Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina, Marquis (1554–1623), Prince and Marquis (1558–1623) • Duchy of Modena, Reggio, and Ferrara (complete list) – :*Ercole I, Duke (1471–1505) :*Alfonso I, Duke (1505–1534) :*Ercole II, Duke (1534–1559) :*Alfonso II, Duke (1559–1597) • March / Duchy of Montferrat (complete list) – :*William IX, Marquis (1494–1518) :*Anne of Alençon, Regent (1518–1530) for Boniface IV, Marquis (1518–1530) :*John George, Marquis (1530–1533) :*Spanish occupation, 1533–1536. :*Frederick Gonzaga, Marquis (1536–1540) :*Francis I, Marquis (1540–1550) :*Guglielmo Gonzaga, Marquis (1550–1574), Duke (1574–1574) :*Vincent I, Duke (1587–1612) • Papal States (complete list) – :*Alexander VI, Pope (1492–1503) :*Pius III, Pope (1503) :*Julius II, Pope (1503–1513) :*Leo X, Pope (1513–1521) :*Adrian VI, Pope (1522–1523) :*Clement VII, Pope (1523–1534) :*Paul III, Pope (1534–1549) :*Julius III, Pope (1550–1555) :*Marcellus II, Pope (1555) :*Paul IV, Pope (1555–1559) :*Pius IV, Pope (1559–1565) :*Pius V, Pope (1566–1572) :*Gregory XIII, Pope (1572–1585) :*Sixtus V, Pope (1585–1590) :*Urban VII, Pope (1590) :*Gregory XIV, Pope (1590–1591) :*Innocent IX, Pope (1591) :*Clement VIII, Pope (1592–1605) • Duchy of Parma (complete list) – :*Pier Luigi, Duke (1545–1547) :*Ottavio, Duke (1556–1586) :*Alexander, Duke (1586–1592) :*Ranuccio I, Duke (1592–1622) • San Marino :*Captains Regent (1500–1700) – ::*Francesco di Girolamo Belluzzi, Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1500–1501) ::*Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1501) ::*Cristoforo di Giacomino di Bartolo, Biagio di Bartolo Pasini, Captains Regent (1501–1502) ::*Antonio di Girolamo, Gabriele di Bartolo, Captains Regent (1502) ::*Giuliano di Bartolomeo, Angelo di Paolo Fabbri, Captains Regent (1502–1503) ::*Antonio di Bianco, Bartolo di Antonio, Captains Regent (1503) ::*Simone di Antonio Belluzzi, Giovanni di Cristoforo di Vita, Captains Regent (1503) ::*Francesco di Girolamo, Bonifazio di Andrea, Captains Regent (1503–1504) ::*Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Marino di Niccolò di Giovanetto, Captains Regent (1504) ::*Antonio di Girolamo, Francesco di Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1504–1505) ::*Francesco di Girolamo Belluzzi, Giuliano di Bartolomeo, Captains Regent (1505) ::*Antonio di Bianco, Antonio di Marino Giannini, Captains Regent (1505–1506) ::*Andrea di Giorgio Loli, Camillo di Menetto Bonelli, Captains Regent (1506) ::*Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1506–1507) ::*Fabrizio di Pier Leone Corbelli, Sammaritano di Andrea Tini, Captains Regent (1507) ::*Marino di Niccolò di Giovanetto, Leonardo di Giovanni di Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1507–1508) ::*Cristoforo Martelli, Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Captains Regent (1508) ::*Antonio di Girolamo, Francesco di Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1508–1509) ::*Innocenzo di Menetto Bonelli, Antonio di Benetto, Captains Regent (1509) ::*Andrea di Giorgio Loli, Antonio di Marino Giannini, Captains Regent (1509–1510) ::*Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Andrea di Marino Speranza, Captains Regent (1510) ::*Antonio di Bianco, Barnaba di Matteo da Valle, Captains Regent (1510–1511) ::*Marino di Niccolò di Giovanetto, Biagio di Bartolo Pasini, Captains Regent (1511) ::*Antonio di Girolamo, Giovanni di Cristoforo Vita, Captains Regent (1511–1512) ::*Andrea Giangi, Marino di Severo, Captains Regent (1512) ::*Leonardo di Giovanni Belluzzi, Sammaritano di Andrea Tini, Captains Regent (1512–1513) ::*Cristoforo di Girolamo, Cristoforo Martelli, Captains Regent (1513) ::*Antonio di Benetto, Benedetto di Marino Benettini, Captains Regent (1513–1514) ::*Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Francesco Giangi, Captains Regent (1514) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Innocenzo di Menetto Bonelli, Captains Regent (1514–1515) ::*Carlo di Cristofaro, Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Captains Regent (1515) ::*Francesco di Girolamo Belluzzi, Antonio di Bartolo, Captains Regent (1515–1516) ::*Camillo di Menetto Bonelli, Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Captains Regent (1516) ::*Diotallevo Corbelli, Sammaritano di Andrea Tini, Captains Regent (1516–1517) ::*Carlo di Cristofaro, Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Captains Regent (1517) ::*Andrea di Bonifazio, Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Captains Regent (1517–1518) ::*Camillo di Menetto Bonelli, Leonardo di Giovanni Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1518) ::*Francesco di Girolamo Belluzzi, Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Captains Regent (1518–1519) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Pietro di Sabatino di Bianco, Captains Regent (1519) ::*Innocenzo di Menetto Bonelli, Francesco di Antonio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1519–1520) ::*Antonio di Maurizio Lunardini, Marino di Severo, Captains Regent (1520) ::*Andrea di Bonifazio, Francesco di Girolamo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1520–1521) ::*Bartolomeo di Antonio Amanti, Bartolo di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1521) ::*Cristofaro Martelli, Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Captains Regent (1521–1522) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Giuliano di Bartolomeo, Captains Regent (1522) ::*Antonio di Polinoro Lunardini, Marino di Antonio, Captains Regent (1522–1523) ::*Bartolomeo di Antonio, Girolamo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1523) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Francesco di Sante di Biagio, Captains Regent (1523–1524) ::*Camillo di Menetto Bonelli, Leonardo di Giovanni Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1524) ::*Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Bartolomeo di Antonio Amanti, Captains Regent (1524–1525) ::*Innocenzo di Menetto Bonelli, Pier Leone di Fabrizio Corbelli, Captains Regent (1525) ::*Melchiorre di Francesco Belluzzi, Sammaritano di Andrea Tini, Captains Regent (1525–1526) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Federigo di Brandano Calcigni, Captains Regent (1526) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Marino di Severo, Captains Regent (1526–1527) ::*Andrea Sabbatini, Carlo di Cristofaro, Captains Regent (1527) ::*Bartolomeo di Antonio Amanti, Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Captains Regent (1527–1528) ::*Melchiorre di Francesco, Diottalevo Corbelli, Giuliano di Marino Righi, Captains Regent (1528) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Girolamo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1528–1529) ::*Camillo di Menetto Bonelli, Bartolo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1529) ::*Lodovico di Pietro Calcigni, Antonio di Pietro Tosini, Captains Regent (1529–1530) ::*Melchiorre di Francesco Belluzzi, Giacomo di Lodovico Pinti, Captains Regent (1530) ::*Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Pier Leone di Fabrizio Corbelli, Captains Regent (1530–1531) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1531) ::*Polinoro di Antonio Lunardini, Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Captains Regent (1531–1532) ::*Carlo di Cristofaro, Innocenzo di Menetto Bonelli, Captains Regent (1532) ::*Bartolo di Simone Belluzzi, Sammaritano di Andrea Tini, Captains Regent (1532–1533) ::*Giacomo di Lodovico Calcigni, Girolamo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1533) ::*Camillo di Menetto Bonelli, Melchiorre di Francesco Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1533–1534) ::*Pier Leone di Fabrizio Corbelli, Giuliano di Marino Righi, Captains Regent (1534) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1534–1535) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Antonio di Pietro Tontini, Captains Regent (1535) ::*Innocenzo di Menetto Bonelli, Giacomo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1535–1536) ::*Melchiorre di Francesco Belluzzi, Sammaritano di Andrea Tini, Captains Regent (1536) ::*Bartolo di Simone Belluzzi, Pier Leone di Fabrizio Corbelli, Captains Regent (1536–1537) ::*Girolamo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Girolamo di Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1537) ::*Giuliano di Marino Righi, Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1537–1538) ::*Francesco di Simone Belluzzi, Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Captains Regent (1538) ::*Carlo di Cristofaro Gianolini, Cristofaro di Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1538–1539) ::*Melchiorre di Francesco Belluzzi, Niccolò di Sante di Biagio, Captains Regent (1539) ::*Bartolo di Simone Belluzzi, Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1539–1540) ::*Gio. Antonio di Francesco Belluzzi, Pier Leone di Fabrizio Corbelli, Captains Regent (1540) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Vincenzo di Bartolo Gombertini, Captains Regent (1540–1541) ::*Girolamo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Stanghelino di Francesco Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1541) ::*Giuliano di Marino Righi, Giacomo di Lodovico Pinti, Captains Regent (1541–1542) ::*Polinoro Lunardini, Cristofaro di Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1542) ::*Carlo Gianolini, Marino Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1542–1543) ::*Antonio di Pietro Tontini, Giacomo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1543) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Carlo di Francesco Lunardini, Captains Regent (1543–1544) ::*Polinoro Lunardini, Bartolo di Simone Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1544) ::*Giovanni Antonio Belluzzi, Vincenzo Gombertini, Captains Regent (1544–1545) ::*Girolamo di Giuliano Gozi, Innocenzo Brancuti, Captains Regent (1545) ::*Giuliano di Marino Righi, Marino Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1545–1546) ::*Bonetto di Marino Bonetti, Baldo di Gaspare, Captains Regent (1546) ::*Pier Leone di Fabrizio Corbelli, Bernardino Giannini, Captains Regent (1546–1547) ::*Gio. Antonio Leonardelli, Stanghelino di Francesco Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1547) ::*Gio. Lodovico di Matteo Belluzzi, Pier Paolo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1547–1548) ::*Bartolo Belluzzi, Giovanni Antonio Belluzzi, Sante di Marco Gori, Captains Regent (1548) ::*Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Francesco di Sebastiano Onofri, Captains Regent (1548–1549) ::*Giuliano di Marino Righi, Girolamo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1549) ::*Bartolo Belluzzi, Rinaldo di Giovanni Baldi, Captains Regent (1549–1550) ::*Polinoro Lunardini, Biagio di Matteo Tura, Captains Regent (1550) ::*Gio. Antonio Leonardelli, Cristofaro di Marino Giangi, Captains Regent (1550–1551) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Marino di Andrea, Captains Regent (1551) ::*Pier Leone Corbelli, Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1551–1552) ::*Gio. Lodovico di Matteo Belluzzi, Baldo di Gaspare, Captains Regent (1552) ::*Antonio di Piero Tontini, Vincenzo di Giovanni di Andrea, Captains Regent (1552–1553) ::*Vincenzo Gombertini, Giacomo di Antonio Giannini, Captains Regent (1553) ::*Gio. Antonio Belluzzi, Rinaldo di Giovanni Baldi, Captains Regent (1553–1554) ::*Innocenzo Brancuti, Giacomo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1554) ::*Marc'Antonio Gozi, Francesco di Sebastiano Onofri, Captains Regent (1554–1555) ::*Giuliano di Marino Righi, Gio. Antonio di Antonio, Captains Regent (1555) ::*Bartolo Belluzzi, Pier Paolo Corbelli, Captains Regent (1555–1556) ::*Gio. Antonio Leonardelli, Bonetto di Marino Bonetti, Captains Regent (1556) ::*Antonio Brancuti, Baldo di Gaspare, Captains Regent (1556–1557) ::*Gio. Lodovico di Matteo Belluzzi, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1557) ::*Pier Paolo Bonelli, Vincenzo Gombertini, Captains Regent (1557–1558) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Francesco di Sebastiano Onofri, Captains Regent (1558) ::*Innocenzo Brancuti, Rinaldo di Giovanni Baldi, Captains Regent (1558–1559) ::*Bartolo Belluzzi, Pier Paolo Corbelli, Captains Regent (1559) ::*Gio. Antonio Leonardelli, Sinibaldo Sinibaldi, Captains Regent (1559–1560) ::*Giacomo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Vincenzo di Marino di Andrea, Captains Regent (1560) ::*Pier Leone Corbelli, Giovanni Sinibaldi, Captains Regent (1560–1561) ::*Vincenzo Gombertini, Bernardino Giannini, Captains Regent (1561) ::*Francesco di Sebastiano Onofri, Francesco di Pier Paolo Martelli, Captains Regent (1561–1562) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Claudio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1562) ::*Pier Paolo Bonelli, Marc'Antonio Gozi, Captains Regent (1562–1563) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Pier Paolo Corbelli, Captains Regent (1563) ::*Ludovico Belluzzi, Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Captains Regent (1563–1564) ::*Gio. Andrea Belluzzi, Rinaldo di Giovanni Baldi, Captains Regent (1564) ::*Antonio Brancuti, Benedetto di Bianco, Captains Regent (1564–1565) ::*Vincenzo Gombertini, Giacomo di Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1565) ::*Bonetto di Marino Bonetti, Marino Bonelli, Captains Regent (1565–1566) ::*Marc'Antonio Gozi, Giovanni Antonio di Antonio, Captains Regent (1566) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Sebastiano di Cristofaro Giangi, Captains Regent (1566–1567) ::*Francesco di Pier Paolo Martelli, Marino di Cristofaro Giangi, Captains Regent (1567) ::*Giuliano Corbelli, Giovanni Andrea Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1567–1568) ::*Pier Paolo Bonelli, Pier Paolo Corbelli, Captains Regent (1568) ::*Antonio Brancuti, Liberio Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1568–1569) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1569) ::*Ippolito Gombertini, Sinibaldo Sinibaldi, Captains Regent (1569–1570) ::*Marc'Antonio Gozi, Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Captains Regent (1570) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Ascanio di Giacomo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1570–1571) ::*Giovanni Antonio Leonardelli, Benedetto di Bianco, Captains Regent (1571) ::*Pier Paolo Corbelli, Giovanni Paolo di Giuliano, Captains Regent (1571–1572) ::*Innocenzo Brancuti, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1572) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Antonio di Angelo Bellini, Captains Regent (1572–1573) ::*Antonio Brancuti, Gio. Lodovico di Matteo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1573) ::*Lodovico Belluzzi, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1573–1574) ::*Marc'Antonio Gozi, Gio. Antonio di Antonio, Captains Regent (1574) ::*Giambattista Belluzzi, Benedetto di Bianco, Captains Regent (1574–1575) ::*Giuliano Corbelli, Liberio Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1575) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Vincenzo di Marino di Andrea, Captains Regent (1575–1576) ::*Pier Paolo Corbelli, Sinibaldo Sinibaldi, Captains Regent (1576) ::*Innocenzo Brancuti, Francesco Onofri, Captains Regent (1576–1577) ::*Francesco di Paolo di Giuliano, Gio. Lodovico di Matteo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1577) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1577–1578) ::*Ippolito Gombertini, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1578) ::*Liberio Gabrielli, Ascanio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1578–1579) ::*Girolamo Giannini, Benedetto di Bianco, Captains Regent (1579) ::*Lodovico Belluzzi, Giovanni Calcigni, Captains Regent (1579–1580) ::*Pier Paolo Corbelli, Marino Bonelli, Captains Regent (1580) ::*Giambattista Belluzzi, Sinibaldo Sinibaldi, Captains Regent (1580–1581) ::*Innocenzo Brancuti, Gio. Lodovico di Matteo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1581) ::*Giuliano Corbelli, Gio. Paolo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1581–1582) ::*Ippolito Gombertini, Pier Marino Cionini, Captains Regent (1582) ::*Gio. Antonio Leonardelli, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1582–1583) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Marc'Antonio Gozi, Captains Regent (1583) ::*Pier Paolo Corbelli, Francesco Martelli, Captains Regent (1583–1584) ::*Federico Sinibaldi, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1584) ::*Innocenzo Brancuti, Gio. Lodovico Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1584–1585) ::*Bonetto Bonetti, Gio. Maria Giangi, Captains Regent (1585) ::*Giuliano Corbelli, Liberio Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1585–1586) ::*Ascanio Belluzzi, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1586) ::*Paol'Antonio Onofri, Giambattista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1586–1587) ::*Lodovico Belluzzi, Pier Marino Cionini, Captains Regent (1587) ::*Gio. Antonio Leonardelli, Pier Paolo Corbelli, Captains Regent (1587–1588) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1588) ::*Marc'Aurelio Brancuti, Giambattista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1588–1589) ::*Giuliano Corbelli, Liberio Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1589) ::*Federico Sinibaldi, Marino Pellicieri, Captains Regent (1589–1590) ::*Francesco Giannini, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1590) ::*Orazio Giannini, Giambattista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1590–1591) ::*Lodovico Belluzzi, Ascanio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1591) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Ottaviano Gozi, Captains Regent (1591–1592) ::*Pier Marino Cionini, Giuliano Gozi, Camillo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1592) ::*Giovanni Paolo Belluzzi, Paol'Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1592–1593) ::*Giuliano Corbelli, Annibale Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1593) ::*Giambattista Belluzzi, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1593–1594) ::*Liberio Gabrielli, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1594) ::*Federico Brandani, Vincenzo Giannini, Captains Regent (1594–1595) ::*Fabrizio Belluzzi, Francesco Maria Corbelli, Captains Regent (1595) ::*Pier Marino Cionini, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1595–1596) ::*Orazio Belluzzi, Matteo Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1596) ::*Camillo Bonelli, Annibale Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1596–1597) ::*Paolo Antonio Onofri, Gio. Francesco Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1597) ::*Camillo Bonelli, Annibale Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1597–1598) ::*Giuliano Gozi, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1598) ::*Giambattista Belluzzi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1598–1599) ::*Pier Marino Cionini, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1599) ::*Orazio Belluzzi, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1599–1600) ::*Pier Francesco Bonetti, Belluzzo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1600) ::*Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Fabrizio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1600–1601) • Grand Duchy of Tuscany (complete list) – :*Cosimo I, Duke (1537–1569), Grand Duke (1569–1574) :*Francesco I, Grand Duke (1574–1587) :*Ferdinando I, Grand Duke (1587–1609) • Republic of Venice (complete list) – :*Agostino Barbarigo, Doge (1486–1501) :*Leonardo Loredan, Doge (1501–1521) :*Antonio Grimani, Doge (1521–1523) :*Andrea Gritti, Doge (1523–1538) :*Pietro Lando, Doge (1538–1545) :*Francesco Donato, Doge (1545–1553) :*Marcantonio Trevisan, Doge (1553–1554) :*Francesco Venier, Doge (1554–1556) :*Lorenzo Priuli, Doge (1556–1559) :*Girolamo Priuli, Doge (1559–1567) :*Pietro Loredan, Doge (1567–1570) :*Alvise I Mocenigo, Doge (1570–1577) :*Sebastiano Venier, Doge (1577–1578) :*Nicolò da Ponte, Doge (1578–1585) :*Pasqual Cicogna, Doge (1585–1595) :*Marino Grimani, Doge (1595–1606) Southern Italy • Kingdom of Naples (complete list) – :*Frederick I, King (1496–1501) :*Louis III, King (1501–1504) :*Ferdinand III, King (1504–1516) :*Joanna III, Queen (1516–1555) :*Charles IV, King (1516–1554) :*Philip I, King (1554–1598) :*Philip II, King (1598–1621) • Kingdom of Trinacria: Sicily (complete list) – :*Ferdinand II, King (1468–1516) :*Joanna, Queen (1516–1555) :*Charles I, King (1516–1556) :*Philip II, King (1554–1598) :*Philip III, King (1598–1621) Malta • Hospitaller Malta (complete list) – :*Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, Grand Master (1521–1534) :*Piero de Ponte, Grand Master (1534–1535) :*Didier de Saint-Jaille, Grand Master (1535–1536) :*Juan de Homedes, Grand Master (1536–1553) :*Claude de la Sengle, Grand Master (1553–1557) :*Jean Parisot de Valette, Grand Master (1557–1568) :*Pierre de Monte, Grand Master (1568–1572) :*Jean de la Cassière, Grand Master (1572–1581) :*Mathurin Romegas, Lieutenant (1577–1581) :*Mathurin Romegas, anti-Grand Master (1581) :*Hugues Loubenx de Verdalle, Grand Master (1581–1595) :*Martín Garzés, Grand Master (1595–1601) Europe: Southwest Andorra • Andorra :*Episcopal Co-Princes (complete list) – ::*Pedro Folc de Cardona / Pere de Cardona, Episcopal Co-Prince (1472–1512, 1513–1515) ::*Joan d'Espés, Episcopal Co-Prince (1515–1530) ::*Pedro Jordán de Urries, Episcopal Co-Prince (1532–1533) ::*Francisco de Urríes, Episcopal Co-Prince (1533–1551) ::*Miquel Despuig, Episcopal Co-Prince (1552–1556) ::*Juan Pérez Garcia de Oliván, Episcopal Co-Prince (1556–1560) ::*Pere de Castellet, Episcopal Co-Prince (1561–1571) ::*Joan Dimes Lloris, Episcopal Co-Prince (1571–1576) ::*Miquel Jeroni Morell, Episcopal Co-Prince (1578–1579) ::*Hug Ambrós de Montcada, Episcopal Co-Prince (1579–1586) ::*Andreu Capella, Episcopal Co-Prince (1588–1609) :*French Co-Princes (complete list) – ::*Catherine, French Co-Princess (1483–1512, 1513–1517) ::*Henry II, French Co-Prince (1517–1555) ::*Joan III, French Co-Princess (1555–1572) ::*Henry IV, French Co-Prince (1572–1610) Navarre • Kingdom of Navarre (complete list) – :*Catherine, Queen (1483–1517) :*John III, King (1484–1516) :*Henry II, King (1517–1555) :*Jeanne III, Queen (1555–1572) :*Antoine, King (1555–1562) :*Henry III, King (1572–1610) • County of Ribagorza (complete list) – :*John, Count (1485–1512) :*Alfonso, Count (1512–1533) :*Martin, Count (1533–1565, 1573–1581) :*John Alfonso, Count (1565–1573) :*Ferdinand, Count (1581–1592) :*Francis, Count (1592–1598) Portugal • Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves / Portugal (complete list) – :*Manuel I, King (1495–1521) :*John III, King (1521–1557) :*Sebastian I, King (1557–1578) :*Henry I, King (1578–1580) :*Philip I, King (1581–1598) :*Philip II, King (1598–1621) Spain • Trastámara Spain: Crown of Castile and Crown of Aragon (complete list, complete list) – :*Isabella I the Catholic, Queen of Castile (1474–1504) :*Ferdinand the Catholic, King of Castile (1474–1504), of Aragon (1479–1516) :*Philip I the Handsome, King of Castile (1506) :*Joanna the Mad, Queen of Castile (1504–1555), of Aragon (1516–1555) :*Charles I, King (1516–1556) • Habsburg Spain: Crown of Castile and Crown of Aragon :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Joanna the Mad, Queen (1504–1555) ::*Charles I, King (1516–1556) ::*Philip II the Prudent, King (1556–1598) ::*Philip III the Pious, King (1598–1621) Europe: West France • Kingdom of France: Ancien Régime (complete list) – :*Louis XII, King (1498–1515) :*Francis I, King (1515–1547) :*Henry II, King (1547–1559) :*Francis II, King (1559–1560) :*Charles IX, King (1560–1574) :*Henry III, King (1574–1589) :*Henry IV, King (1589–1610) • Anjou (complete list) – :*Louise, Duke (1476–1531) :*Henry II, Duke (1566–1576) • Auvergne (complete list) – :*John III, Count of Auvergne, Count (1494–1501) :*Anne de La Tour d'Auvergne, Count (1501–1524) :*Catherine de' Medici, Count (1524–1589) :*Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, Count (1589–1608) • County of Boulogne (complete list) – :*John V, Count (1497–1501) • Duchy of Brittany (complete list) – :*Anne, Duchess (1488–1514) :*Claude, Duchess (1514–1524) :*Francis III, Duke (1524–1536) :*Henry, Duke (1536–1547) • County of Maine (complete list) – :*Charles VI of Maine, Count (?–1611) • Monaco (complete list) – :*Jean II, Lord (1494–1505) :*Lucien, Lord (1505–1523) :*Honoré I, Lord (1523–1581) :*Charles II, Lord (1581–1589) :*Ercole, Lord (1589–1604) • County / Duchy of Nevers (complete list) – :*Engelbert of Cleves, Count (1491–1506) :*Charles II, Count of Nevers, Count (1506–1521) :*François I, Duke (1521–1562) :*François II, Duke (1562–1563) :*Jacques, Duchess (1563–1564) :*Henriette of Cleves, Duke (1564–1601) :*Louis Gonzaga, Duke (1566–1595) :*Charles III Gonzaga, Duke (1595–1637) Low Countries • United Provinces: Dutch Republic :::For the preceding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*Stadtholders (complete list) – ::*Maurice, Stadtholder (1585–1625) :*Grand pensionaries (complete list) – ::*Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Grand Pensionary (1586–1619) • County of Drenthe (complete list) – ::For the preceding rulers, see the County of Drenthe under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594) :*Frederik van den Bergh, in name only, Stadtholder (1595–1618) :*William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg, Stadtholder (1595–1620) • County of Flanders (complete list) – :*Philip IV the Handsome, Count (1482–1506) :*Charles III, Count (1506–1555) :*Philip V, Count (1555–1598) :*Isabella Clara Eugenia, Countess (1598–1621) • Lordship of Frisia (complete list) – ::For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Frisia under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594) :*William I, Stadtholder (1580–1884) :*William Louis, Stadtholder (1584–1620) • Lordship of Groningen (complete list) – ::For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Groningen under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594) :*William Louis, Stadtholder (1584–1620) • Duchy of Guelders (complete list) – ::For the preceding rulers, see the Duchy of Guelders under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*William IV of Bergh, Stadtholder (1581–1585) :*Claude de Berlaymont, Stadtholder (1585–1587) :*Florent de Berlaymont, Stadtholder (1587–1626) :*Adolf van Nieuwenaar, Stadtholder (1584–1589) :*Maurice, Stadtholder (1590–1625) • County of Holland, Lordship of Utrecht, County of Zeeland (complete list) – ::For the preceding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*William I, Stadtholder (1572–1584) :*Adolf van Nieuwenaar, Stadtholder (1584–1589) :*Maurice, Stadtholder (1585–1625) • Lordship of Overijssel (complete list) – ::For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Overijssel under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire :*Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594) :*Adolf van Nieuwenaar, Stadtholder (1584–1589) :*Frederik van den Bergh, Stadtholder (1594–1618) Eurasia: Caucasus Azerbaijan • Quba Khanate (complete list) – :*Huseyn Ali, Khan (1680–1721) Georgia • Kingdom of Imereti (complete list) – :*Alexander II, King (1478–1510) :*Bagrat III, King (1510–1565) :*George II, King (1565–1585) :*Leon, King (1585–1588) :*Rostom, King (1588–1589, 1590–1605) :*Bagrat IV, King (1589–1590) • Kingdom of Kakheti (complete list) – :*Alexander I, King (1476–1511) :*George II the Bad, King (1511–1513) ::rule by the Kingdom of Kartli (1513–1520) :*Levan, King (1520–1574) :*Alexander II (Ottoman vassal after 1578), King (1574–1602, 1602–1605) • Kingdom of Kartli (complete list) – :*Constantine II, King (1478–1505) :*David X, King (1505–1525) :*George IX, King (1525–1527/34) :*Luarsab I, King (1527/34–1556/58) :*Simon I, King (1556–1569, 1578–1599) :*David XI, King (1562/69–1578) :*George X, King (1599–1606) Russia: Dagestan • Gazikumukh Khanate (complete list) – :*Surkhay II ibn Chopan, Shamkhal (1605–1614) :*Andia ibn Chopan, Shamkhal (1614–1623) :*Eldar ibn Surkhay, Shamkhal (1623–1635) :*Aidemir ibn Sultan Mahmud, Shamkhal (1635–1640) :*Alibek II ibn Tuchilav, Khan (1642–1700) :*Surkhay ibn Garai-Bek, Khan (1700–1741) ==Oceania==

Chile: Easter Island • Easter Island (complete list) – :*Mahaki Tapu Vae Iti (Mahiki Tapuakiti), King (?) :*Ngau-ka Te Mahaki or Tuu Koiho (Ko-Tuu-ihu?), King (?) :*Anakena, King (?) :*Hanga Rau, King (?) :*Marama Ariki, King (c.1600) Tonga • Tuʻi Tonga Empire (complete list) – :*Kau Vaka'uta, King (?) :*Siulangapō, King (?) :*Vakalahi-Moheʻuli, King (c.1550) :*Moʻunga ʻo Tonga, King (?) United States: Hawaii • Island of Hawaiʻi (complete list) – :*Hākau, supreme high chief (1495–1510) :*'Umi-a-Līloa, supreme high chief (1510–1525) :*Kealiʻiokaloa, supreme high chief (1525–1545) :*Keawenuiaʻumi, supreme high chief (1545–1575) :*Kaikilani, supreme high chief (female) (1575–1605) ==See also==