July 15

Pre-1600 • 484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome. • 70 – First Jewish–Roman War: Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. (17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar). • 756 – An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong of Tang is ordered by his Imperial Guards to execute chancellor Yang Guozhong by forcing him to commit suicide or face a mutiny. General An Lushan has other members of the emperor's family killed. • 1099 – First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final assault of a difficult siege. • 1149 – The reconstructed Church of the Holy Sepulchre is consecrated in Jerusalem. • 1207 – King John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop Stephen Langton. • 1240 – Swedish–Novgorodian Wars: A Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva. • 1381 – John Ball, a leader in the Peasants' Revolt, is hanged, drawn and quartered in the presence of King Richard II of England. • 1410 – Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War: Battle of Grunwald: The allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the army of the Teutonic Order. • 1482 – Muhammad XI is crowned the twenty-second and last Nasrid king of Granada. 1601–1900 • 1640 – The first university of Finland, the Royal Academy of Turku, is inaugurated in Turku. • 1738 – Baruch Laibov and Alexander Voznitsyn are burned alive in St. Petersburg, Russia. Vonitzin had converted to Judaism with Laibov's help, with the consent of Empress Anna Ivanovna. • 1741 – Aleksei Chirikov sights land in Southeast Alaska. He sends men ashore in a longboat, making them the first Europeans to visit Alaska. • 1789 – French Revolution: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, is named by acclamation Colonel General of the new National Guard of Paris. • 1799 – The Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon's Egyptian Campaign. • 1806 – Pike Expedition: United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine near St. Louis, Missouri, to explore the west. • 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon Bonaparte surrenders aboard . • 1823 – A fire destroys the ancient Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome, Italy. • 1834 – The Spanish Inquisition is officially disbanded after nearly 356 years. • 1838 – Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage. • 1849 – The first air raid in history occurs; Austria launches pilotless balloons against the city of Venice • 1862 – American Civil War: The CSS Arkansas, the most effective ironclad on the Mississippi River, battles with Union Navy ships commanded by Admiral David Farragut, severely damaging three ships and sustaining heavy damage herself. • 1870 – Reconstruction Era of the United States: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union. • 1870 – Canadian Confederation: Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson's Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories. • 1888 – The stratovolcano Mount Bandai erupts, killing approximately 500 people in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. 1901–present • 1910 – In his book Clinical Psychiatry, Emil Kraepelin gives a name to Alzheimer's disease, naming it after his colleague Alois Alzheimer. • 1916 – In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing). • 1918 – World War I: The Second Battle of the Marne begins near the River Marne with a German attack. • 1920 – Aftermath of World War I: The Parliament of Poland establishes Silesian Voivodeship before the Polish-German plebiscite. • 1922 – The Japanese Communist Party is established in Japan. • 1927 – Massacre of July 15, 1927: Eighty-nine protesters are killed by Austrian police in Vienna. • 1942 – The Holocaust: Nazi Germany begins the deportation of 100,000 Jews from the occupied Netherlands to extermination camps. • 1946 – The State of North Borneo, now Sabah, Malaysia, is annexed by the United Kingdom. • 1954 – The Boeing 367-80, the prototype for both the Boeing 707 and C-135 series, takes its first flight. • 1955 – Eighteen Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, later co-signed by thirty-four others. • 1966 – Vietnam War: The United States and South Vietnam begin Operation Hastings to push the North Vietnamese out of the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone. • 1971 – The United Red Army is founded in Japan. • 1974 – In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek junta-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d'état, deposing Makarios III and installing Nikos Sampson as the president of Cyprus. • 1975 – Space Race: Apollo–Soyuz Test Project features the dual launch of an Apollo spacecraft and a Soyuz spacecraft on the first Soviet-United States human-crewed flight. It was the last launch of both an Apollo spacecraft, and the Saturn family of rockets. • 1975 – Aeroflot Flight E-15 crashes on approach to Batumi International Airport, killing 40. • 1979 – U.S. president Jimmy Carter gives his "malaise speech". • 1983 – An attack at Orly Airport in Paris is launched by Armenian militant organisation ASALA, leaving eight people dead and 55 injured. • 1983 – Nintendo and Sega enter the console market with the respective releases of the Famicom and SG-1000 in Japan. • 1996 – A Belgian Air Force C-130 Hercules carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport. • 1998 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP S. Shanmuganathan is killed by a claymore mine. • 2002 – "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and possession of explosives during the commission of a felony. • 2002 – The Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan sentences British born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh to death, and three others suspected of murdering The Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl to life. • 2003 – AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day. • 2006 – Twitter, later one of the largest social media platforms in the world, is launched. • 2009 – Caspian Airlines Flight 7908 crashes near Jannatabad, Qazvin, Iran, killing 168. • 2009 – Space Shuttle program: Endeavour is launched on STS-127 to complete assembly of the International Space Station's Kibō module. • 2012 – South Korean rapper Psy releases his hit single Gangnam Style. • 2014 – A train derails on the Moscow Metro, killing at least 24 and injuring more than 160 others. • 2016 – Factions of the Turkish Armed Forces attempt a coup. • 2018 – France win their second World Cup title, defeating Croatia 4–2. ==Births==

Pre-1600 • 980 – Ichijō, Japanese emperor (died 1011) • 1273 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and saint (died 1352) • 1353 – Vladimir the Bold, Russian prince (died 1410) • 1359 – Antonio Correr, Italian cardinal (died 1445) • 1442 – Boček IV of Poděbrady, Bohemian nobleman (died 1496) • 1455 – Queen Yun, Korean queen (died 1482) • 1471 – Eskender, Ethiopian emperor (died 1494) • 1478 – Barbara Jagiellon, duchess consort of Saxony and Margravine consort of Meissen (died 1534) • 1573 – Inigo Jones, English architect, designed the Queen's House (died 1652) • 1600 – Jan Cossiers, Flemish painter (died 1671) 1601–1900 • 1606 – Rembrandt, Dutch painter and etcher (died 1669) • 1611 – Jai Singh I, maharaja of Jaipur (died 1667) • 1613 – Gu Yanwu, Chinese philologist and geographer (died 1682) • 1631 – Jens Juel, Danish politician and diplomat, Governor-general of Norway (died 1700) • 1631 – Richard Cumberland, English philosopher (died 1718) • 1638 – Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani, Italian violinist and composer (died 1693) • 1704 – August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (died 1792) • 1779 – Clement Clarke Moore, American author, poet, and educator (died 1863) • 1793 – Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, American educator, author, editor (died 1884) • 1796 – Thomas Bulfinch, American mythologist (died 1867) • 1799 – Reuben Chapman, American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Alabama (died 1882) • 1800 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (died 1878) • 1808 – Henry Edward Manning, English cardinal (died 1892) • 1812 – James Hope-Scott, English lawyer and academic (died 1873) • 1817 – Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet, English engineer, designed the Forth Bridge (died 1898) • 1827 – W. W. Thayer American lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of Oregon (died 1899) • 1848 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist and sociologist (died 1923) • 1850 – Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American nun and saint (died 1917) • 1852 – Josef Josephi, Polish-born singer and actor (died 1920) • 1858 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English political activist and suffragist (died 1928) • 1864 – Marie Tempest, English actress and singer (died 1942) • 1865 – Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, Anglo-Irish businessman and publisher, founded the Amalgamated Press (died 1922) • 1865 – Wilhelm Wirtinger, Austrian-German mathematician and theorist (died 1945) • 1867 – Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French physician and explorer (died 1936) • 1871 – Doppo Kunikida, Japanese journalist, author, and poet (died 1908) • 1880 – Enrique Mosca, Argentinian lawyer and politician (died 1950) • 1883 – Denny Barry Irish Republican died during the 1923 Irish Hunger Strikes (died 1923) • 1887 – Wharton Esherick, American sculptor (died 1970) • 1892 – Walter Benjamin, German philosopher and critic (died 1940) • 1893 – Enid Bennett, Australian-American actress (died 1969) • 1893 – Dick Rauch, American football player and coach (died 1970) • 1894 – Tadeusz Sendzimir, Polish-American engineer (died 1989) • 1899 – Seán Lemass, Irish soldier and politician, 4th Taoiseach of Ireland (died 1971) 1901–present • 1902 – Jean Rey, Belgian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the European Commission (died 1983) • 1903 – Walter D. Edmonds, American journalist and author (died 1998) • 1903 – K. Kamaraj, Indian journalist and politician (died 1975) • 1904 – Rudolf Arnheim, German-American psychologist and author (died 2007) • 1905 – Dorothy Fields, American songwriter (died 1974) • 1905 – Anita Farra, Italian actress (died 2008) • 1906 – R. S. Mugali, Indian poet and academic (died 1993) • 1906 – Rudolf Uhlenhaut, English-German engineer (died 1989) • 1909 – Jean Hamburger, French physician and surgeon (died 1992) • 1911 – Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton, English geographer and politician, Secretary of State for Air (died 1994) • 1913 – Cowboy Copas, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1963) • 1913 – Hammond Innes, English journalist and author (died 1998) • 1913 – Abraham Sutzkever, Russian poet and author (died 2010) • 1914 – Birabongse Bhanudej, Thai racing driver and sailor, member of the Thai royal family (died 1985) • 1914 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist, scholar, and activist (died 1999) • 1914 – Howard Vernon, Swiss-French actor (died 1996) • 1915 – Albert Ghiorso, American chemist and academic (died 2010) • 1915 – Kashmir Singh Katoch, Indian army officer (died 2007) • 1916 – Sumner Gerard, American politician and diplomat (died 2005) • 1917 – Robert Conquest, English-American historian, poet, and academic (died 2015) • 1917 – Joan Roberts, American actress and singer (died 2012) • 1917 – Nur Muhammad Taraki, Afghan journalist and politician (died 1979) • 1918 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2003) • 1918 – Brenda Milner, English-Canadian neuropsychologist and academic • 1919 – Fritz Langanke, German lieutenant (died 2012) • 1919 – Iris Murdoch, Anglo-Irish British novelist and philosopher (died 1999) • 1921 – Henri Colpi, Swiss-French director and screenwriter (died 2006) • 1921 – Robert Bruce Merrifield, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2006) • 1922 – Leon M. Lederman, American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2018) • 1922 – Jean-Pierre Richard, French writer (died 2019) • 1924 – Jeremiah Denton, American admiral and politician (died 2014) • 1924 – Marianne Bernadotte, Swedish actress and philanthropist (died 2025) • 1925 – Philip Carey, American actor (died 2009) • 1925 – Taylor Hardwick, American architect, designed Haydon Burns Library and Friendship Fountain Park (died 2014) • 1925 – D. A. Pennebaker, American documentary filmmaker (died 2019) • 1925 – Evan Hultman, American politician (died 2025) • 1925 – Antony Carbone, American actor (died 2020) • 1925 – Pandel Savic, American football player (died 2018) • 1926 – Driss Chraïbi, Moroccan-French journalist and author (died 2007) • 1926 – Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentinian general and politician, 44th President of Argentina (died 2003) • 1926 – Raymond Gosling, English physicist and academic (died 2015) • 1926 – Sir John Graham, 4th Baronet, English diplomat (died 2019) • 1927 – Nan Martin, American actress (died 2010) • 1927 – Carmen Zapata, American actress (died 2014) • 1927 – Håkon Brusveen, Norwegian cross-country skier (died 2021) • 1928 – Carl Woese, American microbiologist and biophysicist (died 2012) • 1928 – Viramachaneni Vimla Devi, Indian parliamentarian (died 1967) • 1929 – Charles Anthony, American tenor and actor (died 2012) • 1929 – Francis Bebey, Cameroonian-French guitarist (died 2001) • 1929 – Ian Stewart, Scottish racing driver (died 2017) • 1930 – Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (died 2004) • 1930 – Richard Garneau, Canadian journalist and sportscaster (died 2013) • 1930 – Stephen Smale, American mathematician and computer scientist • 1930 – Einosuke Akiya, Japanese Buddhist leader • 1931 – Clive Cussler, American archaeologist and author (died 2020) • 1931 – Joanna Merlin, American actress and casting director (died 2023) • 1931 – Jacques-Yvan Morin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Deputy Premier of Quebec (died 2023) • 1932 – Ed Litzenberger, Canadian ice hockey player (died 2010) • 1933 – Guido Crepax, Italian author and illustrator (died 2003) • 1933 – M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian author and screenwriter (died 2024) • 1934 – Harrison Birtwistle, English composer and academic (died 2022) • 1934 – Eva Krížiková, Czech actress (died 2020) • 1934 – Risto Jarva, Finnish director and producer (died 1977) • 1935 – Donn Clendenon, American baseball player and lawyer (died 2005) • 1935 – Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (died 2012) • 1935 – Ken Kercheval, American actor and director (died 2019) • 1936 – George Voinovich, American lawyer and politician, 65th Governor of Ohio (died 2016) • 1937 – Prabhash Joshi, Indian journalist (died 2009) • 1938 – Bill Alsup, American racing driver (died 2016) • 1938 – Ernie Barnes, American football player, actor, and painter (died 2009) • 1938 – Carmen Callil, Australian publisher, founded Virago Press (died 2022) • 1938 – Barry Goldwater, Jr., American lawyer and politician • 1939 – Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Portuguese economist and politician, 19th President of the Portuguese Republic • 1940 – Chris Cord, American racing driver (died 2022) • 1940 – Denis Héroux, Canadian director and producer (died 2015) • 1940 – Ronald Gene Simmons, American sergeant and convicted murderer (died 1990) • 1940 – Robert Winston, English surgeon, academic, and politician • 1941 – Livia Gouverneur, Venezuelan activist (died 1961) • 1942 – Vivian Malone Jones, American civil rights activist (died 2005) • 1943 – Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Northern Irish astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic • 1944 – Millie Jackson, American singer-songwriter • 1944 – Jan-Michael Vincent, American actor (died 2019) • 1944 – Nigel Williams, English conservator (died 1992) • 1945 – David Arthur Granger, Guyanese politician, 9th President of Guyana • 1945 – Peter Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1945 – Jürgen Möllemann, German soldier and politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany (died 2003) • 1946 – Linda Ronstadt, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress • 1946 – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei • 1947 – Lydia Davis, American short story writer, novelist, and essayist • 1947 – Pridiyathorn Devakula, Thai economist and politician, Thai Minister of Finance • 1947 – Roky Erickson, American singer-songwriter and musician (died 2019) • 1948 – Twinkle, English singer-songwriter (died 2015) • 1948 – Dimosthenis Kourtovik, Greek anthropologist and critic • 1948 – Artimus Pyle, American rock drummer and songwriter • 1949 – Carl Bildt, Swedish politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Sweden • 1949 – Trevor Horn, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer • 1949 – Harvey C. Krautschun, American politician (died 2026) • 1949 – Richard Russo, American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter • 1950 – Colin Barnett, Australian economist and politician, 29th Premier of Western Australia • 1950 – Arianna Huffington, Greek-American journalist and publisher • 1951 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (died 2010) • 1951 – Jesse Ventura, American wrestler, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of Minnesota • 1952 – John Cleland, British racing driver • 1952 – Celia Imrie, English actress • 1952 – Terry O'Quinn, American actor • 1952 – David Pack, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer • 1952 – Marky Ramone, American drummer and songwriter • 1952 – Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1991) • 1953 – Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Haitian priest and politician, 49th President of Haiti • 1953 – Sultanah Haminah, Malaysian royal consort • 1953 – Mohamad Shahrum Osman, Malaysian politician • 1953 – Alicia Bridges, American singer-songwriter • 1954 – John Ferguson, Australian rugby league player • 1954 – Giorgos Kaminis, American-Greek lawyer and politician, 78th Mayor of Athens • 1954 – Mario Kempes, Argentinian footballer and manager • 1956 – Ashoke Sen, Indian theoretical physicist and string theorist • 1956 – Ian Curtis, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1980) • 1956 – Nicholas Harberd, British botanist, educator, and academician • 1956 – Barry Melrose, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster • 1956 – Steve Mortimer, Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator • 1956 – Joe Satriani, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1956 – Wayne Taylor, South African racing driver • 1957 – Cecile Richards, American activist and former Planned Parenthood president (died 2025) • 1958 – Gary Heale, English footballer and coach • 1958 – Mac Thornberry, American lawyer and politician • 1959 – Vincent Lindon, French actor, director, and screenwriter • 1961 – Lolita Davidovich, Canadian actress • 1961 – Jean-Christophe Grangé, French journalist and screenwriter • 1961 – Forest Whitaker, American actor • 1962 – Nikos Filippou, Greek basketball player and manager • 1962 – Michelle Ford, Australian swimmer • 1963 – Brigitte Nielsen, Danish-Italian actress • 1963 – Steve Thomas, English-Canadian ice hockey player and coach • 1965 – Alistair Carmichael, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland • 1965 – Gero Miesenböck, Austrian neuroscientist and educator • 1965 – David Miliband, English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs • 1966 – Jason Bonham, English singer-songwriter and drummer • 1966 – Irène Jacob, French-Swiss actress • 1967 – Adam Savage, American actor and special effects designer • 1967 – Elbert West, American singer-songwriter (died 2015) • 1968 – Eddie Griffin, American comedian, actor, and producer • 1969 – Ain Tammus, Estonian footballer and coach • 1970 – Tarkan Gözübüyük, Turkish bass player and producer • 1971 – Jim Rash, American actor, comedian, and filmmaker • 1972 – Scott Foley, American actor • 1973 – Brian Austin Green, American actor • 1973 – Buju Banton, Jamaican singer • 1975 – Cherry, American wrestler and manager • 1975 – Danny Law, English cricketer • 1975 – Ben Pepper, Australian basketball player • 1976 – Steve Cunningham, American boxer • 1976 – Marco Di Vaio, Italian footballer • 1976 – Diane Kruger, German actress and model • 1976 – Gabriel Iglesias, Mexican-American comedian and voice actor • 1977 – D. J. Kennington, Canadian racing driver • 1977 – André Nel, South African cricketer • 1977 – Lana Parrilla, American actress • 1977 – John St. Clair, American football player • 1977 – Ray Toro, American singer-songwriter and guitarist • 1978 – Miguel Olivo, Dominican baseball player • 1979 – Laura Benanti, American actress and singer • 1979 – Alexander Frei, Swiss footballer • 1979 – Edda Garðarsdóttir, Icelandic footballer • 1979 – Renata Kučerová, Czech tennis player • 1980 – Reggie Abercrombie, American baseball player • 1980 – Jonathan Cheechoo, Canadian ice hockey player • 1980 – Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (died 2017) • 1981 – Alou Diarra, French footballer • 1981 – Petros Klampanis, Greek bassist and composer • 1981 – Marius Stankevičius, Lithuanian footballer • 1982 – Julien Canal, French racing driver • 1982 – Neemia Tialata, New Zealand rugby player • 1982 – Aída Yéspica, Venezuelan model and actress • 1983 – Salvatore Iovino, American racing driver • 1983 – Nelson Merlo, Brazilian racing driver • 1983 – Heath Slater, American wrestler • 1984 – Angelo Siniscalchi, Italian footballer • 1984 – Veronika Velez-Zuzulová, Slovak skier • 1986 – Yahya Abdul-Mateen II, American actor • 1986 – Tyler Kennedy, Canadian ice hockey player • 1986 – Kareem Rahma, Egyptian-American comedian, artist, and media entrepreneur • 1989 – Alisa Kleybanova, Russian tennis player • 1989 – Anthony Randolph, American basketball player • 1990 – Olly Alexander, English singer and actor • 1990 – Zach Bogosian, American ice hockey player • 1990 – Damian Lillard, American basketball player • 1990 – Tyler Young, American racing driver • 1991 – Danilo, Brazilian footballer • 1991 – Derrick Favors, American basketball player • 1991 – Evgeny Tishchenko, Russian boxer • 1991 – Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Spanish tennis player • 1992 – Tobias Harris, American basketball player • 1992 – Wayde van Niekerk, South African sprinter • 1993 – Håvard Nielsen, Norwegian footballer • 1993 – Harrison Rhodes, American racing driver • 1993 – Masataka Yoshida, Japanese baseball player • 1996 – Vivianne Miedema, Dutch football player • 1997 – Jil Teichmann, Swiss tennis player • 1998 – Noah Gragson, American racing driver • 1999 – Mohamed Sobhy, Egyptian footballer • 2005 – JuJu Watkins, American basketball player • 2008 – Iain Armitage, American actor ==Deaths==

Pre-1600 • 756 – Yang Guifei, consort of Xuan Zong (born 719) • 998 – Abū al-Wafā' Būzjānī, Persian mathematician and astronomer (born 940) • 1015 – Vladimir the Great, Grand prince of Kievan Rus' (born c. 958) • 1274 – Bonaventure, Italian bishop and saint (born 1221) • 1291 – Rudolf I of Germany (born 1218) • 1299 – King Eric II of Norway (born c. 1268) • 1381 – John Ball, English Lollard priest • 1388 – Agnes of Durazzo, titular Latin empress consort of Constantinople (born 1313) • 1397 – Catherine of Henneberg, German ruler (born c. 1334) • 1406 – William, Duke of Austria • 1410 – Ulrich von Jungingen, German Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (born 1360) • 1445 – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland • 1542 – Lisa del Giocondo, subject of Leonardo da Vinci's painting Mona Lisa (born 1479) • 1544 – René of Châlon (born 1519) • 1571 – Shimazu Takahisa, Japanese daimyō (born 1514) 1601–1900 • 1609 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter and illustrator (born 1560) • 1614 – Pierre de Bourdeille, seigneur de Brantôme, French soldier, historian and author (born 1540) • 1655 – Girolamo Rainaldi, Italian architect (born 1570) • 1685 – James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, Dutch-born English general and claimant to the throne, executed (born 1649) • 1750 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (born 1686) • 1765 – Charles-André van Loo, French painter (born 1705) • 1789 – Jacques Duphly, French harpsichord player and composer (born 1715) • 1828 – Jean-Antoine Houdon, French sculptor (born 1741) • 1839 – Winthrop Mackworth Praed, English poet and politician (born 1802) • 1844 – Claude Charles Fauriel, French philologist and historian (born 1772) • 1851 – Anne-Marie Javouhey, French nun, founder of the Sisters of St Joseph of Cluny (born 1779) • 1851 – Juan Felipe Ibarra, Argentinian general and politician (born 1787) • 1857 – Carl Czerny, Austrian pianist and composer (born 1791) • 1858 – Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (born 1806) • 1883 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer (born 1838) • 1885 – Rosalía de Castro, Spanish author and poet (born 1837) • 1890 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet and playwright (born 1819) • 1898 – Jean-Baptiste Salpointe, French-American archbishop (born 1825) 1901–present • 1904 – Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short story writer (born 1860) • 1919 – Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1852) • 1929 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (born 1874) • 1930 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (born 1845) • 1930 – Leonora Barry, Irish-born American social activist (born 1849) • 1931 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian-German economist and mathematician (born 1868) • 1932 – Bahíyyih Khánum, Iranian writer and leader in the Baha'i faith (born 1846) • 1932 – Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven, South African poet and politician (born 1873) • 1933 – Irving Babbitt, American scholar, critic, and academic (born 1865) • 1933 – Freddie Keppard, American cornet player (born 1890) • 1940 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and physician (born 1857) • 1940 – Robert Wadlow, American giant, 8"11' 271 cm (born 1918) • 1942 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino lawyer and politician (born 1910) • 1944 – Marie-Victorin Kirouac, Canadian botanist and academic (born 1885) • 1946 – Razor Smith, English cricketer and coach (born 1877) • 1947 – Walter Donaldson, American soldier and songwriter (born 1893) • 1948 – John J. Pershing, American general (born 1860) • 1953 – Geevarghese Mar Ivanios, Indian archbishop, founded the Order of the Imitation of Christ (born 1882) • 1957 – James M. Cox, American publisher and politician, 46th Governor of Ohio (born 1870) • 1957 – Vasily Maklakov, a Russian lawyer and politician (born 1869) • 1959 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer and academic (born 1880) • 1959 – Vance Palmer, Australian author and critic (born 1885) • 1960 – Set Persson, Swedish politician (born 1897) • 1960 – Lawrence Tibbett, American singer and actor (born 1896) • 1961 – John Edward Brownlee, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Alberta (born 1884) • 1961 – Nina Bari, Russian mathematician (born 1901) • 1965 – Francis Cherry, American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Arkansas (born 1908) • 1966 – Seyfi Arkan, Turkish architect (born 1903) • 1969 – Grace Hutchins, American labor reformer and researcher (born 1885) • 1974 – Christine Chubbuck, American journalist (born 1944) • 1976 – Paul Gallico, American journalist and author (born 1897) • 1977 – Donald Mackay, Australian businessman and activist (born 1933) • 1979 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Mexican academic and politician, 29th President of Mexico (born 1911) • 1981 – Frédéric Dorion, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (born 1898) • 1982 – Bill Justis, American saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (born 1926) • 1986 – Billy Haughton, American harness racer and trainer (born 1923) • 1988 – Eleanor Estes, American librarian, author, and illustrator (born 1906) • 1989 – Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (born 1956) • 1990 – Zaim Topčić, Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (born 1920) • 1990 – Margaret Lockwood, English actress (born 1916) • 1990 – Omar Abu Risha, Syrian poet and diplomat, 4th Syrian Ambassador to the United States (born 1910) • 1991 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (born 1933) • 1992 – Hammer DeRoburt, Nauruan educator and politician, 1st President of Nauru (born 1922) • 1992 – Chingiz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani journalist and author (born 1960) • 1997 – Justinas Lagunavičius, Lithuanian basketball player (born 1924) • 1997 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer, founded Versace (born 1946) • 1998 – S. Shanmuganathan, Sri Lankan politician (born 1960) • 2000 – Louis Quilico, Canadian opera singer and educator (born 1925) • 2001 – C. Balasingham, Sri Lankan lawyer and civil servant (born 1917) • 2003 – Roberto Bolaño, Chilean novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essayist (born 1953) • 2003 – Elisabeth Welch, American actress and singer (born 1904) • 2006 – Robert H. Brooks, American businessman, founder of Hooters and Naturally Fresh, Inc. (born 1937) • 2006 – Alireza Shapour Shahbazi, Iranian archaeologist and academic (born 1942) • 2008 – György Kolonics, Hungarian canoe racer (born 1972) • 2010 – James E. Akins, American politician and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia (born 1926) • 2011 – Friedrich Wilhelm Schnitzler, German landowner and politician (born 1928) • 2011 – Googie Withers, British-Australian actress (born 1917) • 2012 – Boris Cebotari, Moldovan footballer (born 1975) • 2012 – Tsilla Chelton, Israeli-French actress (born 1919) • 2012 – Grant Feasel, American football player (born 1960) • 2012 – David Fraser, English general (born 1920) • 2012 – Celeste Holm, American actress and singer (born 1917) • 2012 – Yoichi Takabayashi, Japanese director and screenwriter (born 1931) • 2013 – Ninos Aho, Syrian-American poet and activist (born 1945) • 2013 – Henry Braden, American lawyer and politician (born 1944) • 2013 – Tom Greenwell, American lawyer and judge (born 1956) • 2013 – Earl Gros, American football player (born 1940) • 2013 – Noël Lee, Chinese-American pianist and composer (born 1924) • 2013 – Meskerem Legesse, Ethiopian runner (born 1986) • 2013 – John T. Riedl, American computer scientist and academic (born 1962) • 2014 – Óscar Acosta, Honduran author, poet, and diplomat (born 1933) • 2014 – James MacGregor Burns, American historian, political scientist, and author (born 1918) • 2014 – Edward Perl, American neuroscientist and academic (born 1926) • 2014 – Robert A. Roe, American soldier and politician (born 1924) • 2015 – Masahiko Aoki, Japanese-American economist and academic (born 1938) • 2015 – Wan Li, Chinese politician, 4th Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (born 1916) • 2015 – Aubrey Morris, British actor (born 1926) • 2015 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (born 1933) • 2017 – Martin Landau, American film and television actor (born 1928) • 2021 – Peter R. de Vries, Dutch investigative journalist and crime reporter (born 1956) ==Holidays and observances==

• Christian feast day: • Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church) • Anne-Marie Javouhey • Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden • Bonaventure • Dispersion of the Apostles (formerly by the Catholic Church) • Donald of Ogilvy • Edith of Polesworth • Edith of Wilton • Plechelm • Quriaqos and Julietta (Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox) • Swithun • Vladimir the Great (Eastern Orthodox; Catholic Church) • July 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) • EU Day for the Victims of the Global Climate Crisis (European Union, worldwide) • Festival of Santa Rosalia (Palermo, Sicily) • Meänmaa Flag Day (Meänmaa) • Statehood Day (Ukraine) ==References==