List of state leaders in the 2010s

Africa: Central • Angola :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*José Eduardo dos Santos, President (1979–2017) ::*João Lourenço, President (2017-present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Paulo Kassoma, Prime minister (2008–2010) :::position currently abolished • Cameroon :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Paul Biya, President (1982–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Philémon Yang, Prime minister (2009–2019) ::*Joseph Ngute, Prime minister (2019–present) • Central African Republic :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*François Bozizé, President (2003–2013) ::*Michel Djotodia, President (2013), Transitional Head of State (2013–2014) ::*Alexandre-Ferdinand Nguendet, Acting Transitional Head of State (2014) ::*Catherine Samba-Panza, Transitional Head of State (2014–2016) ::*Faustin-Archange Touadéra, President (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Faustin-Archange Touadéra, Prime minister (2008–2013) ::*Nicolas Tiangaye, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*André Nzapayeké, Interim Prime minister (2014) ::*Mahamat Kamoun, Interim Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Simplice Sarandji, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Firmin Ngrébada, Prime minister (2019–2021) • Chad :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Idriss Déby, President (1990–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Youssouf Saleh Abbas, Prime minister (2008–2010) ::*Emmanuel Nadingar, Prime minister (2010–2013) ::*Djimrangar Dadnadji, Prime minister (2013) ::*Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet, Prime minister (2013–2016) ::*Albert Pahimi Padacké, Prime minister (2016–2018; 2021–2022) • Democratic Republic of the Congo :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Joseph Kabila, President (2001–2019) ::*Felix Tshisekedi, President (2019-present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Adolphe Muzito, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Louis Alphonse Koyagialo, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Augustin Matata Ponyo, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Samy Badibanga, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Bruno Tshibala, Prime minister (2017–2019) ::*Sylvestre Ilunga, Prime minister (2019–2021) • Republic of the Congo :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Denis Sassou Nguesso, President (1997–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Clément Mouamba, Prime minister (2016–2021) • Equatorial Guinea :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President (1979–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ignacio Milam Tang, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Vicente Ehate Tomi, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Francisco Pascual Obama Asue, Prime minister (2016–2023) • Gabon :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ali Bongo Ondimba, President (2009–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Paul Biyoghé Mba, Prime minister (2009–2012) ::*Raymond Ndong Sima, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Daniel Ona Ondo, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Julien Nkoghe Bekale, Prime minister (2019–2020) • São Tomé and Príncipe :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Fradique de Menezes, President (2003–2011) ::*Manuel Pinto da Costa, President (2011–2016) ::*Evaristo Carvalho, President (2016–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Joaquim Rafael Branco, Prime minister (2008–2010) ::*Patrice Trovoada, Prime minister (2010–2012) ::*Gabriel Costa, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Patrice Trovoada, Prime minister (2014–2018) ::*Jorge Bom Jesus, Prime minister (2018–2022) Africa: East • Burundi :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Pierre Nkurunziza, President (2005–2020) • Comoros (complete list) – :*Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President (2006–2011) :*Ikililou Dhoinine, President (2011–2016) :*Azali Assoumani, President (2016–present) • Djibouti :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President (1999–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime minister (2001–2013) ::*Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed, Prime minister (2013–present) • Eritrea (complete list) – :*Isaias Afwerki, President (1993–present) • Ethiopia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President (2001–2013) ::*Mulatu Teshome, President (2013–2018) ::*Sahle-Work Zewde, President (2018–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Meles Zenawi, Prime minister (1995–2012) ::*Hailemariam Desalegn, Prime minister (2012–2018) ::*Abiy Ahmed, Prime minister (2018–present) • Kenya :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mwai Kibaki, President (2002–2013) ::*Uhuru Kenyatta, President (2013–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Raila Odinga, Prime minister (2008–2013) • Madagascar: Third Republic :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Andry Rajoelina, President of High Transitional Authority (2009–2014) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Albert Camille Vital, Prime minister (2009–2011) • High Transitional Authority: Madagascar (complete list) – ::*Andry Rajoelina, President (2009–2014) • Madagascar: Fourth Republic :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Hery Rajaonarimampianina, President (2014–2018) ::*Rivo Rakotovao, Acting president (2018–2019) ::*Andry Rajoelina, President (2019–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Omer Beriziky, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Roger Kolo, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Jean Ravelonarivo, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Olivier Mahafaly Solonandrasana, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Christian Ntsay, Prime minister (2018–2025) • Mauritius :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Cassam Uteem, President (1992–2002) ::*Angidi Chettiar, Acting President (2002) ::*Ariranga Pillay, Acting President (2002) ::*Karl Offmann, President (2002–2003) ::*Raouf Bundhun, Acting president (2003) ::*Anerood Jugnauth, President (2003–2012) ::*Monique Ohsan Bellepeau, Acting president (2012) ::*Kailash Purryag, President (2012–2015) ::*Monique Ohsan Bellepeau, Acting president (2015) ::*Ameenah Gurib, President (2015–2018) ::*Barlen Vyapoory, Acting president (2018–2019) ::*Eddy Balancy, Acting president (2019) ::*Prithvirajsing Roopun, President (2019–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Navin Ramgoolam, Prime minister (1995–2000) ::*Anerood Jugnauth, Prime minister (2000–2003) ::*Paul Bérenger, Prime minister (2003–2005) ::*Navin Ramgoolam, Prime minister (2005–2014) ::*Anerood Jugnauth, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Pravind Jugnauth, Prime minister (2017–2024) • Rwanda :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Paul Kagame, President (2000–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Bernard Makuza, Prime minister (2000–2011) ::*Pierre Habumuremyi, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Anastase Murekezi, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Édouard Ngirente, Prime minister (2017–2025) • Seychelles (complete list) – :*James Michel, President (2004–2016) :*Danny Faure, President (2016–2020) • Transitional Federal Government of the Republic of Somalia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, President (2009–2012) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Abdiwahid Elmi Gonjeh, Acting Prime minister (2010) ::*Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Abdiweli Mohamed Ali, Prime minister (2011–2012) • Federal Republic of Somalia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Muse Hassan Sheikh Sayid Abdulle, Acting President (2012) ::*Mohamed Osman Jawari, Acting President (2012) ::*Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, President (2012–2017) ::*Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Abdiweli Mohamed Ali, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Abdi Farah Shirdon, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Abdiweli Sheikh Ahmed, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Hassan Ali Khaire, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Republic of Somaliland (complete list) – :*Dahir Riyale Kahin, President (2002–2010) :*Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud, President (2010–2017) :*Muse Bihi Abdi, President (2017–present) • South Sudan (complete list) – :*Salva Kiir Mayardit, President (2011–present) • Tanzania :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Jakaya Kikwete, President (2005–2015) ::*John Magufuli, President (2015–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Mizengo Pinda, Prime minister (2008–2015) ::*Kassim Majaliwa, Prime minister (2015–2025) • Uganda :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Yoweri Museveni, President (1986–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Apolo Nsibambi, Prime minister (1999–2011) ::*Amama Mbabazi, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Ruhakana Rugunda, Prime minister (2014–2021) Africa: Northcentral • Libyan Arab Jamahiriya :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Muammar Gaddafi, :::*Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council (1969–1977) :::*Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution (1977–2011) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Baghdadi Mahmudi, Prime minister (2006–2011) • National Transitional Council of Libya :*Head of state (complete list) – ::*Mustafa Abdul Jalil, Chairman of the National Transitional Council (2011–2012) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Mahmoud Jibril, Acting Prime minister (2011) ::*Ali Tarhouni, Acting Prime minister (2011) ::*Abdurrahim El-Keib, Acting Prime minister (2011–2012) • State of Libya :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Mohammed Ali Salim, Acting President (2012) ::*Mohammed Magariaf, President (2012–2013) ::*Giuma Ahmed Atigha, Acting President (2013) ::*Nouri Abusahmain :::*President of the General National Congress of Libya (2013–2014) :::*Contesting Chairman of the 2014 General National Congress of Libya (2014–2016) ::*Abu Bakr Baira, Acting President of the House of Representatives (2014) ::*Aguila Saleh Issa, contesting President of the House of Representatives (2014–present) ::*Presidential Council (2016–present) :::*Fayez al-Sarraj, Chairman (2016–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Abdurrahim El-Keib, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Ali Zeidan, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Abdullah al-Thani, Prime minister in rebellion (2014–present) ::*Fayez al-Sarraj, Prime minister (2016–2021) • Tunisia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President (1987–2011) ::*Fouad Mebazaa, Acting President (2011) ::*Moncef Marzouki, President (2011–2014) ::*Beji Caid Essebsi, President (2014–2019) ::*Mohamed Ennaceur, Acting president (2019) ::*Kais Saied, President (2019–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime minister (1999–2011) ::*Beji Caid Essebsi, Prime minister (2011) ::*Hamadi Jebali, Head of government (2011–2013) ::*Ali Laarayedh, Head of government (2013–2014) ::*Mehdi Jomaa, Head of government (2014–2015) ::*Habib Essid, Head of government (2015–2016) ::*Youssef Chahed, Head of government (2016–2020) Africa: Northeast • Egypt :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Hosni Mubarak, President (1981–2011) ::*Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Interim Head of state (2011–2012) ::*Mohamed Morsi, President (2012–2013) ::*Adly Mansour, Interim President (2013–2014) ::*Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, President (2014–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ahmed Nazif, Prime minister (2004–2011) ::*Ahmed Shafik, Prime minister (2011) ::*Essam Sharaf, Prime minister (2011) ::*Kamal Ganzouri, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Hesham Qandil, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Hazem Al Beblawi, Acting Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Ibrahim Mahlab, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Sherif Ismail, Prime minister (2015–2018) ::*Moustafa Madbouly, Prime minister (2018–present) • Sudan :*Presidents (complete list) ::*Omar al-Bashir, President (1989–2019) ::*Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf, Chairman of the Transitional Military Council (2019) ::*Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, Chairman of the Transitional Military Council (2019) ::*Sovereignty Council of Sudan (2019–2021) :*Prime Minister (complete list) ::*Bakri Hassan Saleh, Prime Minister (2017–2018) ::*Motazz Moussa, Prime Minister (2018–2019) ::*Mohamed Tahir Ayala, Prime Minister (2019) ::*Abdalla Hamdok, Prime Minister (2019–2022) Africa: Northwest • Algeria :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President (1999–2019) ::*Abdelkader Bensalah, Acting President (2019) ::*Abdelmadjid Tebboune, President (2019–present) :*Prime Ministers (complete list) – ::*Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister (2008–2012) ::*Abdelmalek Sellal, Prime Minister (2012–2014) ::*Youcef Yousfi, Acting Prime Minister (2014) ::*Abdelmalek Sellal, Prime Minister (2014–2017) ::*Abdelmadjid Tebboune, Prime Minister (2017) ::*Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister (2017–2019) ::*Noureddine Bedoui, Prime Minister (2019) ::*Sabri Boukadoum, Acting Prime Minister (2019) ::*Abdelaziz Djerad, Prime Minister (2019–2021) • Morocco :*Alaouite dynasty (complete list) – ::*Mohammed VI, King (1999–present) :*Prime Ministers (complete list) – ::*Abbas El Fassi, Prime Minister (2007–2011) ::*Abdelilah Benkirane, Prime Minister (2011–2017) ::*Saadeddine Othmani, Prime Minister (2017–2021) • Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mohamed Abdelaziz, President (1976–2016) ::*Khatri Addouh, Acting President (2016) ::*Brahim Ghali, President (2016–present) :*Prime Ministers (complete list) – ::*Abdelkader Taleb Omar, Prime Minister (2003–2018) ::*Mohamed Wali Akeik, Prime Minister (2018–2020) Africa: South • Botswana (complete list) – :*Ian Khama, President (2008–2018) :*Mokgweetsi Masisi, President (2018–2024) • Eswatini :*Kings (complete list) – ::*Mswati III, King (1986–present) :*tiNdlovukati (complete list) – ::*Ntfombi, Queen Regent (1983–1986), Ndlovukati (1983–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime minister (2008–2018) ::*Vincent Mhlanga, Acting prime minister (2018) ::*Ambrose Mandvulo Dlamini, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Lesotho :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Letsie III, King (1990–1995, 1996–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime minister (1998–2012) ::*Tom Thabane, Prime minister (2012–2015) ::*Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime minister (2015–2017) ::*Tom Thabane, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Malawi (complete list) – :*Bingu wa Mutharika, President (2004–2012) :*Joyce Banda, President (2012–2014) :*Peter Mutharika, President (2014–2020) • Mozambique :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Armando Guebuza, President (2005–2015) ::*Filipe Nyusi, President (2015–2025) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Luísa Diogo, Prime minister (2004–2010) ::*Aires Ali, Prime minister (2010–2012) ::*Alberto Vaquina, Prime minister (2012–2015) ::*Carlos Agostinho do Rosário, Prime minister (2015–2022) • Namibia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Hifikepunye Pohamba, President (2005–2015) ::*Hage Geingob, President (2015–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Nahas Angula, Prime minister (2005–2012) ::*Hage Geingob, Prime minister (2012–2015) ::*Saara Kuugongelwa, Prime minister (2015–2025) • South Africa (complete list) – :*Jacob Zuma, President (2009–2018) :*Cyril Ramaphosa, President (2018–present) • Zambia (complete list) – :*Rupiah Banda, President (2008–2011) :*Michael Sata, President (2011–2014) :*Guy Scott, Interim President (2014–2015) :*Edgar Lungu, President (2015–2021) • Zimbabwe :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Robert Mugabe, President (1987–2017) ::*Emmerson Mnangagwa, President (2017–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Morgan Tsvangirai, Prime minister (2009–2013) :::post abolished Africa: West • Benin :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Thomas Boni Yayi, President (2006–2016) ::*Patrice Talon, President (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Pascal Koupaki, Prime minister (2011–2013) ::*Lionel Zinsou, Prime minister (2015–2016) :::post abolished • Burkina Faso :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Blaise Compaoré, President (1987–2014) ::*Yacouba Isaac Zida, Transitional President (2014) ::*Michel Kafando, Transitional President (2014–2015) ::*Gilbert Diendéré, Chairman of the National Council for Democracy (2015) ::*Chérif Sy, Acting President (2015) ::*Michel Kafando, Transitional President (2015) ::*Roch Marc Christian Kaboré, President (2015–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Tertius Zongo, Prime minister (2007–2011) ::*Luc-Adolphe Tiao, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Yacouba Isaac Zida, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Paul Kaba Thieba, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Christophe Joseph Marie Dabiré, Prime minister (2019–2021) • Cape Verde :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Pedro Pires, President (2001–2011) ::*Jorge Carlos Fonseca, President (2011–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*José Maria Neves, Prime minister (2001–2016) ::*Ulisses Correia e Silva, Prime minister (2016–present) • Gambia (complete list) – :*Yahya Jammeh, Chairman of the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council (1994–1996), President (1996–2017) :*Adama Barrow, President (2017–present) • Ghana (complete list) – :*John Atta Mills, President (2009–2012) :*John Dramani Mahama, President (2012–2017) :*Nana Akufo-Addo, President (2017–2025) • Guinea :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Sékouba Konaté, Acting President (2009–2010) ::*Alpha Condé, President (2010–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Kabiné Komara, Prime minister (2008–2010) ::*Jean-Marie Doré, Prime minister (2010) ::*Mohamed Said Fofana, Prime minister (2010–2015) ::*Mamady Youla, Prime minister (2015–2018) ::*Ibrahima Kassory Fofana, Prime minister (2018–2021) • Guinea-Bissau :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Malam Bacai Sanhá, President (2009–2012) ::*Raimundo Pereira, Acting President (2012) ::*Mamadu Ture Kuruma, Chairman of the Military Command (2012) ::*Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo, Acting President (2012–2014) ::*José Mário Vaz, President (2014–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Carlos Gomes Júnior, Prime minister (2009–2012) ::*Adiato Djaló Nandigna, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Rui Duarte de Barros, Acting Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Domingos Simões Pereira, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Baciro Djá, Prime minister (2015) ::*Carlos Correia, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Baciro Djá, Prime minister (2016) ::*Umaro Sissoco Embaló, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Artur Silva, Prime minister (2018) ::*Aristides Gomes, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Ivory Coast :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Laurent Gbagbo, President (2000–2011) ::*Alassane Ouattara, President (2010–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Guillaume Soro, Prime minister (2007–2012) ::*Gilbert Aké, disputed prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Jeannot Ahoussou-Kouadio, Prime minister (2012) ::*Daniel Kablan Duncan, Prime minister (2012–2017) ::*Amadou Gon Coulibaly, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Liberia (complete list) – :*Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President (2006–2018) :*George Weah, President (2018–2024) • Mali :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Amadou Toumani Touré, President (2002–2012) ::*Amadou Sanogo, Chairperson of the National Committee (2012) ::*Dioncounda Traoré, Acting President (2012–2013) ::*Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, President (2013–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Modibo Sidibé, Prime minister (2007–2011) ::*Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Cheick Modibo Diarra, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Django Sissoko, Acting Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Oumar Tatam Ly, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Moussa Mara, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Modibo Keita, Prime minister (2015–2017) ::*Abdoulaye Idrissa Maïga, Prime minister (2017) ::*Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga, Prime minister (2017–2019) ::*Boubou Cisse, Prime Minister (2019–2020) • Mauritania :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, President (2009–2019) ::*Mohamed Ould Ghazouani, President (2019–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf, Prime minister (2008–2014) ::*Yahya Ould Hademine, Prime minister (2014–2018) ::*Mohamed Salem Ould Béchir, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Ismail Ould Bedde Ould Cheikh Sidiya, Prime minister (2019–2020) • Niger :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mamadou Tandja, President (1999–2010) ::*Salou Djibo, Chairman of the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy (2010–2011) ::*Mahamadou Issoufou, President (2011–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ali Badjo Gamatié, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Mahamadou Danda, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Brigi Rafini, Prime minister (2011–2021) • Nigeria (complete list) – :*Umaru Musa Yar'Adua, President (2007–2010) :*Goodluck Jonathan, President (2010–2015) :*Muhammadu Buhari, President (2015–2023) • Senegal :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Abdoulaye Wade, President (2000–2012) ::*Macky Sall, President (2012–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Souleymane Ndéné Ndiaye, Prime minister (2009–2012) ::*Abdoul Mbaye, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Aminata Touré, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Mahammed Dionne, Prime minister (2014–2019) • Sierra Leone :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ernest Bai Koroma, President (2007–2018) ::*Julius Maada Bio, President (2018–present) :*Chief ministers (complete list) – ::*David J. Francis, Chief minister (2018–2021) • Togo :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Faure Gnassingbé, President (2005–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Gilbert Houngbo, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Kwesi Ahoomey-Zunu, Prime minister (2012–2015) ::*Komi Sélom Klassou, Prime minister (2015–2020) ==Americas==

Americas: Caribbean and Lucayan • Antigua and Barbuda :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1981–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Baldwin Spencer, Prime minister (2004–2014) ::*Gaston Browne, Prime minister (2014–present) • Aruba (complete list) – :Constituent country 2010–present :For details see the Netherlands under western Europe • Bahamas :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1973–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Hubert Ingraham, Prime minister (2007–2012) ::*Perry Christie, Prime minister (2012–2017) ::*Hubert Minnis, Prime minister (2017–2021) • Barbados :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1966–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*David Thompson, Prime minister (2008–2010) ::*Freundel Stuart, Prime minister (2010–2018) ::*Mia Mottley, Prime minister (2018–present) • Cuba :*First Secretaries of the Communist Party of Cuba ::*Fidel Castro, First secretary (1965–2011) ::*Raúl Castro, First secretary (2011–2021) :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Raúl Castro, President of the State Council (2008–2018) ::*Miguel Díaz-Canel, President (2018–present) :*Heads of government (complete list) – ::*Raúl Castro, President of the Council of Ministers (2008–2018) ::*Miguel Díaz-Canel, acting Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Manuel Marrero Cruz, Prime minister (2019–present) • Curaçao (complete list) – :Constituent country 2010–present :For details see the Netherlands under western Europe • Dominica :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Nicholas Liverpool, President (2003–2012) ::*Eliud Williams, President (2012–2013) ::*Charles Savarin, President (2013–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime minister (2004–present) • Dominican Republic (complete list) – :*Leonel Fernández, President (2004–2012) :*Danilo Medina, President (2012–2020) • Grenada :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1974–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Tillman Thomas, Prime minister (2008–2013) ::*Keith Mitchell, Prime minister (2013–2022) • Haiti :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*René Préval, President (2006–2011) ::*Michel Martelly, President (2011–2016) ::*Council of Ministers (2016) ::*Jocelerme Privert, Provisional President (2016–2017) ::*Jovenel Moïse, President (2017–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jean-Max Bellerive, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Garry Conille, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Laurent Lamothe, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Florence Duperval Guillaume, Acting Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Evans Paul, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Fritz Jean, Prime minister (2016) ::*Enex Jean-Charles, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Jack Guy Lafontant, Prime minister (2017–2018) ::*Jean-Henry Céant, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Jean-Michel Lapin, Acting Prime minister (2019–2020) • Jamaica :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1962–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Bruce Golding, Prime minister (2007–2011) ::*Andrew Holness, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Portia Simpson-Miller, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Andrew Holness, Prime minister (2016–present) • Netherlands Antilles (complete list) – :Constituent country 1954–2010 :For details see the Netherlands under western Europe • Saint Kitts and Nevis :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1983–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Denzil Douglas, Prime minister (1995–2015) ::*Timothy Harris, Prime minister (2015–2022) • Saint Lucia :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1979–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Stephenson King, Prime minister (2007–2011) ::*Kenny Anthony, Prime minister (2011–2016) ::*Allen Chastanet, Prime minister (2016–2021) • Sint Maarten (complete list) – :Constituent country 2010–present :For details see the Netherlands under western Europe • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1979–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ralph Gonsalves, Prime minister (2001–2025) • Trinidad and Tobago :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*George Maxwell Richards, President (2003–2013) ::*Anthony Carmona, President (2013–2018) ::*Paula-Mae Weekes, President (2018–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Patrick Manning, Prime minister (2001–2010) ::*Kamla Persad-Bissessar, Prime minister (2010–2015) ::*Keith Rowley, Prime minister (2015–2025) Americas: Central • Belize :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1981–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Dean Barrow, Prime minister (2008–2020) • Costa Rica (complete list) – :*Óscar Arias, President (2006–2010) :*Laura Chinchilla, President (2010–2014) :*Luis Guillermo Solís, President (2014–2018) :*Carlos Alvarado Quesada, President (2018–2022) • El Salvador (complete list) – :*Mauricio Funes, President (2009–2014) :*Salvador Sánchez Cerén, President (2014–2019) :*Nayib Bukele, President (2019–present) • Guatemala (complete list) – :*Álvaro Colom, President (2008–2012) :*Otto Pérez Molina, President (2012–2015) :*Alejandro Maldonado, Acting President (2015–2016) :*Jimmy Morales, President (2016–2020) • Honduras (complete list) – :*Roberto Micheletti, Acting President (2009–2010) :*Porfirio Lobo Sosa, President (2010–2014) :*Juan Orlando Hernández, President (2014–2022) • Nicaragua (complete list) – :*Daniel Ortega, President (2007–present) • Panama (complete list) – :*Ricardo Martinelli, President (2009–2014) :*Juan Carlos Varela, President (2014–2019) :*Laurentino Cortizo, President (2019–2024) Americas: North • Canada :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Stephen Harper, Prime minister (2006–2015) ::*Justin Trudeau, Prime minister (2015–2025) • Mexico (complete list) – :*Felipe Calderón, President (2006–2012) :*Enrique Peña Nieto, President (2012–2018) :*Andrés Manuel López Obrador, President (2018–2024) • Cidade dos Governistas (List of Presidents of Cidade dos Governistas, Fictional Territory in Brazil|complete list) – :*Wilbur the Wildcat, President (2009–2022) (List of Prime ministers of Cidade dos Governistas, Fictional Territory in Brazil|complete list) – :*Paulo Vinícius Coelho, Prime minister (2009–2013) :*Rigby from Regular Show, Prime minister (2013–2022) (List of Supreme Leaders of Cidade dos Governistas, Fictional Territory in Brazil|complete list) – • :Padre Antônio Maria, Supreme Leader (1983–2023) • United States (complete list) – :*Barack Obama, President (2009–2017) :*Donald Trump, President (2017–2021) Americas: South • Argentina (complete list) – :*Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, President (2007–2015) :*Mauricio Macri, President (2015–2019) :*Alberto Fernandez, President (2019–2023) • Bolivia (complete list) – :*Evo Morales, President (2006–2019) :*Jeanine Áñez, President (2019–2020) • Brazil (complete list) – :*Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President (2003–2011) :*Dilma Rousseff, President (2011–2016) :*Michel Temer, President (2016–2019) :*Jair Bolsonaro, President (2019–2023) • Chile (complete list) – :*Michelle Bachelet, President (2006–2010) :*Sebastián Piñera, President (2010–2014) :*Michelle Bachelet, President (2014–2018) :*Sebastián Piñera, President (2018–2022) • Colombia (complete list) – :*Álvaro Uribe Vélez, President (2002–2010) :*Juan Manuel Santos Calderón, President (2010–2018) :*Iván Duque Márquez, President (2018–2022) • Ecuador (complete list) – :*Rafael Correa, President (2007–2017) :*Lenín Moreno, President (2017–2021) • Guyana :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Bharrat Jagdeo, President (1999–2011) ::*Donald Ramotar, President (2011–2015) ::*David A. Granger, President (2015–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Sam Hinds, Prime minister (1999–2015) ::*Moses Nagamootoo, Prime minister (2015–2020) • Paraguay (complete list) – :*Fernando Lugo, President (2008–2012) :*Federico Franco, President (2012–2013) :*Horacio Cartes, President (2013–2018) :*Mario Abdo Benítez, President (2018–2023) • Peru :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Alan García Pérez, Constitutional President (2006–2011) ::*Ollanta Humala, Constitutional President (2011–2016) ::*Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, Constitutional President (2016–2018) ::*Martín Vizcarra, Constitutional President (2018–2020) :*Prime minister (complete list) – ::*Javier Velásquez, Prime Minister (2009–2010) ::*José Antonio Chang, Prime Minister (2010–2011) ::*Rosario Fernández, Prime Minister (2011) ::*Salomón Lerner Ghitis, Prime Minister (2011) ::*Oscar Valdés, Prime Minister (2011–2012) ::*Juan Jiménez Mayor, Prime Minister (2012–2013) ::*César Villanueva, Prime Minister (2013–2014) ::*René Cornejo, Prime Minister (2014) ::*Ana Jara, Prime Minister (2014–2015) ::*Pedro Cateriano, Prime Minister (2015–2016) ::*Fernando Zavala, Prime Minister (2016–2017) ::*Mercedes Aráoz, Prime Minister (2017–2018) ::*César Villanueva, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Salvador del Solar, Prime minister (2019) ::*Vicente Zeballos, Prime minister (2019–2020) • Suriname (complete list) – :*Ronald Venetiaan, President (2000–2010) :*Dési Bouterse, President (2010–2021) • Uruguay (complete list) – :*Tabaré Vázquez, President (2005–2010) :*José Mujica, President (2010–2015) :*Tabaré Vázquez, President (2015–2020) • Venezuela (complete list) – :*Hugo Chávez, President (1999–2002, 2002–2013) :*Nicolás Maduro, President (2013–2026; disputed since 2019) :*Juan Guaidó, Acting President (2019–2023; disputed with Nicolás Maduro) ==Asia==

Asia: Central • Kazakhstan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Nursultan Nazarbayev, President (1991–2019) ::*Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President (2019–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Karim Massimov, Prime minister (2007–2012) ::*Serik Akhmetov, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Karim Massimov, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Bakhytzhan Sagintayev, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Askar Mamin, Prime minister (2019–2022) • Kyrgyzstan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Kurmanbek Bakiyev, President (2005–2010) ::*Roza Otunbayeva, President (2010–2011) ::*Almazbek Atambayev, President (2011–2017) ::*Sooronbay Jeenbekov, President (2017–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Daniar Usenov, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Almazbek Atambayev, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Ömürbek Babanov, Acting Prime minister (2011) ::*Almazbek Atambayev, Prime minister (2011) ::*Ömürbek Babanov, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Aaly Karashev, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Zhantoro Satybaldiyev, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Djoomart Otorbaev, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Temir Sariyev, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Sooronbay Jeenbekov, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Sapar Isakov, Prime minister (2017–2018) ::*Mukhammedkalyi Abylgaziev, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Tajikistan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Emomali Rahmon, Chairman of the Supreme Assembly (1992–1994), President (1994–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Oqil Oqilov, Prime minister (1999–2013) ::*Kokhir Rasulzoda, Prime minister (2013–present) • Turkmenistan (complete list) – :*Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Acting President (2006–2007), President (2007–2022) • Uzbekistan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Islam Karimov, President (1991–2016) ::*Nigmatilla Yuldashev, Acting President (2016) ::*Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime minister (2003–2016) ::*Abdulla Aripov, Prime minister (2016–present) Asia: East • China :*Chairmen and General Secretaries of the Communist Party (complete list) and paramount leaders (complete list) – ::*Hu Jintao, General Secretary (2002–2012), paramount leader (2002–2012) ::*Xi Jinping, General Secretary (2012–present), paramount leader (2012–present) :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Hu Jintao, President (2003–2013) ::*Xi Jinping, President (2013–present) :*Premiers (complete list) – ::*Wen Jiabao, Premier (2003–2013) ::*Li Keqiang, Premier (2013–2023) • Japan :*Emperors (complete list) – ::*Akihito, Emperor (1989–2019) ::*Naruhito, Emperor (2019–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Yukio Hatoyama, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Naoto Kan, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Yoshihiko Noda, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Shinzō Abe, Prime minister (2012–2020) • North Korea :*Leaders of the Workers' Party (complete list) – ::*Kim Jong-il, General Secretary (1997–2011), Eternal General Secretary (2012–present) ::*Kim Jong-un, First Secretary (2012–2016), Chairman (2016–2021), General Secretary (2021–present) :*Head of state ::*Kim Yong-nam (1998–2019) ::*Choe Ryong-hae (2019–present) ::*Kim Jong-un, President of State Affairs (2016–present) :*Premiers (complete list) – ::*Kim Yong-il, Premier (2007–2010) ::*Choe Yong-rim, Premier (2010–2013) ::*Pak Pong-ju, Premier (2013–2019) ::*Kim Jae-ryong, Premier (2019–2020) • South Korea :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Lee Myung-bak, President (2008–2013) ::*Park Geun-hye, President (2013–2017) ::*Hwang Kyo-ahn, Acting President (2016–2017) ::*Moon Jae-in, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Chung Un-chan, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Yoon Jeung-hyun, Acting Prime minister (2010) ::*Kim Hwang-sik, Prime minister (2010–2013) ::*Chung Hong-won, Prime minister (2013–2015) ::*Lee Wan-koo, Prime minister (2015) ::*Choi Kyoung-hwan, Acting Prime minister (2015) ::*Hwang Kyo-ahn, Prime minister (2015–2017) ::*Yoo Il-ho, Acting Prime minister (2017) ::*Lee Nak-yeon, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Mongolia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, President (2009–2017) ::*Khaltmaagiin Battulga, President (2017–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Sükhbaataryn Batbold, Prime minister (2009–2012) ::*Norovyn Altankhuyag, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Dendeviin Terbishdagva, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Chimediin Saikhanbileg, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, Prime minister (2017–2021) • Taiwan ::*Presidents (complete list) – :::*Ma Ying-jeou, President (2008–2016) :::*Tsai Ing-wen, President (2016–2024) ::*Premiers (complete list) – :::*Wu Den-yih, Premier (2009–2012) :::*Sean Chen, Premier (2012–2013) :::*Jiang Yi-huah, Premier (2013–2014) :::*Mao Chi-kuo, Premier (2014–2016) :::*Chang San-cheng, Premier (2016) :::*Lin Chuan, Premier (2016–2017) :::*William Lai, Premier (2017–2019) :::*Su Tseng-chang, Premier (2019–2023) Asia: Southeast • Brunei (complete list) – :*Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan (1967–present) • Cambodia :*Kings (complete list) – ::*Norodom Sihamoni, King (2004–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Hun Sen, Prime minister (1998–2023) • Indonesia (complete list) – :*Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President (2004–2014) :*Joko Widodo, President (2014–2024) • Laos :*General Secretaries (complete list) – ::*Choummaly Sayasone, General Secretary (2006–2016) ::*Bounnhang Vorachit, General Secretary (2016–2021) :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Choummaly Sayasone, President (2006–2016) ::*Bounnhang Vorachit, President (2016–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Bouasone Bouphavanh, Prime minister (2006–2010) ::*Thongsing Thammavong, Prime minister (2010–2016) ::*Thongloun Sisoulith, Prime minister (2016–2021) • Malaysia :*Elected monarchs (complete list) – ::*Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (2006–2011) ::*Abdul Halim of Kedah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (2011–2016) ::*Muhammad V of Kelantan, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (2016–2019) ::*Abdullah of Pahang, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (2019–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Najib Razak, Prime minister (2009–2018) ::*Mahathir Mohamad, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Burma/Myanmar: State Peace and Development Council (1997–2011) :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Than Shwe, Chairman (1992–2011) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Thein Sein, Prime minister (2007–2011) • Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2011–present) :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Thein Sein, President (2011–2016) ::*Htin Kyaw, President (2016–2018) ::*Myint Swe, Acting President (2018) ::*Win Myint, President (2018–2021) :*State counsellors (complete list) – ::*Position created 2016 ::*Aung San Suu Kyi, State Counsellor (2016–2021) • Philippines :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, President (2001–2010) ::*Benigno Aquino III, President (2010–2016) ::*Rodrigo Duterte, President (2016–2022) • Singapore :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*S. R. Nathan, President (1999–2011) ::*Tony Tan, President (2011–2017) ::*Halimah Yacob, President (2017–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Lee Hsien Loong, Prime minister (2004–2024) • Thailand :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Bhumibol Adulyadej, King (1946–2016) ::*Vajiralongkorn, King (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Abhisit Vejjajiva, Prime minister (2008–2011) ::*Yingluck Shinawatra, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Niwatthamrong Boonsongpaisan, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Prayut Chan-o-cha, de facto Acting Prime minister (2014), Prime minister (2014–2023) • Timor-Leste :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*José Ramos-Horta, President (2008–2012) ::*Taur Matan Ruak, President (2012–2017) ::*Francisco Guterres, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Xanana Gusmão, Prime minister (2007–2015) ::*Rui Maria de Araújo, Prime minister (2015–2017) ::*Mari Alkatiri, Prime minister (2017–2018) ::*Taur Matan Ruak, Prime minister (2018–2023) • Vietnam :*General Secretaries of the Communist Party (complete list) – ::*Nông Đức Mạnh, General Secretary (2001–2011) ::*Nguyễn Phú Trọng, General Secretary (2011–2024) ::*Tô Lâm, General Secretary (2014–present) :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Nguyễn Minh Triết, President (2006–2011) ::*Trương Tấn Sang, President (2011–2016) ::*Nguyễn Phú Trọng, Acting President (2016) ::*Trần Đại Quang, President (2016–2018) ::*Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh, Acting President (2018) ::*Nguyễn Phú Trọng, President (2018–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Prime minister (2006–2016) ::*Nguyễn Xuân Phúc, Prime minister (2016–2021) Asia: South • Afghanistan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Hamid Karzai, President (2004–2014) ::*Ashraf Ghani, President (2014–2021) :*Chief executive officers ::*Abdullah Abdullah (2014–2020) • Bangladesh :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Zillur Rahman, President (2009–2013) ::*Mohammad Abdul Hamid, President (2013–2023) :*Prime ministers and Chief advisers (complete list) – ::*Sheikh Hasina, Prime minister (2009–2024) • Bhutan :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, Druk Gyalpo (2006–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jigme Thinley, Prime minister (2008–2013) ::*Tshering Tobgay, Prime minister (2013–2018) ::*Lotay Tshering, Prime minister (2018–2023) • India :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Pratibha Patil, President (2007–2012) ::*Pranab Mukherjee, President (2012–2017) ::*Ram Nath Kovind, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Manmohan Singh, Prime minister (2004–2014) ::*Narendra Modi, Prime minister (2014–present) • Maldives (complete list) – :*Mohamed Nasheed, President (2008–2012) :*Mohamed Waheed Hassan, President (2012–2013) :*Abdulla Yameen, President (2013–2018) :*Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, President (2018–2023) • Nepal :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ram Baran Yadav, President (2008–2015) ::*Bidya Devi Bhandari, President (2015–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Madhav Kumar Nepal, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Jhala Nath Khanal, Prime minister (2011) ::*Baburam Bhattarai, Prime minister (2011–2013) ::*Khil Raj Regmi, Acting Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Sushil Koirala, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Khadga Prasad Oli, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Pushpa Kamal Dahal, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Sher Bahadur Deuba, Prime minister (2017–2018) ::*Khadga Prasad Oli, Prime minister (2018–2021) • Pakistan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Asif Ali Zardari, President (2008–2013) ::*Mamnoon Hussain, President (2013–2018) ::*Arif Alvi, President (2018–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Yousaf Raza Gillani, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Raja Pervaiz Ashraf, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Mir Hazar Khan Khoso, Acting Prime minister (2013) ::*Nawaz Sharif, Prime minister (2013–2017) ::*Shahid Khaqan Abbasi, Prime minister (2017–2018) ::*Imran Khan, Prime minister (2018–2022) • Sri Lanka :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mahinda Rajapaksa, President (2005–2015) ::*Maithripala Sirisena, President (2015–2019) ::*Gotabaya Rajapaksa, President (2019–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, Prime minister (2005–2010) ::*D. M. Jayaratne, Prime minister (2010–2015) ::*Ranil Wickremesinghe, Prime minister (2015–2019) ::*Mahinda Rajapaksa, Prime minister (2019–2022) Asia: West • Bahrain :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King (2002–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Prime minister (1971–2020) • Cyprus (complete list) – :*Demetris Christofias, President (2008–2013) :*Nicos Anastasiades, President (2013–2023) • Northern Cyprus :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mehmet Ali Talat, President (2005–2010) ::*Derviş Eroğlu, President (2010–2015) ::*Mustafa Akıncı, President (2015–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*İrsen Küçük, Prime minister (2010–2013) ::*Sibel Siber, Prime minister (2013) ::*Özkan Yorgancıoğlu, Prime minister (2013–2015) ::*Ömer Kalyoncu, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Hüseyin Özgürgün, acting Prime minister (2010), Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Tufan Erhürman, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Ersin Tatar, Prime minister (2019–2020) • Iran :*Supreme Leaders (complete list) – ::*Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader (1989–2026) :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President (2005–2013) ::*Hassan Rouhani, President (2013–2021) • Iraq :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Jalal Talabani, President (2005–2014) ::*Fuad Masum, President (2014–2018) ::*Barham Salih, President (2018–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Nouri al-Maliki, Prime minister (2006–2014) ::*Haider al-Abadi, Prime minister (2014–2018) ::*Adil Abdul-Mahdi, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Israel :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Shimon Peres, President (2007–2014) ::*Reuven Rivlin, President (2014–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime minister (2009–2021) • Jordan :*Kings (complete list) – ::*Abdullah II, King (1999–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Samir Rifai, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Marouf al-Bakhit, Prime minister (2011) ::*Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Fayez al-Tarawneh, Prime minister (2012) ::*Abdullah Ensour, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Hani Mulki, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Omar Razzaz, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Kuwait :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Sabah IV, Emir (2006–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Nasser Al-Mohammed, Prime minister (2006–2011) ::*Jaber Al-Mubarak, Prime minister (2011–2019) ::*Sabah Al-Khalid, Prime minister (2019–2022) • Lebanon :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Michel Suleiman, President (2008–2014) ::*Tammam Salam, Acting President (2014–2016) ::*Michel Aoun, President (2016–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Saad Hariri, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Najib Mikati, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Tammam Salam, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Saad Hariri, Prime minister (2016–2020) • Oman (complete list) – :*Qaboos bin Said, Sultan (1970–2020) • State of Palestine :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mahmoud Abbas, Acting President (2005–2008), President (2008–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ismail Haniyeh, Prime minister (2006–2014) ::*Salam Fayyad, Prime minister (2007–2013) ::*Rami Hamdallah, Prime minister (2013–2019) ::*Mohammad Shtayyeh, Prime minister (2019–2024) • Qatar :*Emirs (complete list) – ::*Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir (1995–2013) ::*Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir (2013–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Hamad bin Jassim, Prime minister (2007–2013) ::*Abdullah bin Nasser, Prime minister (2013–2020) • Saudi Arabia (complete list) – :*Abdullah, King (2005–2015) :*Salman, King (2015–present) • Syria :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Bashar al-Assad, President (2000–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Muhammad Naji al-Otari, Prime minister (2003–2011) ::*Adel Safar, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Riyad Farid Hijab, Prime minister (2012) ::*Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji, Acting Prime minister (2012) ::*Wael Nader al-Halqi, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Imad Khamis, Prime minister (2016–2020) • Turkey :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Abdullah Gül, President (2007–2014) ::*Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, President (2014–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime minister (2003–2014) ::*Ahmet Davutoğlu, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Binali Yıldırım, Prime minister (2016–2018) :::Prime minister office abolished in 2018. • United Arab Emirates :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President (2004–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime minister (2006–present) • Yemen :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ali Abdullah Saleh, Chairman of the Presidential Council (1990–1994), President (1994–2012) ::*Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, Acting President (2011–2012), President (2012–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Ali Muhammad Mujawar, Prime minister (2007–2011) ::*Mohammed Basindawa, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Abdullah Mohsen al-Akwa, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Khaled Bahah, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Ahmed Obeid bin Daghr, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed, Prime minister (2018–2024) • Yemen: Houthi-led Supreme Political Council :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mohammed Ali al-Houthi, President of the Supreme Revolutionary Committee (2015–2016) ::*Saleh Ali al-Sammad, President of the Supreme Political Council (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Talal Aklan, Acting Prime minister (2016) ::*Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour, Prime minister (2016–present) ==Europe==

Europe: Balkans • Albania :*Chairmen (complete list) – ::*Bamir Topi, President (2007–2012) ::*Bujar Nishani, President (2012–2017) ::*Ilir Meta, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Sali Berisha, Prime minister (2005–2013) ::*Edi Rama, Prime minister (2013–present) • Bosnia and Herzegovina :*High Representatives (complete list) – ::*Valentin Inzko, High Representative (2009–2021) :*Presidency (complete list) – ::*Chairmen of the Presidency (complete list) – :::*Željko Komšić, Chairman (2009–2010) :::*Haris Silajdžić, Chairman (2010) :::*Nebojša Radmanović, Chairman (2010–2011) :::*Željko Komšić, Chairman (2011–2012) :::*Bakir Izetbegović, Chairman (2012) :::*Nebojša Radmanović, Chairman (2012–2013) :::*Željko Komšić, Chairman (2013–2014) :::*Bakir Izetbegović, Chairman (2014) :::*Mladen Ivanić, Chairman (2014–2015) :::*Dragan Čović, Chairman (2015–2016) :::*Bakir Izetbegović, Chairman (2016) :::*Mladen Ivanić, Chairman (2016–2017) :::*Dragan Čović, Chairman (2017–2018) :::*Bakir Izetbegović, Chairman (2018) :::*Milorad Dodik, Chairman (2018–2019) :::*Željko Komšić, Chairman (2019–2020) ::*Bosniak members of the Presidency (complete list) – :::*Haris Silajdžić, Member (2006–2010) :::*Bakir Izetbegović, Member (2010–2018) :::*Šefik Džaferović, Member (2018–2022) ::*Croat members of the Presidency (complete list) – :::*Željko Komšić, Member (2006–2014) :::*Dragan Čović, Member (2014–2018) :::*Željko Komšić, Member (2018–present) ::*Serb members of the Presidency (complete list) – :::*Nebojša Radmanović, Member (2006–2014) :::*Mladen Ivanić, Member (2014–2018) :::*Milorad Dodik, Member (2018–2022) :*Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (complete list) – ::*Nikola Špirić, Chairman (2007–2012) ::*Vjekoslav Bevanda, Chairman (2012–2015) ::*Denis Zvizdić, Chairman (2015–2019) ::*Zoran Tegeltija, Chairman (2019–2023) • Bulgaria :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Georgi Parvanov, President (2002–2012) ::*Rosen Plevneliev, President (2012–2017) ::*Rumen Radev, President (2017–2026) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Boyko Borisov, Prime minister (2009–2013) ::*Marin Raykov, Acting Prime minister (2013) ::*Plamen Oresharski, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Georgi Bliznashki, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Boyko Borisov, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Ognyan Gerdzhikov, Acting Prime minister (2017) ::*Boyko Borisov, Prime minister (2017–2021) • Croatia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Stjepan Mesić, President (2000–2010) ::*Ivo Josipović, President (2010–2015) ::*Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović, President (2015–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jadranka Kosor, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Zoran Milanović, Prime minister (2011–2016) ::*Tihomir Orešković, Prime minister (2016) ::*Andrej Plenković, Prime minister (2016–present) • Greece :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Karolos Papoulias, President (2005–2015) ::*Prokopis Pavlopoulos, President (2015–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*George Papandreou, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Lucas Papademos, Prime minister (2011–2012) ::*Panagiotis Pikrammenos, Interim Prime minister (2012) ::*Antonis Samaras, Prime minister (2012–2015) ::*Alexis Tsipras, Prime minister (2015) ::*Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou, Interim Prime minister (2015) ::*Alexis Tsipras, Prime minister (2015–2019) ::*Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Prime minister (2019–2023) • UN-administered Kosovo :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Fatmir Sejdiu, President (2006–2010) • Republic of Kosovo :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Fatmir Sejdiu, President (2008–2010) ::*Jakup Krasniqi, Acting President (2010–2011) ::*Behgjet Pacolli, President (2011) ::*Jakup Krasniqi, Acting President (2011) ::*Atifete Jahjaga, President (2011–2016) ::*Hashim Thaçi, President (2016–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Hashim Thaçi, Prime minister (2008–2014) ::*Isa Mustafa, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Ramush Haradinaj, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Montenegro :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Filip Vujanović, President (2006–2018) ::*Milo Đukanović, President (2018–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Milo Đukanović, Prime minister (2008–2010) ::*Igor Lukšić, Prime minister (2010–2012) ::*Milo Đukanović, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Duško Marković, Prime minister (2016–2020) • North Macedonia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Gjorge Ivanov, President (2009–2019) ::*Stevo Pendarovski, President (2019–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Nikola Gruevski, Prime minister (2006–2016) ::*Emil Dimitriev, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Zoran Zaev, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Romania :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Traian Băsescu, President (2007–2012) ::*Crin Antonescu, Interim President (2012) ::*Traian Băsescu, President (2012–2014) ::*Klaus Iohannis, President (2014–2025) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Emil Boc, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Cătălin Predoiu, Interim Prime minister (2012) ::*Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu, Prime minister (2012) ::*Victor Ponta, Prime minister (2012–2015) ::*Gabriel Oprea, Interim Prime minister (2015) ::*Victor Ponta, Prime minister (2015) ::*Sorin Cîmpeanu, Interim Prime minister (2015) ::*Dacian Cioloș, Prime minister (2015–2017) ::*Sorin Grindeanu, Prime minister (2017) ::*Mihai Tudose, Prime minister (2017–2018) ::*Mihai Fifor, Interim Prime minister (2018) ::*Viorica Dăncilă, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Ludovic Orban, Prime minister (2019–2020) • Serbia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Boris Tadić, President (2004–2012) ::*Slavica Đukić Dejanović, Acting President (2012) ::*Tomislav Nikolić, President (2012–2017) ::*Aleksandar Vučić, President (2017–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Mirko Cvetković, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Ivica Dačić, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Aleksandar Vučić, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Ivica Dačić, Acting Prime minister (2017) ::*Ana Brnabić, Prime minister (2017–2024) • Slovenia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Danilo Türk, President (2007–2012) ::*Borut Pahor, President (2012–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Borut Pahor, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Janez Janša, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Alenka Bratušek, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Miro Cerar, Prime minister (2014–2018) ::*Marjan Šarec, Prime minister (2018–2020) Europe: Baltic states • Estonia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President (2006–2016) ::*Kersti Kaljulaid, President (2016–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Andrus Ansip, Prime minister (2005–2014) ::*Taavi Rõivas, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Jüri Ratas, Prime minister (2016–2021) • Latvia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Valdis Zatlers, President (2007–2011) ::*Andris Bērziņš, President (2011–2015) ::*Raimonds Vējonis, President (2015–2019) ::*Egils Levits, President (2019–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Valdis Dombrovskis, Prime minister (2009–2014) ::*Laimdota Straujuma, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Māris Kučinskis, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Krišjānis Kariņš, Prime minister (2019–2023) • Lithuania :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Dalia Grybauskaitė, President (2009–2019) ::*Gitanas Nausėda, President (2019–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Andrius Kubilius, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Algirdas Butkevičius, Prime minister (2012–2016) ::*Saulius Skvernelis, Prime minister (2016–2020) Europe: British and Ireland • Republic of Ireland :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mary McAleese, President (1997–2011) ::*Michael D. Higgins, President (2011–2025) :*Taoiseachs (complete list) – ::*Brian Cowen, Taoiseach (2008–2011) ::*Enda Kenny, Taoiseach (2011–2017) ::*Leo Varadkar, Taoiseach (2017–2020) • United Kingdom :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022) :*Prime Ministers (complete list) – ::*Gordon Brown, Prime Minister (2007–2010) ::*David Cameron, Prime Minister (2010–2016) ::*Theresa May, Prime Minister (2016–2019) ::*Boris Johnson, Prime Minister (2019–2022) Europe: Central • Austria :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Heinz Fischer, President (2004–2016) ::*Doris Bures, Karlheinz Kopf, Norbert Hofer, Joint Acting Presidents (2016–2017) ::*Alexander Van der Bellen, President (2017–present) :*Chancellors (complete list) – ::*Werner Faymann, Chancellor (2008–2016) ::*Reinhold Mitterlehner, Acting Chancellor (2016) ::*Christian Kern, Chancellor (2016–2017) ::*Sebastian Kurz, Chancellor (2017–2019) ::*Brigitte Bierlein, Chancellor (2019–2020) • Czech Republic :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Václav Klaus, President (2003–2013) ::*Miloš Zeman, President (2013–2023) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jan Fischer, Prime Minister (2009–2010) ::*Petr Nečas, Prime Minister (2010–2013) ::*Jiří Rusnok, Prime Minister (2013–2014) ::*Bohuslav Sobotka, Prime Minister (2014–2017) ::*Andrej Babiš, Prime Minister (2017–2021) • Germany :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Horst Köhler, President (2004–2010) ::*Christian Wulff, President (2010–2012) ::*Joachim Gauck, President (2012–2017) ::*Frank-Walter Steinmeier, President (2017–present) :*Chancellors (complete list) – ::*Angela Merkel, Chancellor (2005–2021) • Hungary :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*László Sólyom, President (2005–2010) ::*Pál Schmitt, President (2010–2012) ::*László Kövér, Acting President (2012) ::*János Áder, President (2012–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Gordon Bajnai, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Viktor Orbán, Prime minister (2010–present) • Liechtenstein :*Sovereign Princes (complete list) – ::*Hans-Adam II, Prince (1989–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Klaus Tschütscher, Prime minister (2009–2013) ::*Adrian Hasler, Prime minister (2013–2021) • Poland :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Lech Kaczyński, President (2005–2010) ::*Bronisław Komorowski, Acting President (2010) ::*Bogdan Borusewicz, Acting President (2010) ::*Grzegorz Schetyna, Acting President (2010) ::*Bronisław Komorowski, President (2010–2015) ::*Andrzej Duda, President (2015–2025) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Donald Tusk, Prime minister (2007–2014) ::*Ewa Kopacz, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Beata Szydło, Prime minister (2015–2017) ::*Mateusz Morawiecki, Prime minister (2017–2023) • Slovakia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ivan Gašparovič, President (2004–2014) ::*Andrej Kiska, President (2014–2019) ::*Zuzana Čaputová, President (2019–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Robert Fico, Prime minister (2006–2010) ::*Iveta Radičová, Prime minister (2010–2012) ::*Robert Fico, Prime minister (2012–2018) ::*Peter Pellegrini, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Switzerland (complete list) – :*Doris Leuthard, President of the Confederation (2010) :*Micheline Calmy-Rey, President of the Confederation (2011) :*Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf, President of the Confederation (2012) :*Ueli Maurer, President of the Confederation (2013) :*Didier Burkhalter, President of the Confederation (2014) :*Simonetta Sommaruga, President of the Confederation (2015) :*Johann Schneider-Ammann, President of the Confederation (2016) :*Doris Leuthard, President of the Confederation (2017) :*Alain Berset, President of the Confederation (2018) :*Ueli Maurer, President of the Confederation (2019) Europe: East • Belarus :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Alexander Lukashenko, President (1994–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Sergei Sidorsky, Prime minister (2003–2010) ::*Mikhail Myasnikovich, Prime minister (2010–2014) ::*Andrei Kobyakov, Prime minister (2014–2018) ::*Syarhey Rumas, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Moldova :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mihai Ghimpu, Acting President (2009–2010) ::*Vlad Filat, Acting President (2010) ::*Marian Lupu, Acting President (2010–2012) ::*Nicolae Timofti, President (2012–2016) ::*Igor Dodon, President (2016–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Vlad Filat, Prime minister (2009–2013) ::*Iurie Leancă, Prime minister (2013–2015) ::*Chiril Gaburici, Prime minister (2015) ::*Natalia Gherman, Acting Prime minister (2015) ::*Valeriu Streleț, Prime minister (2015) ::*Gheorghe Brega, Acting Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Pavel Filip, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Maia Sandu, Prime minister (2019) ::*Ion Chicu, Prime minister (2019–2021) • Russia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Dmitry Medvedev, President (2008–2012) ::*Vladimir Putin, Acting President (1999–2000), President (2000–2008, 2012–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Vladimir Putin, Prime minister (2008–2012) ::*Viktor Zubkov, Prime minister (2012) ::*Dmitry Medvedev, Prime minister (2012–2020) • Transnistria :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Igor Smirnov, Chairman of the Republic (1991), President (1991–2011) ::*Yevgeny Shevchuk, President (2011–2016) ::*Vadim Krasnoselsky, President (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Pyotr Stepanov, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Tatiana Turanskaya, Prime minister (2013–2015) ::*Maija Parnas, Acting Prime Minister (2015) ::*Tatiana Turanskaya, Prime minister (2015) ::*Maija Parnas, Acting Prime Minister (2015) ::*Pavel Prokudin, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Aleksandr Martynov, Prime minister (2016–2022) • Ukraine :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Viktor Yushchenko, President (2005–2010) ::*Viktor Yanukovych, President (2010–2014) ::*Oleksandr Turchynov, Acting President (2014) ::*Petro Poroshenko, President (2014–2019) ::*Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President (2019–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Yulia Tymoshenko, Prime minister (2007–2010) ::*Oleksandr Turchynov, Acting Prime minister (2010) ::*Mykola Azarov, Prime minister (2010–2014) ::*Serhiy Arbuzov, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Oleksandr Turchynov, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Arseniy Yatsenyuk, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Volodymyr Groysman, Prime minister (2016–2019) ::*Oleksiy Honcharuk, Prime minister (2019–2020) Europe: Nordic • Denmark :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Margrethe II, Queen (1972–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Lars Løkke Rasmussen, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime minister (2011–2015) ::*Lars Løkke Rasmussen, Prime minister (2015–2019) ::*Mette Frederiksen, Prime minister (2019–present) • Finland :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Tarja Halonen, President (2000–2012) ::*Sauli Niinistö, President (2012–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Matti Vanhanen, Prime minister (2003–2010) ::*Mari Kiviniemi, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Jyrki Katainen, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Alexander Stubb, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Juha Sipilä, Prime minister (2015–2019) ::*Antti Rinne, Prime minister (2019) ::*Sanna Marin, Prime minister (2019–2023) • Iceland :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President (1996–2016) ::*Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, President (2016–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, Prime minister (2009–2013) ::*Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson, Prime minister (2013–2016) ::*Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime minister (2017) ::*Katrín Jakobsdóttir, Prime minister (2017–2024) • Norway :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Harald V, King (1991–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jens Stoltenberg, Prime minister (2005–2013) ::*Erna Solberg, Prime minister (2013–2021) • Sweden :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Carl XVI Gustaf, King (1973–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime minister (2006–2014) ::*Stefan Löfven, Prime minister (2014–2021) Europe: Southcentral • Italy :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Giorgio Napolitano, President (2006–2015) ::*Sergio Mattarella, President (2015–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Silvio Berlusconi, Prime minister (2008–2011) ::*Mario Monti, Prime minister (2011–2013) ::*Enrico Letta, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Matteo Renzi, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Paolo Gentiloni, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Giuseppe Conte, Prime Minister (2018–2021) • Malta :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*George Abela, President (2009–2014) ::*Marie-Louise Coleiro Preca, President (2014–2019) ::*George Vella, President (2019–2024) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Lawrence Gonzi, Prime minister (2004–2013) ::*Joseph Muscat, Prime minister (2013–2020) • San Marino :*Captains Regent (1900–present) – ::*Stefano Palmieri, Francesco Mussoni, Captains Regent (2009–2010) ::*Marco Conti, Glauco Sansovini, Captains Regent (2010) ::*Giovanni Francesco Ugolini, Andrea Zafferani, Captains Regent (2010–2011) ::*Maria Luisa Berti, Filippo Tamagnini, Captains Regent (2011) ::*Gabriele Gatti, Matteo Fiorini, Captains Regent (2011–2012) ::*Italo Righi, Maurizio Rattini, Captains Regent (2012) ::*Teodoro Lonfernini, Denise Bronzetti, Captains Regent (2012–2013) ::*Antonella Mularoni, Denis Amici, Captains Regent (2013) ::*Gian Carlo Capicchioni, Anna Maria Muccioli, Captains Regent (2013–2014) ::*Valeria Ciavatta, Luca Beccari, Captains Regent (2014) ::*Gianfranco Terenzi, Guerrino Zanotti, Captains Regent (2014–2015) ::*Andrea Belluzzi, Roberto Venturini, Captains Regent (2015) ::*Lorella Stefanelli, Nicola Renzi, Captains Regent (2015–2016) ::*Massimo Andrea Ugolini, Gian Nicola Berti, Captains Regent (2016) ::*Marino Riccardi, Fabio Berardi, Captains Regent (2016–2017) ::*Mimma Zavoli, Vanessa D'Ambrosio, Captains Regent (2017) ::*Enrico Carattoni, Matteo Fiorini, Captains Regent (2017–2018) ::*Stefano Palmieri, Matteo Ciacci, Captains Regent (2018) ::*Mirko Tomassoni, Luca Santolini, Captains Regent (2018–2019) ::*Nicola Selva, Michele Muratori, Captains Regent (2019) ::*Luca Boschi, Mariella Mularoni, Captains Regent (2019–2020) • Vatican City :*Sovereign (complete list) – ::*Benedict XVI, Sovereign (2005–2013) ::*Francis, Sovereign (2013–2025) :*President of the Governorate (complete list) – ::*Giovanni Lajolo, President of the Governorate (2006–2011) ::*Giuseppe Bertello, President of the Governorate (2011–2021) Europe: Southwest • Andorra :*Episcopal Co-Princes (complete list) – ::*Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-Prince (2003–2025) :*French Co-Princes (complete list) – ::*Nicolas Sarkozy, French Co-Prince (2007–2012) ::*François Hollande, French Co-Prince (2012–2017) ::*Emmanuel Macron, French Co-Prince (2017–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jaume Bartumeu, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Pere López Agràs, Acting Prime minister (2011) ::*Antoni Martí, Prime minister (2011–2019) ::*Xavier Espot, Prime minister (2019–present) • Portugal :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Aníbal Cavaco Silva, President (2006–2016) ::*Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, President (2016–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*José Sócrates, Prime minister (2005–2011) ::*Pedro Passos Coelho, Prime minister (2011–2015) ::*António Costa, Prime minister (2015–2024) • Spain :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Juan Carlos I, King (1975–2014) ::*Felipe VI, King (2014–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, Prime minister (2004–2011) ::*Mariano Rajoy, Prime minister (2011–2018) ::*Pedro Sánchez, Prime Minister (2018–present) Europe: West • Belgium :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Albert II, King (1993–2013) ::*Philippe, King (2013–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Yves Leterme, Prime minister (2009–2011) ::*Elio Di Rupo, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Charles Michel, Prime minister (2014–2019) ::*Sophie Wilmès, Prime minister (2019–2020) • France: Fifth Republic :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Nicolas Sarkozy, President (2007–2012) ::*François Hollande, President (2012–2017) ::*Emmanuel Macron, President (2017–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*François Fillon, Prime minister (2007–2012) ::*Jean-Marc Ayrault, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Manuel Valls, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Bernard Cazeneuve, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Édouard Philippe, Prime minister (2017–2020) • Luxembourg :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Henri, Grand Duke (2000–2025) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime minister (1995–2013) ::*Xavier Bettel, Prime minister (2013–2023) • Monaco :*Sovereign Prince (complete list) – ::*Albert II, Prince (2005–present) :*Minister of State (complete list) – ::*Jean-Paul Proust, Minister of state (2005–2010) ::*Michel Roger, Minister of state (2010–2015) ::*Gilles Tonelli, Acting Minister of state (2015–2016) ::*Serge Telle, Minister of State (2016–2020) ::*Pierre Dartout, Minister of State (2020–2024) • The Netherlands :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Beatrix, Queen (1980–2013) ::*Willem-Alexander, King (2013–present) :*Prime ministers of the Netherlands; Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (complete list) – ::*Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime minister (2002–2010) ::*Mark Rutte, Prime minister (2010–2024) Eurasia: Caucasus • Abkhazia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Sergei Bagapsh, President (2005–2011) ::*Alexander Ankvab, Acting President (2011), President (2011–2014) ::*Valeri Bganba, Acting President (2014) ::*Raul Khajimba, President (2014–2020) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Alexander Ankvab, Prime minister (2005–2010) ::*Sergei Shamba, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Leonid Lakerbaia, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Vladimir Delba, Acting Prime minister (2014) ::*Beslan Butba, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Shamil Adzynba, Acting Prime minister (2015) ::*Artur Mikvabia, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Shamil Adzynba, Acting Prime minister (2016) ::*Beslan Bartsits, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Gennadi Gagulia, Prime minister (2018) ::*Daur Arshba, Acting Prime minister (2018) ::*Valeri Bganba, Prime minister (2018–2020) • Armenia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Serzh Sargsyan, President (2008–2018) ::*Armen Sarkissian, President (2018–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Tigran Sargsyan, Prime minister (2008–2014) ::*Hovik Abrahamyan, Prime minister (2014–2016) ::*Karen Karapetyan, Prime minister (2016–2018) ::*Serzh Sargsyan, Prime minister (2018) ::*Karen Karapetyan, Acting prime minister (2018) ::*Nikol Pashinyan, Prime minister (2018–present) • Republic of Artsakh :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Bako Sahakyan, President (2007–2020) :*Presidents of the National Assembly (complete list) – ::*Ashot Ghulian, President of the National Assembly (2005–2020) • Azerbaijan :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Ilham Aliyev, President (2003–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Artur Rasizade, Prime minister (2003–2018) ::*Novruz Mammadov, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Ali Asadov, Prime minister (2019–present) • Georgia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Mikheil Saakashvili, President (2008–2013) ::*Giorgi Margvelashvili, President (2013–2018) ::*Salome Zourabichvili, President (2018–2024) :*Heads of government (complete list) – ::*Nika Gilauri, Prime minister (2009–2012) ::*Vano Merabishvili, Prime minister (2012) ::*Bidzina Ivanishvili, Prime minister (2012–2013) ::*Irakli Garibashvili, Prime minister (2013–2015) ::*Giorgi Kvirikashvili, Prime minister (2015–2018) ::*Mamuka Bakhtadze, Prime minister (2018–2019) ::*Giorgi Gakharia, Prime minister (2019–2021) • South Ossetia :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Eduard Kokoity, President (2001–2011) ::*Vadim Brovtsev, Acting President (2011–2012) ::*Leonid Tibilov, President (2012–2017) ::*Anatoly Bibilov, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Vadim Brovtsev, Prime minister (2009–2012) ::*Rostislav Khugayev, Prime minister (2012–2014) ::*Domenty Kulumbegov, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Erik Pukhayev, Prime minister (2017–2020) ==Oceania==

Oceania: Australia and Papua New Guinea • Australia :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Kevin Rudd, Prime minister (2007–2010) ::*Julia Gillard, Prime minister (2010–2013) ::*Kevin Rudd, Prime minister (2013) ::*Tony Abbott, Prime minister (2013–2015) ::*Malcolm Turnbull, Prime minister (2015–2018) ::*Scott Morrison, Prime minister (2018–2022) • Papua New Guinea :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1975–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Michael Somare, Prime minister (2002–2012) ::*Sam Abal, Acting Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Michael Somare, Prime minister (2011) ::*Sam Abal, Acting Prime minister (2011) ::*Peter O'Neill, Prime minister (2011–2019) ::*James Marape, Prime minister (2019–present) Oceania: Pacific • Cook Islands, state in free association :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1975–2022) :*Prime ministers ::*Jim Marurai, Prime minister (2004–2010) ::*Henry Puna, Prime minister (2010–2020) • Fiji :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Epeli Nailatikau, President (2009–2015) ::*Jioji Konrote, President (2015–2021) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Frank Bainimarama, Acting Prime minister (2007–2014), Prime minister (2014–2022) • Kiribati (complete list) – :*Anote Tong, President (2003–2016) :*Taneti Mamau, President (2016–present) • Marshall Islands (complete list) – :*Jurelang Zedkaia, President (2009–2012) :*Christopher Loeak, President (2012–2016) :*Casten Nemra, President (2016) :*Hilda Heine, President (2016–2020) • Federated States of Micronesia (complete list) – :*Manny Mori, President (2007–2015) :*Peter M. Christian, President (2015–2019) :*David Panuelo, President (2019–2023) • Nauru (complete list) – :*Marcus Stephen, President (2007–2011) :*Freddie Pitcher, President (2011) :*Sprent Dabwido, President (2011–2013) :*Baron Waqa, President (2013–2019) :*Lionel Aingimea, President (2019–2022) • New Zealand :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*John Key, Prime minister (2008–2016) ::*Bill English, Prime minister (2016–2017) ::*Jacinda Ardern, Prime minister (2017–2023) • Palau (complete list) – :*Johnson Toribiong, President (2009–2013) :*Tommy Remengesau Jr., President (2013–2021) • Samoa :*Heads of state (complete list) – ::*Tui Ātua Tupua Tamasese Efi, O le Ao o le Malo (2007–2017) ::*Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II, O le Ao o le Malo (2017–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Tuila'epa Sa'ilele Malielegaoi, Prime minister (1998–2021) • Solomon Islands :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1978–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Derek Sikua, Prime minister (2007–2010) ::*Danny Philip, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Gordon Darcy Lilo, Prime minister (2011–2014) ::*Manasseh Sogavare, Prime minister (2014–2017) ::*Rick Houenipwela, Prime minister (2017–2019) ::*Manasseh Sogavare, Prime minister (2019–2024) • Tonga :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*George Tupou V, King (2006–2012) ::*Tupou VI, King (2012–present) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Tupou VI, then known as ʻAhoʻeitu ʻUnuakiʻotonga Tukuʻaho, Prime minister (2000–2006) ::*Feleti Sevele, Prime minister (2006–2010) ::*Sialeʻataongo Tuʻivakanō, Prime minister (2010–2014) ::*ʻAkilisi Pōhiva, Prime minister (2014–2019) ::*Semisi Sika, Acting Prime minister (2019) ::*Pōhiva Tuʻiʻonetoa, Prime minister (2019–2021) • Tuvalu :*Monarchs (complete list) – ::*Elizabeth II, Queen (1978–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Apisai Ielemia, Prime minister (2006–2010) ::*Maatia Toafa, Prime minister (2010) ::*Willy Telavi, Prime minister (2010–2013) ::*Enele Sopoaga, Prime minister (2013–2019) ::*Kausea Natano, Prime minister (2019–2024) • Vanuatu :*Presidents (complete list) – ::*Iolu Abil, President (2009–2014) ::*Philip Boedoro, Acting President (2014) ::*Baldwin Lonsdale, President (2014–2017) ::*Esmon Saimon, Acting President (2017) ::*Tallis Obed Moses, President (2017–2022) :*Prime ministers (complete list) – ::*Edward Natapei, Prime minister (2009–2010) ::*Sato Kilman, Prime minister (2010–2011) ::*Serge Vohor, Prime minister (2011) ::*Sato Kilman, Prime minister (2011) ::*Edward Natapei, Acting Prime minister (2011) ::*Sato Kilman, Prime minister (2011–2013) ::*Moana Carcasses Kalosil, Prime minister (2013–2014) ::*Joe Natuman, Prime minister (2014–2015) ::*Sato Kilman, Prime minister (2015–2016) ::*Charlot Salwai, Prime minister (2016–2020) ==See also==