Mesopotamia and Levant (Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria) •
Umayyad Caliphate (661–750; based in
Damascus) •
Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258; based in
Baghdad) •
Ayyubid Dynasty (1171–1341; based in
Damascus and
Aleppo) •
Zengid Dynasty (1127–1250; based in
Aleppo) •
Annazids (991–1258; Kurdistan) •
Burid Dynasty (1104–1154) •
Hamdanid dynasty (890–1004; based in
Aleppo) •
Uqaylid Dynasty (990–1096; Syria, Iraq) •
Bani Assad (990–1081; Iraq) •
Numayrid (990–1081; Syria, Turkey) •
Marwanid (983–1085; Syria, Turkey, Armenia, Iraq) •
Mirdasid dynasty (1024–1080; Syria) •
Artuqids (1101–1409; Syria, Turkey, Iraq) •
Baban (1649–1851; Iraq) •
Soran Emirate (1816–1835; Iraq) •
Emirate of Hakkari (1380s–1845; Turkey, Syria) •
Bahdinan (1339–1843; Iraq) •
Bohtan (1330–1855) •
Principality of Bitlis (1182–1847) •
Hadhabani (906–1070) •
Mukriyan (1050–1500) •
Qarghuyah,
Emirate of Aleppo (969–977) •
Nizari Ismaili State (1090–1256; Iraq, Iran, Syria) •
Emirate of Aleppo (1004–1016) •
Assaf dynasty (1306–1591; Lebanon) •
Harfush dynasty (1517–1865; Lebanon, Syria) •
Principality of Basra (1597-1668; Iraq) •
Emirate of Muntafiq (1530-1914; Southern Iraq) •
Kingdom of Khaza'il (1534-1921; Iraq, Iran, Kuwait) •
Mamluk Principality of Iraq (1704–1831) •
Emirate of Mosul (905–1096, 1127–1222, 1254–1383, 1758–1918) •
Emirate of Transjordan (1921–1946; Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq) •
Arab Kingdom of Syria (1920) •
Kingdom of Iraq (1921–1958) •
Kingdom of Jordan (1921–present)
Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf Saudi Arabia •
Rashidun Caliphate (632–661) •
Emirate of Mecca (1916–1924) Saudi State •
Emirate of Riyadh (1903–1918) Saudi State •
Manfuha Sheikhdom (1682–1834) •
Abu Arish Sheikhdom (1200–1863) •
Al Bir Sheikhdom (1600–1850) •
Al Rawdah Sheikhdom (1697–1790) •
Al-Kharj Emirate (1688–1865) •
Unaizah Emirate (1768–1904) •
Buraidah Emirate (1768–1913) •
Awdah Sheikhdom (1700–1790) •
Jalajil Sheikhdom (1762–1831) •
Harmah Sheikhdom (1700–1779) •
Al Majma'ah Sheikhdom (1758–1908) •
Shaqra Sheikhdom (1803–1834) •
Mutayr Sheikhdom (1872–1903) •
'Asir Sheikhdom (983–1003, 1728–1863) •
Sheikdom of Upper Asir (1802–1923) •
Sheikhdom of Lower 'Asir (1830–1930) •
Principality of Najran (1633–1934) •
'Uyayna Sheikhdom (1446–1768) •
Dhurma Sheikhdom (1600–1757) •
Gatgat Sultanate (1900–1924) •
Al Murrah Emirate (1900–1917) •
Emirate of Diriyah (1744–1818; First Saudi State) •
Emirate of Nejd (1818–1891; Second Saudi State) •
Emirate of Nejd and Hasa (1902–1921; Third Saudi State) •
Sharifate of Mecca (968–1925) •
Emirate of Jabal Shammar (1836–1921) •
Sultanate of Nejd (1921–1926) •
Idrisid Emirate of Asir (1909–1930) •
Kingdom of Hejaz (1916–1925) •
Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (1926–1932) •
Bani Khalid (1669–1796) •
House of Saud (1744–present)
Bahrain •
Qarmatians (899–1077) •
Uyunid Kingdom (1076–1253) •
Usfurid (1253–1320) •
Jarwanid (1305–1487) •
Jabrids (1480–1570) •
Bani Khalid (1669–1796) •
House of Khalifa (1783–present)
Qatar •
House of Thani (1825–present)
Kuwait •
House of Al-Sabah (1752–present)
United Arab Emirates •
Emirate of Abu Dhabi (1761–present) •
Emirate of Ajman (1816–present) •
Emirate of Dubai (1833–present) •
Emirate of Fujairah (1876–present) •
Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah (1727–present) •
Emirate of Sharjah (1803–present) •
Emirate of Umm Al Quwain (1775–present) •
Dibba (1871–1953) •
Hamriyya (1875–1922) •
Hira (1915–1942) •
Kalba (1871–1952)
Oman •
Sultanate of Zafar (1421–1975) •
Imamate of Oman (750–1696) •
Omani Empire (1696–1856) •
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (1820–1970) •
Sultanate of Oman (1970–present)
Yemen •
Banu Ukhaidhir (865–1066) •
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (1918–1970) •
Zurayids (1083–1174) •
Hamdanids (1099–1174) •
Sulaymanids (1063–1174) •
Mahdids (1159–1174) •
Sulayhid dynasty (1047–1138) •
Rassids of
Yemen (897–1962) •
Rasulid of
Yemen (1229–1454) •
Najahid dynasty (1022–1158) •
Ziyadid dynasty (819–856) •
Tahirid dynasty (1454–1517) •
Bani Ukhaidhir (865–1066) •
Yufirids (847–997) •
Yemeni Zaidi State (1547–1849) •
Alawi Sheikhdom (1743–1967) •
Aqrabi Sheikhdom (1770–1967) •
Audhali Sultanate (1750–1970) •
Lower Aulaqi Sultanate (1700–1967) •
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom (1750–1967) •
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate (1700–1967) •
Beihan Emirate (1680–1967) •
Sheikhdom of al-Hawra (1858–1967) •
Emirate of Dhala (1750–1967) •
Dathina Sheikhdom (1947–1967) •
Fadhli Sultanate (1670–1967) •
Sultanate of Haushabi (1730–1967) •
Lahej Sultanate (1728–1967) •
Maflahi Sheikhdom (1850–1967) •
Sheikhdom of Shaib (1850–1967) •
Sultanate of Lower Yafa (1681–1967) •
Sultanate of Upper Yafa (1800–1967) •
Sheikhdom Al-Dhubi (1750–1967) •
Hadrami Sheikhdom (1820–1967) •
Emirate of Mawsata (1780–1967) •
Sheikhdom of al-Irqa (1800–1967) •
Mahra Sultanate (1432–1967) •
Kathiri Sultanate (1395–1967) •
Sultanate of Tarim (1916–1945) •
Qu'aiti Sultanate (1858–1967) •
Ash Shihr (1752–1858) •
Al Mukalla (1707–1881)
Regional •
Tulunids (868–905; Egypt, Syria) •
Rassids (897–1962) •
Qarmatian Kingdom (899–976) •
Sharifate of Mecca (968–1925) •
Ayyubid Dynasty (1171–1260) •
Rasulids (1229–1454) •
Mamluk Dynasty (1250–1517) •
Omani Sultanate (1696–1856) •
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (1932–present)
North Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia) •
Rustamid dynasty (777–909) •
Idrisid dynasty(788-974) •
Aghlabid dynasty (800–909;
Ifriqiya, Tunisia, East-Algeria, West-Libya, Sicily) •
Fatimid Calipate (909–1171; North Africa, Middle East) •
Zirid dynasty (972–1148) •
Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147; Maghreb, Spain) •
Almohad dynasty (1121–1269) •
Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1254) •
Hafsid dynasty (1229–1574) •
Nasrid dynasty (1232–1492;
Granada,
Ceuta) •
Marinid dynasty (1244–1465) •
Abbasid Caliph (1250–1517; North Africa, Middle East) under
Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo •
Wattasid dynasty (1472–1554) •
Saadi dynasty (1511–1628) •
Alaouite dynasty (1631–present)
Algeria •
Emirate of Tlemcen (736–790) •
Emirate of Cordoba (756–929) •
Rustamid dynasty (777–909) •
Banu Ifran (830–1040) •
Fatimid dynasty (909–1171) •
Zirid dynasty (972–1148) •
Confederation of Banu Mzab (1012–1882) •
Hammadid dynasty (1014–1152) •
Kingdom of Tlemcen (1235–1556) •
Hafsid Emirate of Be’jaîa (1285–1510) •
Zab Emirate (1402) •
Sultanate of Tuggurt (1414–1854) •
Kingdom of Ait Abbas (1510–1872) •
Kingdom of Kuku (1515–1638) •
Kingdom of Algiers (1515–1837) •
Emirate of Abdelkader (1832–1847) •
Zenata Kingdoms Egypt •
Tulunids (868–905) •
Fatimid dynasty (909–1171) •
Ikhshidids (935–969) •
Banu Kanz (1004–1412) •
Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1254) •
Mamluk dynasty (1250–1517) •
Abbasid Caliph (1250–1517) under
Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo •
Khedivate of Egypt (1867–1914) •
Sultanate of Egypt (1914–1922) •
Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1953)
Tunisia •
Aghlabid dynasty (800–909) •
Khurasanid dynasty (1059–1158) •
Hafsid Kingdom (1229–1574) •
Hafsid Kingdom of Béjaïa •
Beylik of Tunis (1573–1613) •
Muradid dynasty (1613–1705) •
Husaynid dynasty (1705–1956) •
Kingdom of Tunisia (1956–1957)
Morocco •
Emirate of Nekor (710–1019) •
Emirate of Sijilmasa (758–1055) •
Muhallabids (771–793,
Ifriqiya) •
Idrisid dynasty (788–974) •
Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147) •
Almohad dynasty (1121–1269 CE) •
Marinid Sultanate (1244–1465, Maghreb) •
Wattasid dynasty (1472–1554) •
Saadi Sultanate (1549–1659) •
Pashalik of Timbuktu (1591–1833; Western Sahara, Maghreb, Mali) •
Naqsid principality of Tetouan (1597–1673) •
Republic of Bou Regreg (1627–1668) •
Alaouite dynasty (1666–present) •
Republic of the Rif (1921–1926) •
Zenata Kingdoms Libya •
Sultanate of Fezzan (918–1190) •
Banu Khattab (918–1177) •
Banu Khazrun (1001–1146) •
Banu Sulaym Emirate (11th Century) •
Emirate of Banu Talis (1228–1551) •
Banu Makki (1282–1392) •
Sultanate of Tripolitania (1327–1401) under
Bani Ammar •
Pasha of Tripoli (1551–1711) •
Kingdom of Fezzan (1556–1856) under
Awlad Muhammad dynasty •
Karamanli dynasty (1711–1835) •
Senussi Kingdom (1843–1942) •
Tripolitanian Republic (1918–1922) •
Cyrenaica Emirate (1949–1951) •
Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969) ==Horn of Africa==