MarketOutline of Buddhism
Company Profile

Outline of Buddhism

Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha, "the awakened one".

The Buddha
Gautama BuddhaTathāgata — meaning "Thus Come One" and "Thus Gone One" simultaneously, the epithet the Buddha uses most often to refer to himself; occasionally it is used as a general designation for a person who has reached the highest attainment • Buddha's BirthdayEight Great EventsThe Four Sights — observations that affected Prince Siddhartha deeply and made him realize the sufferings of all beings, and compelled him to begin his spiritual journey • An old man • A sick man • A dead man • An ascetic/Monk • Qualities of the Buddha • Abandonment of all defilements (kilesa — principally greed, hatred and delusion) together with their residual impressions (vasana) • All defilements have been abandoned totally – all defilements have been destroyed with none remaining • All defilements have been abandoned completely – each defilement has been destroyed at the root, without residue • All defilements have been abandoned finally – no defilement can ever arise again in the future • Acquisition of all virtues • Great Wisdom (Mahapaññā) • Extensiveness of range – understanding the totality of existent phenomena • Profundity of view – understanding the precise mode of existence of each phenomenon • Great Compassion (Maha-karuṇā) • Physical characteristics of the BuddhaBuddha footprintBuddha statue (Buddharupa) • Iconography of Gautama Buddha in Laos and ThailandDepictions of Gautama Buddha in filmMiracles of Gautama BuddhaList of places where Gautama Buddha stayedColours of Buddha's aura (prabashvara) • Sapphire blue (nila) • Golden yellow (pita) • Crimson (lohita) • White (odata) • Scarlet (manjesta) • Family of Gautama BuddhaŚuddhodana (father) • Māyā (mother) • Yasodharā (wife) • Rāhula (son) • Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī (foster mother) • Nanda (half-brother) • Ānanda (cousin) • Anuruddha (cousin) • Devadatta (cousin) • Teachers of the Bodhisatta Gotama • Āḷāra Kālāma — taught Gautama the Jhanic Stage of nothingness • Uddaka Rāmaputta — taught Gautama the Jhanic Stage of neither perception nor non-perception • Gautama Buddha in world religionsGautama Buddha in Hinduism == Branches of Buddhism ==
Branches of Buddhism
Schools of Buddhism Schools of Buddhism Theravāda Theravada — literally, "the Teaching of the Elders" or "the Ancient Teaching", it is the oldest surviving Buddhist school. It was founded in India. It is relatively conservative, and generally closer to early Buddhism, and for many centuries has been the predominant religion of Sri Lanka (now about 70% of the population) and most of continental Southeast Asia. • Bangladesh: • Sangharaj NikayaMahasthabir NikayaBurma: • Thudhamma NikayaVipassana tradition of Mahasi SayadawShwekyin NikayaDvaya Nikaya or Dvara NikayaCambodiaLaosSri Lanka: • Siam NikayaAmarapura NikayaRamañña NikayaThailand: • Maha NikayaDhammakaya MovementThammayut NikayaThai Forest Tradition • Tradition of Ajahn Chah Mahāyāna Mahayana — literally the "Great Vehicle", it is the largest school of Buddhism, and originated in India. The term is also used for classification of Buddhist philosophies and practice. According to the teachings of Mahāyāna traditions, "Mahāyāna" also refers to the path of seeking complete enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings, also called "Bodhisattvayāna", or the "Bodhisattva Vehicle." • MadhyamakaPrāsangikaSvatantrikaSanlun (Three Treatise school) • Sanron • Maha-Madhyamaka (Jonangpa) • YogācāraCittamatra in Tibet • Wei-Shi (Consciousness-only school) or Faxiang (Dharma-character school) • BeopsangHossōTathagatagarbhaDaśabhūmikā (absorbed into Huayan) • Huayan () • HwaeomKegonChán / Zen / Seon / Thien • CaodongSōtōKeizan line • Jakuen line • Giin line • LinjiRinzaiŌbakuFukeWon Buddhism: Korean Reformed Buddhism • Pure Land (Amidism) • Jodo ShuJodo ShinshuTiantai (Lotus Sutra School) • CheontaeTendai (also contains Vajrayana elements) • NichirenNichiren ShūNichiren ShōshūNipponzan MyōhōjiSoka Gakkai Vajrayāna Vajrayana , a distinct symbol of Vajrayana • Tibetan BuddhismNyingmaNew Bön (synthesis of Yungdrung Bön and Nyingmapa) • KadamBodongSakyaNgor-paTsar-paJonangGelugKagyu: • Shangpa KagyuMarpa Kagyu: • Rechung KagyuDagpo Kagyu: • Karma Kagyu (or Kamtshang Kagyu) • Tsalpa KagyuBaram KagyuPagtru Kagyu (or Phagmo Drugpa Kagyu): • Taglung KagyuTrophu KagyuDrukpa KagyuMartsang KagyuYerpa KagyuYazang KagyuShugseb KagyuDrikung KagyuRime movement (ecumenical movement) • Japanese MikkyoShingonTendai (derived from Tiantai but added tantric practices) Early Buddhist schools Early Buddhist schools • Mahasamghaka| • Ekavyahārikas (during Aśoka) • LokottaravādaGolulaka (during Aśoka) • Bahuśrutīya (late third century BCE) • Prajñaptivāda (late third century BCE) • Caitika (mid-first century BCE) • Apara ŚailaUttara ŚailaCetiyavādaSthaviravādaPudgalavāda ('Personalist') (c. 280 BCE) • Vatsīputrīya (during Aśoka) later name: SaṃmitīyaDharmottarīyaBhadrayānīyaSannāgarikaVibhajjavāda (prior to 240 BCE; during Aśoka) • Theravāda (c. 240 BCE) • Mahīśāsaka (after 232 BCE) • Dharmaguptaka (after 232 BCE) • Sarvāstivāda (c. 237 BCE) • Kāśyapīya (after 232 BCE) • Sautrāntika (between 50 BCE and c. 100 CE) • Mūlasarvāstivāda (3rd and 4th centuries) • Vaibhashika Buddhist modernism Buddhist modernismHumanistic BuddhismNavayanaSōka GakkaiVipassana movementNew Kadampa TraditionFriends of the Western Buddhist OrderFo Guang Shan Buddhism worldwide Buddhism by countryBuddhism by country • Buddhism in the East • Tamil BuddhismBuddhism in Central AsiaBuddhism in Southeast AsiaEast Asian BuddhismBuddhism in the Middle EastBuddhism in the WestBuddhism in the AmericasBuddhism in Central AmericaBuddhism in AustraliaBuddhism in EuropeBuddhism in Africa == Buddhist scriptures and texts ==
Buddhist scriptures and texts
Buddhist texts Theravada texts Pali literaturePāli Canon (Tipitaka)Vinaya Pitaka — Basket of Discipline • SuttavibhangaPatimokkha — Buddhist Monastic Code • Khandhaka • Mahāvagga • Cullavagga • ParivaraSutta Pitaka — Basket of Discourses • Digha Nikaya — the Long Discourses • Brahmajala Sutta — Discourse on the Net of Perfect Wisdom • Samaññaphala Sutta — The Fruit of Contemplative Life Discourse • Kevatta SuttaMahaparinibbana Sutta — The Last Days of the Buddha • Mahasatipatthana Sutta — The Great Discourse on the Foundations of Mindfulness • Aggañña SuttaSigalovada SuttaMajjhima Nikaya — the Middle-length Discourses • Sammaditthi Sutta — Discourse on Right View • Satipatthana Sutta — The Discourse on the Foundations of Mindfulness • Aggi-Vacchagotta SuttaAnapanasati Sutta — Discourse on Mindfulness of Breathing • Samyutta Nikaya — the Connected Discourses • Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta — Setting Rolling the Wheel of Truth (Buddha's first discourse) • Anattalakkhana Sutta — The Nonself Characteristic (Buddha's second discourse) • Fire Sermon — Buddha's third discourse • Anguttara Nikaya — the Numerical Discourses • Dighajanu SuttaDona SuttaKalama SuttaUpajjhatthana Sutta — Subjects for Contemplation • Khuddaka Nikaya — the Minor Collection • KhuddakapathaMangala SuttaRatana SuttaKaraṇīya Mettā Sutta — The Hymn of Universal Love • Dhammapada — The Path of Truth • Udana — Inspired utterances • ItivuttakaSuttanipata • Uraga Vagga • Rhinoceros Horn SutraMetta Sutta • Cula Vagga • Ratana SuttaMangala SuttaDhammika Sutta • Maha Vagga • Atthaka VaggaParayana VaggaVimanavatthuPetavatthuTheragatha — Verses of the Elder Monks • Therigatha — Verses of the Elder Nuns • Jataka tales — Buddha's former lives • NiddesaPatisambhidamagga — Path of discrimination • ApadanaBuddhavamsaCariyapitakaNettipakaranaPetakopadesaMilindapanhaAbhidhamma Pitaka — Basket of Ultimate Doctrine • DhammasanganiVibhangaDhatukathaPuggalapannattiKathavatthuYamakaPatthanaAnupitaka — non-canonical or extra-canonical Pāli literature • Paracanonical textsCommentaries — commentaries on the Tipitaka • Subcommentaries — commentaries on the commentaries on the Tipitaka • VisuddhimaggaThe Path of Purification, considered the most important Theravada text outside of the Tipitaka canon of scriptures • VimuttimaggaThe Path of Freedom, manual of meditation • Abhidhammattha Sangaha — A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma Mahayana texts Mahayana sutrasAngulimaliya SutraBrahmajala SutraInnumerable Meanings SutraLalitavistara SutraLankavatara SutraLotus SutraPerfection of Wisdom sutras (Prajñāpāramitā) • Diamond SutraHeart SutraTen Stages SutraVimalakirti-nirdesa SutraSutra of Perfect EnlightenmentPlatform SutraAmitabha SutraAvatamsaka SutraContemplation SutraInfinite Life SutraMahaparinirvana SutraMahasamnipata SutraSanghata SutraShurangama SutraSutra of Forty-Two SectionsSutra of Golden LightSutra of The Great Vows of Ksitigarbha BodhisattvaUllambana SutraĀgamasChinese Buddhist canonTripitaka Koreana Vajrayana texts Buddhist TantrasGuhyasamāja TantraMahavairocana TantraVajrasekhara SutraHevajra TantraCakrasaṃvara TantraGuhyagarbha tantraMañjuśrī-mūla-kalpaShurangama SutraMañjuśrīnāmasamgītiKalachakra TantraNyingma GyubumGuhyagarbha tantraKulayarāja TantraSeventeen tantras of Dzogchen • Vima NyingtikLongchen NyingthigTibetan Buddhist canonKangyurTengyurTerma (hidden treasure) literature • Bardo Thodol == History of Buddhism ==
Doctrines of Buddhism
Three Jewels (TiratanaTriratna) Three JewelsBuddha — Gautama Buddha, the Blessed One, the Awakened One, the Teacher • Accomplished (arahaṃarhat) • Fully enlightened (sammā-sambuddhosamyak-saṃbuddha) • Perfect in true knowledge and conduct (vijjā-caraṇa sampannovidyā-caraṇa-saṃpanna) • Sublime (sugatosugata) • Knower of the worlds (lokavidūloka-vid) • Incomparable leader of persons to be tamed (anuttaro purisa-damma-sārathipuruṣa-damya-sārathi) • Teacher of devas and humans (satthā deva-manussānaṃśāsta deva-manuṣyāṇaṃ) • The Enlightened One (buddho) • The Blessed One (bhagavābhagavat) • Dhamma (Dharma) — the cosmic principle of truth, lawfulness, and virtue discovered, fathomed, and taught by the Buddha; the Buddha's teaching as an expression of that principle; the teaching that leads to enlightenment and liberation • Well expounded by the Blessed One (svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammosvākhyāta) • Directly visible (sandiṭṭhikosāṃdṛṣṭika) • Immediate (akālikoakālika) • Inviting one to come and see (ehi-passikoehipaśyika) • Worthy of application (opanayikoavapraṇayika) • To be personally experienced by the wise (paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhipratyātmaṃ veditavyo vijñaiḥ) • Saṅgha (Saṃgha) — the spiritual community, which is twofold (1) the monastic Saṅgha, the order of monks and nuns; and (2) the noble Saṅgha, the spiritual community of noble disciples who have reached the stages of world-transcending realization • Practicing the good way (supaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho) • Practicing the straight way (ujupaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho) • Practicing the true way (ñāyapaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho) • Practicing the proper way (sāmīcipaṭipanno bhagavato sāvaka-saṅgho) • Worthy of gifts (āhuṇeyyo) • Worthy of hospitality (pāhuṇeyyo) • Worthy of offerings (dakkhiṇeyyo) • Worthy of reverential salutation (añjalikaraṇīyo) • The unsurpassed field of merit for the world (anuttaraṃ puññākkhettaṃ lokassā) Four Noble Truths (Cattāri ariyasaccāniCatvāri āryasatyāni) Four Noble Truths 1. The Noble Truth of Suffering (Dukkha ariya sacca) Suffering (dukkhaduḥkha) — to be fully understood (pariññeyya) • Dukkha as intrinsic suffering, as bodily or mental pain (dukkha-dukkha) • birth (jāti) • old age (jarā) • illness (byādhi) • death (maraṇa) • sorrow (soka) • lamentation (parideva) • pain (dukkha) • grief (domanassa) • despair (upāyāsā) • Dukkha due to change (vipariṇāma-dukkha) • Association with the unpleasant (appiyehi sampayogo) • Separation from the pleasant (piyehi vippayogo) • Not to get what one wants (yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi) • Dukkha of conditioned formations (saṅkhāra-dukkha) • Five aggregates of clinging (pañcupādānakkhandha) • material form (rūpa) • feeling (vedanā) • perception (saññāsamjñā) • mental formations (saṅkhārasamskāra) • consciousness (viññāṇavijñāna) 2. The Noble Truth of the Origin of Suffering (Dukkha samudaya ariya sacca) Craving (taṇhātṛṣṇā) (samudaya) — to be abandoned (pahātabba) • Craving for sensual pleasures (kāma taṇhā) • Craving for existence (bhava taṇhā) • Craving for non-existence (vibhava taṇhā) 3. The Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering (Dukkha nirodha ariya sacca) Nirvana (NibbānaNirvāṇa) (nirodha) — to be realized (sacchikātabba) • Nibbāna element with residue remaining (sa-upādisesa nibbānadhātusopadhiśeṣa-nirvāṇa) • Nibbāna element with no residue remaining (anupādisesa nibbānadhātunir-upadhiśeṣa-nirvāṇa) — Parinirvana (parinibbānaparinirvāṇa) 4. The Noble Truth of the Path of Practice leading to the Cessation of Suffering (Dukkha nirodha gāminī paṭipadā ariya sacca) Noble Eightfold Path (Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo • ''Ārya 'ṣṭāṅga mārgaḥ) — to be developed (bhāvetabba'') • Right view • Right intention • Right speech • Right action • Right livelihood • Right effort • Right mindfulness • Right concentration Three Characteristics of Existence (TilakkhaṇaTrilakṣaṇa) Three marks of existenceImpermanence (aniccaanitya) • Suffering (dukkhaduḥkha) • Nonself (anattāanātman) Five Aggregates (Pañca khandhaPañca-skandha) SkandhaMatter (Form) (rūpa) • Four Great Elements (mahābhūta) • Earth element (paṭhavī-dhātu) • Water (or liquid) element (āpo-dhātu) • Fire (or heat) element (tejo-dhātu) • Air (or wind) element (vāyo-dhātu) • Feeling (vedanā) • Pleasant feeling (sukha) • Painful feeling (dukkhaduḥkha) • Neither-painful-nor-pleasant (neutral) feeling (adukkham-asukhā) • Perception (saññāsamjñā) • Mental formations (saṅkhārasamskāra) — see belowConsciousness (viññāṇavijñāna) Dependent Origination (PaticcasamuppādaPratītyasamutpāda) This/that Conditionality (Idappaccayatā) Describing the causal nature of everything in the universe, as expressed in the following formula: Twelve Links (Nidāna) Describes how suffering arises. • Ignorance (avijjāavidyā) • Not knowing suffering • Not knowing the origin of suffering • Not knowing the cessation of suffering • Not knowing the way leading to the cessation of sufferingVolitional formations (saṅkhārasaṃskāra) • Bodily formation • Verbal formation • Mental formation • Consciousness (viññāṇavijñāna) • Eye-consciousness • Ear-consciousness • Nose-consciousness • Tongue-consciousness • Body-consciousness • Mind-consciousness • Mind and body (nāmarūpa) • Mind (nāma) • Feeling (vedanā) • Perception (saññāsamjñā) • Volition (cetanā) • Contact (phassa) • Attention (manasikāra) • Body/materiality/form (rūpa) • Four Great ElementsEarth — solidity • Waterfluidity • Fire — heat • WindoscillationSix sense bases (saḷāyatanaṣaḍāyatana) • Eye-base • Ear-base • Nose-base • Tongue-base • Body-base • Mind-base • Contact (phassasparśa) • Eye-contact • Ear-contact • Nose-contact • Tongue-contact • Body-contact • Mind-contact • Feeling (vedanā) • Feeling born of eye-contact • Feeling born of ear-contact • Feeling born of nose-contact • Feeling born of tongue-contact • Feeling born of body-contact • Feeling born of mind-contact • Craving (taṇhātṛṣṇā) • Craving for forms • Craving for sounds • Craving for odors • Craving for flavors • Craving for tangibles • Craving for mind-objects • Clinging (upādāna) • Clinging to sensual pleasures (kāmupādāna) • Clinging to views (diṭṭhupādāna) • Clinging to rituals and observances (sīlabbatupādāna) • Clinging to a doctrine of self (attavādupādāna) • Being (bhava) • Sense-sphere being • Fine-material being • Immaterial being • Birth (jāti) • Old age and death (jarāmaraṇa) Transcendental Dependent Origination Describes the path out of suffering. • Suffering (dukkhaduḥkha) • Faith (saddhāśraddhā) • Joy (pāmojja) • Rapture (pītiprīti) • Tranquillity (passaddhi) • Happiness (sukha) • Concentration (samādhi) • Knowledge and vision of things as they really are (yathābhūta-ñāna-dassana) • Disenchantment with worldly life (nibbidā) • Dispassion (virāga) • Freedom (vimutti) • Knowledge of destruction of the taints (āsava-khaye-ñāna) Karma (Kamma) Karma in Buddhism • Definition — volitional action, considered particularly as a moral force capable of producing, for the agent, results that correspond to the ethical quality of the action; thus good karma produces happiness, and bad karma produces sufferingResult of karma (vipāka) • Intention (cetanā) • Wholesome intention (kusala) • Unwholesome intention (akusala) • Three doors of action (kammadvara) • Body — Bodily acts • Speech — Verbal acts • Mind — Mental acts • Roots (mula) • Unwholesome • Greed (lobharaga) • Hatred (dosadvesha) • Delusion (moha) • Wholesome • Nongreed (alobha) — renunciation, detachment, generosity • Nonhatred (adosa) — loving-kindness, sympathy, gentleness • Nondelusion (amoha) — wisdom • Courses of action (kammapatha) • Unwholesome • Bodily • Destroying life • Taking what is not given • Wrong conduct in regard to sense pleasures • Verbal • False speech • Slanderous speech • Harsh speech • Idle chatter • Mental • Covetousness • Ill will • Wrong view • Wholesome • Bodily • Abstaining from destroying life • Abstaining from taking what is not given • Abstaining from wrong conduct in regard to sense pleasures • Verbal • Abstaining from false speech • Abstaining from slanderous speech • Abstaining from harsh speech • Abstaining from idle chatter • Mental • Being free from covetousness • Being free from ill will • Holding right view • Function • Reproductive kamma (janaka kamma) — that which produces mental aggregates and material aggregates at the moment of conception • Supportive kamma (upatthambhaka kamma) — that which comes near the Reproductive Kamma and supports it • Obstructive kamma (upapiḍaka kamma) — that which tends to weaken, interrupt and retard the fruition of the Reproductive Kamma • Destructive kamma (upaghātaka kamma) — that which not only obstructs but also destroys the whole force of the Reproductive Kamma • Order to take effect • Weighty kamma (garuka kamma) — that which produces its results in this life or in the next for certain • Five heinous crimes, causing rebirth in hell immediately after death (ānantarika-kamma) • Intentionally killing one's father (patricide) • Intentionally killing one's mother (matricide) • Intentionally killing an arahant • Maliciously causing blood to flow from the body of a Buddha • Creating a schism in the sangha • Proximate kamma (āsanna kamma) — that which one does or remembers immediately before the dying moment • Habitual kamma (āciṇṇa kamma) — that which one habitually performs and recollects and for which one has a great liking • Reserve kamma (kaṭattā kamma) — refers to all actions that are done once and soon forgotten • Time of taking effect • Immediately effective kamma (diţţhadhammavedaniya kamma) • Subsequently, effective kamma (upapajjavedaniya kamma) • Indefinitely effective kamma (aṗarāpariyavedaniya kamma) • Defunct kamma (ahosi kamma) • Place of taking effect • Immoral (akusala) kamma pertaining to the sense-sphere (kamavacara) • Moral (kusala) kamma pertaining to the sense-sphere (kamavacara) • Moral kamma pertaining to the form-sphere (rupavacara) • Moral kamma pertaining to the formless-sphere (arupavacara) • Niyama DhammasUtu Niyama — Physical Inorganic Order (seasonal changes and climate), the natural law pertaining to physical objects and changes in the natural environment, such as the weather; the way flowers bloom in the day and fold up at night; the way soil, water and nutrients help a tree to grow; and the way things disintegrate and decompose. This perspective emphasizes the changes brought about by heat or temperature • Bīja Niyama — Physical Organic Order (laws of heredity), the natural law pertaining to heredity, which is best described in the adage, "as the seed, so the fruit” • Citta Niyama — Order of Mind and Psychic Law (will of mind), the natural law pertaining to the workings of the mind, the process of cognition of sense objects and the mental reactions to them • Kamma Niyama — Order of Acts and Results (consequences of one's actions), the natural law pertaining to human behavior, the process of the generation of action and its results. In essence, this is summarized in the words, "good deeds bring good results, bad deeds bring bad results” • Dhamma Niyama — Order of the Norm (nature's tendency to produce a perfect type), the natural law governing the relationship and interdependence of all things: the way all things arise, exist and then cease. All conditions are subject to change, are in a state of affliction and are not self: this is the Norm Rebirth (PunabbhavaPunarbhava) Saṃsāra — Lit., the "wandering," the round of rebirths without discoverable beginning, sustained by ignorance and craving Buddhist cosmology Buddhist cosmology , a symbolic depiction of the six realms. • Six realmsHeaven (sagga) • Tusita — one of the six deva-worlds of the kāmadhātuTāvatiṃsa — the fifth of the heavens of the kāmadhātu, and the highest of the heavens that maintains a physical connection with the rest of the world • Four Heavenly KingsDemigod realm (asura) • Human realm (mānusatta) • Hungry Ghost realm (petapreta) • Animal realmHell (nirayanaraka) • Avīci — the lowest level of the hell realm • Three planes of existence (tilokatriloka) • World of desire (kāmaloka) • World of form (rūpaloka) • World of formlessness (arūpaloka) • Ten spiritual realmsBuddhahoodBodhisattva — Bodhisattvahood • Pratyekabuddha — Realization • Sāvakabuddha — Learning • Deva — Heaven • Asura — Paranoid jealousy • Human beings in Buddhism — Humanity • Animals in Buddhism — Animality • Preta — Hunger • Naraka — Hell Sense bases (Āyatana) AyatanaSix sense bases (saḷāyatanaṣaḍāyatana) • eye (cakkhu) and Forms • Ear (sota) and Sounds • nose (ghāṇa) and Odors • Tongue (jivhā) and Flavors • Body (kāya) and Tactile objectsMind (mano) and Phenomena Six Great Elements (Dhātu) Earth element (paṭhavī-dhātu) • Water (or liquid) element (āpo-dhātu) • Fire element (tejo-dhātu) • Air (or wind) element (vāyo-dhātu) • Space element (ākāsa-dhātu) • Consciousness element (viññāṇa-dhātu) Faculties (Indriya) Indriya • Six sensory faculties • Eye/vision faculty (cakkh-undriya) • Ear/hearing faculty (sot-indriya) • Nose/smell faculty () • Tongue/taste faculty (jivh-indriya) • Body/sensibility faculty () • Mind faculty (man-indriya) • Three physical faculties • Femininity (itth-indriya) • Masculinity (puris-indriya) • Life or vitality () • Five feeling faculties • Physical pleasure (sukh-indriya) • Physical pain (dukkh-indriya) • Mental joy (somanasa-indriya) • Mental grief (domanass-indriya) • Indifference (upekh-indriya) • Five spiritual faculties • Faith ('''') • Energy (viriy-indriya) • Mindfulness (sat-indriya) • Concentration ('''') • Wisdom (-indriya) • Three final-knowledge faculties • Thinking "I shall know the unknown" ('''') • Gnosis ('''') • One who knows ('''') Formations (SaṅkhāraSaṃskāra) Mental Factors (CetasikaCaitasika ) Theravāda abhidhamma • Seven universal mental factors common to all; ethically variable mental factors common to all consciousnesses (sabbacittasādhāraṇa cetasikas) • Contact (phassa) • Feeling (vedanā) • Perception (saññā) • Volition (cetanā) • One-pointedness (ekaggatā) • Life Faculty (jīvitindriya) • Attention (manasikāra) • Six occasional or particular mental factors; ethically variable mental factors found only in certain consciousnesses (pakiṇṇaka cetasikas) • Application of thought (vitakka) • Examining (vicāra) • Decision (adhimokkha) • Energy (viriya) • Rapture (pīti) • Wholesome desire (chanda) • Fourteen unwholesome mental factors (akusala cetasikas) • Four universal unwholesome mental factors (akusalasādhāraṇa): • Delusion (moha) • Lack of shame (ahirika) • Disregard for consequence (anottappa) • Restlessness (uddhacca) • Three mental factors of the greed-group (lobha): • Greed (lobha) • Wrong view (diṭṭhi) • Conceit (māna) • Four mental factors of the hatred-group (dosa) • Hatred (dosa) • Envy (issā) • Miserliness (macchariya) • Regret (kukkucca) • Other unwholesome mental factors • Sloth (thīna) • Torpor (middha) • Doubt (vicikicchā) • Twenty-five beautiful mental factors (sobhana cetasikas) • Nineteen universal beautiful mental factors (sobhanasādhāraṇa): • Faith (saddhā) • Mindfulness (sati) • Shame at doing evil (hiri) • Regard for consequence (ottappa) • Lack of greed (alobha) • Lack of hatred (adosa) • Balance, neutrality of mind (tatramajjhattatā) • Tranquillity of mental body (kāyapassaddhi) • Tranquillity of consciousness (cittapassaddhi) • Lightness of mental body (kāyalahutā) • Lightness of consciousness (cittalahutā) • Softness/malleability of mental body (kāyamudutā) • Softness/malleability of consciousness (cittamudutā) • Readiness/wieldiness of mental body (kāyakammaññatā) • Readiness/wieldiness of consciousness (cittakammaññatā) • Proficiency of mental body (kāyapāguññatā) • Proficiency of consciousness (cittapāguññatā) • Straightness/rectitude of mental body (kāyujukatā) • Straightness/rectitude of consciousness (cittujukatā) • Three Abstinences (virati): • Right speech (sammāvācā) • Right action (sammākammanta) • Right livelihood (sammā-ājīva) • Two Illimitables (appamañña): • Compassion (karuṇā) • Sympathetic joy (muditā) • One Faculty of wisdom (paññindriya): • Wisdom (paññāprajñā) Mahayana abhidharma • Five universal mental factors (sarvatraga) common to all: • Sparśa — contact, contacting awareness, sense impression, touch • Vedanā — feeling, sensation • Saṃjñā — perception • Cetanā — volition • Manasikara — attention • Five determining mental factors (viṣayaniyata): • Chanda — desire (to act), intention, interest • Adhimoksha — decision, interest, firm conviction • Smṛti — mindfulness • Prajñā — wisdom • Samādhi — concentration • Eleven virtuous (kuśala) mental factors • Sraddhā — faith • Hrī — self-respect, conscientiousness, sense of shame • Apatrāpya — decorum, regard for consequence • Alobha — non-attachment • Adveṣa — non-aggression, equanimity, lack of hatred • Amoha — non-bewilderment • Vīrya — diligence, effort • Praśrabdhi — pliancy • Apramāda — conscientiousness • Upekṣa — equanimity • Ahiṃsā — nonharmfulness • Six root mental defilements (mūlakleśa): • Raga — attachment • Pratigha — anger • Avidya — ignorance • Māna — pride, conceit • Vicikitsa — doubt • Dṛiṣṭi — wrong view • Twenty secondary defilement (upakleśa): • Krodha — rage, fury • Upanāha — resentment • Mrakśa — concealment, slyness-concealment • Pradāśa — spitefulness • Irshya — envy, jealousy • Mātsarya — stinginess, avarice, miserliness • Māyā — pretense, deceit • Śāṭhya — hypocrisy, dishonesty • Mada — self-infatuation, mental inflation, self-satisfaction • Vihiṃsā — malice, hostility, cruelty, intention to harm • Āhrīkya — lack of shame, lack of conscious, shamelessness • Anapatrāpya — lack of propriety, disregard, shamelessness • Styāna — lethargy, gloominess • Auddhatya — excitement, ebullience • Āśraddhya — lack of faith, lack of trust • Kausīdya — laziness, slothfulness • Pramāda — heedlessness, carelessness, unconcern • Muṣitasmṛtitā — forgetfulness • Asaṃprajanya — non-alertness, inattentiveness • Vikṣepa — distraction, desultoriness • Four changeable mental factors (aniyata): • Kaukṛitya — regret, worry, • Middha — sleep, drowsiness • Vitarka — conception, selectiveness, examination • Vicāra — discernment, discursiveness, analysis Mind and Consciousness Citta — Mind, mindset, or state of mind • Cetasika — Mental factors • Manas — Mind, general thinking faculty • Consciousness (viññāṇa) • Mindstream (citta-saṃtāna) — the moment-to-moment continuity of consciousness • Bhavanga — the most fundamental aspect of mind in Theravada • Luminous mind (pabhassara citta) • Consciousness-only (vijñapti-mātratā) • Eight Consciousnesses (aṣṭavijñāna) • Eye-consciousness – seeing apprehended by the visual sense organs • Ear-consciousness – hearing apprehended by the auditory sense organs • Nose-consciousness – smelling apprehended through the olfactory organs • Tongue-consciousness – tasting perceived through the gustatory organs • Ideation-consciousness – the aspect of mind known in Sanskrit as the "mind monkey"; the consciousness of ideation • Body-consciousness – tactile feeling apprehended through skin contact, touch • The manas consciousness – obscuration-consciousness – a consciousness which through apprehension, gathers the hindrances, the poisons, the karmic formations • Store-house consciousness (ālāyavijñāna) — the seed consciousness, the consciousness which is the basis of the other seven • Mental proliferation (papañcaprapañca) — the deluded conceptualization of the world through the use of ever-expanding language and concepts • Monkey mind — unsettled, restless mind Obstacles to Enlightenment Taints (āsava) • Sensual desire (kāmāsava) • Becoming (bhavāsava) • Wrong view (diṭṭhāsava) • Ignorance (avijjāsava) • Defilements (kilesakleśā) • Three defilementsGreed (lobharāga) • Hatred (aversion) (dosadvesha) • Delusion (moha) • Round of defilements (kilesa-vaṭṭa) • Ignorance (avijjāavidyā) • Craving (taṇhātṛṣṇā) • Clinging (upādāna) • Four perversions of view, thought and perception (vipallasa) • Taking what is impermanent (aniccaanitya) to be permanent (niccanitya) • Taking what is suffering (dukkhaduḥkha) to be happiness (sukha) • Taking what is nonself (anattāanātman) to be self (attāātman) • Taking what is not beautiful (asubha) to be beautiful (subha) • Five hindrances (pañca nīvaraṇā) — the main inner impediments to the development of concentration and insight • Sensual desire (kāmacchanda) — craving for pleasure to the senses • Ill-will (vyāpāda) — feelings of malice directed toward others • Sloth and torpor (thīna-middha) — half-hearted action with little or no energy • Restlessness and remorse (uddhacca-kukkucca) — the inability to calm the mind • Doubt (vicikicchā) — lack of conviction or trust • Latent tendencies (anusaya) • Sensual passion (kāma-rāga) • Resistance (patigha) • Views (diṭṭhi) • Doubt (vicikicchā) • Conceit (māna) • Craving for continued existence (bhavarāga) • Ignorance (avijjāavidyā) • Ten Fetters (saṃyojana) • Identity view (sakkāyadiṭṭhi) — the view of a truly existent self either as identical with the five aggregates, or as existing in some relation to them • Eternity-belief (sassata-diṭṭhi) • Annihilation-belief (uccheda-diṭṭhi) • Doubt (vicikicchā) — doubt about the Buddha, the Dhamma, the Saṅgha, or the training • Wrong grasp of rules and observances (sīlabbata-parāmāsa) — the belief that mere external observances, particularly religious rituals and ascetic practices, can lead to liberation • Sensual lust (kāmacchando) • Ill will (vyāpādo) • Desire for existence in the form realm (rūparāgo) • Desire for existence in the formless realm (arūparāgo) • Conceit (māna) • Restlessness (uddhacca) • Ignorance (avijjāavidyā) Two Kinds of Happiness (Sukha) • Bodily pleasure (kayasukha) • Mental happiness (cittasukha) Two Kinds of Bhava Kamma Bhava — kammas caused by four Upadanas • Upapatti Bhava — rebirth bhava Two Guardians of the World (Sukka lokapala) Shame at doing evil (hiri) • Fear of the results of wrongdoing (ottappa) Three Conceits • "I am better" • "I am equal" • "I am worse" Three Standpoints Gratification (assāda) • Danger (ādinava) • Escape (nissaraṇa) Three Primary Aims • Welfare and happiness directly visible in this present life, attained by fulfilling one's moral commitments and social responsibilities (diṭṭha-dhamma-hitasukha) • Welfare and happiness pertaining to the next life, attained by engaging in meritorious deeds (samparāyika-hitasukha) • The ultimate good or supreme goal, Nibbāna, final release from the cycle of rebirths, attained by developing the Noble Eightfold Path (paramattha) Three Divisions of the Dharma Study (pariyatti) • Practice (paṭipatti) • Realization (pativedha) Four Kinds of Nutriment Physical food [either gross or subtle] (kabalinkaro) • Contact (phasso dutiyo) • Mental volition (manosancetana) • Consciousness (viññāṇavijñāna) Four Kinds of Acquisitions (Upadhi) The Five Aggregates (khandhaskandha) • Defilements (kilesakleśā) • Volitional formations (saṅkhārasaṃskāra) • Sensual pleasures (kāmacchanda) Eight Worldly Conditions :The "Eight Worldly Winds" referenced in discussions of Equanimity (upekkhā, upekṣhā) • Pleasure and painPraise and blame • Honour and dishonourGain and loss Truth (SaccaSatya) Four Noble Truths (cattāri ariyasaccānicatvāri āryasatyāni) • Suffering (dukkhaduḥkha) • Cause of suffering (samudaya) • Cessation of suffering (nirodha) • Path leading to the cessation of suffering (maggamarga) • Two truths doctrineConventional truth (sammutisaccasaṃvṛtisatya) • Ultimate truth (paramatthasaccaparamārthasatya) Higher Knowledge (AbhiññāAbhijñā) Abhijñā • Six types of higher knowledges (chalabhiñña) • Supernormal powers (iddhi) • Multiplying the body into many and into one again • Appearing and vanishing at will • Passing through solid objects as if space • Ability to rise and sink in the ground as if in water • Walking on water as if land • Flying through the skies • Touching anything at any distance (even the moon or sun) • Traveling to other worlds (like the world of Brahma) with or without the body • Divine ear (dibba-sota), that is, clairaudience • Mind-penetrating knowledge (ceto-pariya-ñāa), that is, telepathy • Remembering one's former abodes (pubbe-nivāsanussati), that is, recalling one's own past lives • Divine eye (dibba-cakkhu), that is, knowing others' karmic destinations • Extinction of mental intoxicants (āsavakkhaya), upon which arahantship follows • Three knowledges (tevijja) • Remembering one's former abodes (pubbe-nivāsanussati) • Divine eye (dibba-cakkhu) • Extinction of mental intoxicants (āsavakkhaya) Great fruits of the contemplative life (Maha-Phala) PhalaEquanimity (upekkhā, upekṣhā) • Fearlessness (nibbhaya) • Freedom from unhappiness & suffering (asukhacaadukkha) • Meditative Absorption (samādhi) • Out-of-body experience (manomaya) • Clairaudience (dibba-sota) • Intuition and mental telepathy (ceto-pariya-ñána) • Recollection of past lives (patisandhi) • Clairvoyance (dibba-cakkhu) • The Ending of Mental Fermentations (samatha) Concepts unique to Mahayana and Vajrayana Bardo — Intermediate state • Shinay bardo – the Bardo of This Life • Milam bardo – the Bardo of Dream • Samten bardo – the Bardo of Meditation • Chikkhai bardo – the Bardo of Dying • Chönyid bardo – the Bardo of Dharmata • Sidpai bardo – the Bardo of Existence • Bodhicitta — the wish to attain BuddhahoodBodhisattva — name given to anyone who has generated bodhicitta • Buddha-nature — immortal potency or element within the purest depths of the mind, present in all sentient beings, for awakening and becoming a Buddha • Dzogchen — the natural, primordial state or natural condition of every sentient being • Eternal BuddhaLung (Tibetan Buddhism)Pure landRainbow body — a body not made of flesh, but consists of pure light, an astral body • Svabhava — Intrinsic nature • Tathātā/Dharmatā — Thusness • Dharmadhatu — Realm of Truth • Four DharmadhātuTermaThree RootsLamaIṣṭha-deva(tā) — Yidam • Dakini/DharmapalaTrikayaNirmanakayaSambhogakayaDharmakāyaUpāya — Skillful means • Five Wisdoms Other concepts Emptiness (suññatāśūnyatā) • Middle Way (majjhimā paṭipadāmadhyamā-pratipad) — the Buddhist path of non-extremism • Avoiding the extreme of sensual indulgence (kāmesu kāma-sukha-allika) • Avoiding the extreme of self-mortification (atta-kilamatha) • Sentient beings (sattasattva) == Buddhist practices ==
Buddhist practices
Buddhist devotion Buddhist devotionTaking refuge in the Triple GemBuddhaDharmaSanghaWorship (pūjā) — see also: AbhishekaOfferingsProstration (panipātanamas-kara) • ChantingMantraOm mani padme humNamo AmituofoNam Myōhō Renge KyōBuddhoNamo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa — Homage to the Blessed One, the Worthy One, the Fully Self-enlightened One Moral discipline and precepts (SīlaŚīla) Five Precepts (pañca-sīlānipañca-śīlāni) • Abstaining from taking life (pāṇātipātā veramaṇī) • Abstaining from taking what is not given (adinnādānā veramaṇī) • Abstaining from sexual misconduct (kāmesu micchācāra veramaṇī) • Abstaining from false speech (musāvāda veramaṇī) • Abstaining from drinks and drugs that cause heedlessness (surā-meraya-majja-pamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī) • Eight Precepts (aṭṭhasīla) • Abstaining from taking life (both human and non-human) • Abstaining from taking what is not given (stealing) • Abstaining from all sexual activity • Abstaining from telling lies • Abstaining from using intoxicating drinks and drugs which lead to carelessness • Abstaining from eating at the wrong time (the right time is eating once, after sunrise, before noon) • Abstaining from singing, dancing, playing music, attending entertainment performances, wearing perfume, and using cosmetics and garlands (decorative accessories) • Abstaining from luxurious places for sitting or sleeping • Ten Precepts (dasasīla) • Abstaining from killing living things • Abstaining from stealing • Abstaining from un-chastity (sensuality, sexuality, lust) • Abstaining from lying • Abstaining from taking intoxicants • Abstaining from taking food at inappropriate times (after noon) • Abstaining from singing, dancing, playing music or attending entertainment programs (performances) • Abstaining from wearing perfume, cosmetics and garland (decorative accessories) • Abstaining from sitting on high chairs and sleeping on luxurious, soft beds • Abstaining from accepting money • Sixteen Precepts • Three Treasures • Taking refuge in the Buddha • Taking refuge in the Dharma • Taking refuge in the Sangha • Three Pure Precepts • Not Creating Evil • Practicing Good • Actualizing Good For Others • Ten Grave Precepts • Affirm life; Do not kill • Be giving; Do not steal • Honor the body; Do not misuse sexuality • Manifest truth; Do not lie • Proceed clearly; Do not cloud the mind • See the perfection; Do not speak of others errors and faults • Realize self and other as one; Do not elevate the self and blame others • Give generously; Do not be withholding • Actualize harmony; Do not be angry • Experience the intimacy of things; Do not defile the Three Treasures • VinayaPātimokkha (Pratimoksha) — the code of monastic rules binding on members of the Buddhist monastic order • Parajika (defeats) — four rules entailing expulsion from the sangha for life • Sexual intercourse, that is, any voluntary sexual interaction between a bhikkhu and a living being, except for mouth-to-mouth intercourse which falls under the sanghadisesaStealing, that is, the robbery of anything worth more than 1/24 troy ounce of gold (as determined by local law.) • Intentionally bringing about the death of a human being, even if it is still an embryo — whether by killing the person, arranging for an assassin to kill the person, inciting the person to die, or describing the advantages of death • Deliberately lying to another person that one has attained a superior human state, such as claiming to be an arahant when one knows one is not, or claiming to have attained one of the jhanas when one knows one hasn't • Sanghadisesa — thirteen rules requiring an initial and subsequent meeting of the sangha (communal meetings) • Aniyata — two indefinite rules where a monk is accused of having committed an offence with a woman in a screened (enclosed) or private place by a lay person • Nissaggiya pacittiya — thirty rules entailing "confession with forfeiture" • Pacittiya — ninety-two rules entailing confession • Patidesaniya — four violations which must be verbally acknowledged • Sekhiyavatta — seventy-five rules of training, which are mainly about the deportment of a monk • Sāruppa — proper behavior • Bhojanapatisamyutta — food • Dhammadesanāpatisamyutta — teaching dhamma • Pakinnaka — miscellaneous • Adhikarana-samatha — seven rules for settlement of legal processes that concern monks only • Bodhisattva vowsSamaya — a set of vows or precepts given to initiates of an esoteric Vajrayana Buddhist order • Ascetic practices (dhutanga) — a group of thirteen austerities, or ascetic practices, most commonly observed by Forest Monastics of the Theravada Tradition of Buddhism Three Resolutions • To abstain from all evil (sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ) • To cultivate the good (kusalassa upasampadā) • To purify one's mind (sacittapariyodapanaṃ) Three Pillars of Dharma Generosity (dāna) • Morality (sīlaśīla) • Meditation (bhāvanā) Threefold Training (Sikkhā) Threefold Training • The training in the higher moral discipline (adhisīla-sikkhā) — morality (sīlaśīla) • The training in the higher mind (adhicitta-sikkhā) — concentration (samādhi) • The training in the higher wisdom (adhipaññā-sikkhā) — wisdom (paññāprajñā) Five Qualities Faith (saddhāśraddhā) • Morality (sīlaśīla) • Learning (suta) • Generosity (cāga) • Wisdom (paññāprajñā) Five Powers of a Trainee Faith (saddhāśraddhā) • Conscience (hiri) — an innate sense of shame over moral transgression • Fear of wrong-doing (ottappa) — moral dread, fear of the results of wrongdoing • Energy (viriyavīrya) • Wisdom (paññāprajñā) Five Things that lead to Enlightenment Admirable friendship (kalyāṇa-mittatākalyāṇa-mitratā) • Morality (sīlaśīla) • Hearing the DhammaExertion (viriyavīrya) • Awareness of impermanence (anicca-ñāṇa) Five Subjects for Contemplation Upajjhatthana Sutta • I am subject to ageing, I am not exempt from ageing • I am subject to illness, I am not exempt from illness • I am subject to death, I am not exempt from death • There will be change and separation from all that I hold dear and near to me • I am the owner of my actions, heir to my actions, I am born of my actions, I am related to my actions and I have my actions as refuge; whatever I do, good or evil, of that I will be the heir Gradual training (Anupubbikathā) Generosity (dāna) • Virtue (sīlaśīla) • Heaven (sagga) • Danger of sensual pleasure (kāmānaṃ ādīnava) • Renunciation (nekkhamma) • The Four Noble Truths (cattāri ariyasaccānicatvāri āryasatyāni) Seven Good Qualities (Satta saddhammā) Faith (saddhāśraddhā) • Conscience (hiri) • Moral dread (ottappa) • Learning (suta) • Energy (viriyavīrya) • Mindfulness (satismṛti) • Wisdom (paññāprajñā) Ten Meritorious Deeds (Dasa Punnakiriya vatthu) Generosity (dāna) • Morality (sīlaśīla) • Meditation (bhāvanā) • Paying due respect to those who are worthy of it (apacayana) • Helping others perform good deeds (veyyavacca) • Sharing of merit after doing some good deed (anumodana) • Rejoicing in the merits of others (pattanumodana) • Teaching the Dhamma (dhammadesana) • Listening to the Dhamma (dhammassavana) • Straightening one's own views (ditthujukamma) Perfections (PāramīPāramitā) Ten Theravada Pāramīs (Dasa pāramiyo) Generosity (dāna) • Morality (sīla) • Renunciation (nekkhamma) • Wisdom (paññā) • Energy (virya) • Patience (khanti) • Truthfulness (sacca) • Determination (adhiṭṭhāna) • Loving-kindness (mettā) • Equanimity (upekkhā) Six Mahayana Pāramitās Generosity (dāna) • Morality (śīla) • Patience (kṣanti) • Energy (vīrya) • Concentration (dhyāna) • Wisdom (prajñā) States Pertaining to Enlightenment (BodhipakkhiyādhammāBodhipakṣa dharma) Four Foundations of Mindfulness (Cattāro satipaṭṭhānāSmṛtyupasthāna) Satipatthana • Mindfulness of the body (kāyagatāsatikāyasmṛti) • Mindfulness of breathing (ānāpānasatiānāpānasmṛti) • Mindfulness of the body (kāyanupassana) — first tetrad • Breathing a long breath • Breathing a short breath • Experiencing the whole (breath-) body (awareness of the beginning, middle, and end of the breath) • Tranquilizing the bodily formation • Mindfulness of feelings (vedanānupassana) — second tetrad • Experiencing rapture • Experiencing bliss • Experiencing the mental formation • Tranquilizing the mental formation • Mindfulness of the mind (cittanupassana) — third tetrad • Experiencing the mind • Gladdening the mind • Concentrating the mind • Liberating the mind • Mindfulness of Dhammas (dhammānupassana) — fourth tetrad • Contemplating impermanence (aniccānupassī) • Contemplating fading away (virāgānupassī) • Contemplating cessation (nirodhānupassī) • Contemplating relinquishment (paṭinissaggānupassī) • PosturesWalkingStandingSittingLying downClear comprehension (sampajaññasamprajaña) • Clear comprehension of the purpose of one's action (sātthaka) • Clear comprehension of the suitability of one's means to the achievement of one's purpose (sappāya) • Clear comprehension of the domain, that is, not abandoning the subject of meditation during one's daily routine (gocara) • Clear comprehension of reality, the awareness that behind one's activities there is no abiding self (asammoha) • Reflections on repulsiveness of the body, meditation on the thirty-two body parts (patikulamanasikara) • head hairs • body hairsnailsteeth • skin • fleshtendons • bones • bone marrowkidneys • heartliverpleura (or diaphragm) • spleenlungs • intestines • mesenterystomachfecesbilephlegmpus • blood • sweat • fat • tearsskin-oilsalivamucussynovial fluidurine • brain • Reflections on the material elements (mahābhūta) • EarthWaterFireWindCemetery contemplations (asubha) • Swollen or bloated corpse • Corpse brownish black or purplish blue with decay • Festering or suppurated corpse • Corpse splattered half or fissured from decay • Corpse gnawed by animals such as wild dogs and foxes • Corpse scattered in parts, hands, legs, head and body being dispersed • Corpse cut and thrown away in parts after killing • Bleeding corpse, i.e. with red blood oozing out • Corpse infested with and eaten by worms • Remains of a corpse in a heap of bones, i.e. skeleton • Mindfulness of feelings (vedanāsativedanāsmṛti) • Pleasant feeling • Worldly pleasant feeling • Spiritual pleasant feeling • Painful feeling • Worldly painful feeling • Spiritual painful feeling • Neither-pleasant-nor-painful (neutral) feeling • Worldly neutral feeling • Spiritual neutral feeling • Mindfulness of the mind (cittasaticittasmṛti) • With lust (sarāga) or without lust (vītarāga) • With hate (sadosa) or without hate (vītadosa) • With delusion (samoha) or without delusion (vītamoha) • Contracted (sakhitta) or scattered (vikkhitta) • Lofty (mahaggata) or not lofty (amahaggata) • Surpassable (sa-uttara) or unsurpassed (anuttara) • Quieted (samāhita) or not quieted (asamāhita) • Released (vimutta) or not released (avimutta) • Mindfulness of mental phenomena (dhammāsatidharmasmṛti) • HindrancesAggregates of clingingSense bases and their fettersSeven factors of enlightenmentFour Noble Truths Four Right Efforts (Cattārimāni sammappadhānāniSamyak-pradhāna) Four Right Exertions • The effort to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome mental states (anuppādāya) • The effort to abandon arisen unwholesome mental states (pahānāya) • The effort to generate unarisen wholesome mental states (uppādāya) • The effort to maintain and perfect arisen wholesome mental states (ṭhitiyā) Four Roads to Mental Power (IddhipādaṚddhipāda) Iddhipada • Concentration due to desire (chanda) • Concentration due to energy (viriyavīrya) • Concentration due to mind (citta) • Concentration due to investigation (vīmaṃsā) Five Spiritual Faculties (Pañca indriya) IndriyaFaith (saddhāśraddhā) — faith in the Buddha's awakening • Energy (viriyavīrya) — exertion towards the Four Right EffortsMindfulness (satismṛti) — focusing on the four satipatthanaConcentration (samādhi) — achieving the four jhānas • Wisdom (paññāprajñā) — discerning the Four Noble Truths Five Powers (Pañca bala) Five StrengthsFaith (saddhāśraddhā) — controls doubt • Energy (viriyavīrya) — controls laziness • Mindfulness (satismṛti) — controls heedlessness • Concentration (samādhi) — controls distraction • Wisdom (paññāprajñā) — controls ignorance Seven Factors of Enlightenment (Satta sambojjhaṅgāSapta bodhyanga) Seven Factors of Enlightenment Neutral Mindfulness (satismṛti) Arousing Investigation of doctrine (dhamma vicayadharma-vicaya) • Energy (viriyavīrya) • Rapture (pītiprīti) Calming Tranquillity (passaddhi) • Concentration (samādhi) • Equanimity (upekkhāupekṣā) Noble Eightfold Path (Ariya aṭṭhaṅgika magga • ''Ārya 'ṣṭāṅga mārgaḥ'') Noble Eightfold Path Wisdom (Paññākkhandha) , symbol of the Noble Eightfold Path, the Buddha's teaching of the path to enlightenment • Right view (sammā-diṭṭhisamyag-dṛṣṭi) • Mundane right view • Karma • Supramundane right view • Right view that accords with the Four Noble Truths (saccanulomika sammā-diṭṭhi) • Study • Contemplation • Meditation • Right view that penetrates the Four Noble Truths (saccapativedha sammā-diṭṭhi) • Right intention (sammā-saṅkappasamyak-saṃkalpa) • The intention of renunciation (nekkhamma-sankappa) • The intention of non-ill will (abyapada-sankappa) • The intention of harmlessness (avihimsa-sankappa) Moral discipline (Sīlakkhandha) Right speech (sammā-vācāsamyag-vāc) • Abstaining from false speech (musāvāda veramaṇī) • Abstaining from slanderous speech (pisunaya vacaya veramaṇī) • Abstaining from harsh speech (pharusaya vacaya veramaṇī) • Abstaining from verbal abuse • Abstaining from insults • Abstaining from sarcasm • Abstaining from idle chatter (samphappalāpa veramaṇī) • Right action (sammā-kammantasamyak-karmānta) • Abstaining from the taking of life (pāṇātipātā veramaṇī) • Abstaining from homicide • Abstaining from animal slaughter • Abstaining from hunting • Abstaining from fishing • Abstaining from killing insects • Abstaining from deliberately harming or torturing another being • Abstaining from taking what is not given (adinnādānā veramaṇī) • Abstaining from stealing • Abstaining from robbery • Abstaining from snatching • Abstaining from fraudulence • Abstaining from deceitfulness • Abstaining from sexual misconduct (kāmesu micchācāra veramaṇī) • Abstaining from adultery • Abstaining from sexual harassment • Abstaining from rape • Right livelihood (sammā-ājīvasamyag-ājīva) • Abstaining from dealing in weapons • Abstaining from dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution) • Abstaining from dealing in meat production and butchery • Abstaining from dealing in poisons • Abstaining from dealing in intoxicants • Abstaining from deceit • Abstaining from treachery • Abstaining from soothsaying • Abstaining from trickery • Abstaining from usury Concentration (Samādhikkhandha) Right effort (sammā-vāyāmasamyag-vyāyāma) • The effort to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states of mind (samvarappadhana) • Wise attention (yoniso manasikara) • Restraint of the sense faculties (indriya-samvara) • The effort to abandon unwholesome states of mind that have already arisen (pahanappadhana) • Overcoming the Five hindrances • The effort to generate wholesome states of mind that have not yet arisen (bhavanappadhana) • Seven Factors of Enlightenment (satta sambojjhaṅgāsapta bodhyanga) • Mindfulness (sati) • Investigation of doctrine (dhamma vicaya) • Energy (viriyavīrya) • Rapture (pīti) • Tranquillity (passaddhi) • Concentration (samādhi) • Equanimity (upekkha) • The effort to maintain and perfect wholesome states of mind already arisen (anurakkhanappadhana) • Right mindfulness (sammā-satisamyak-smṛti) • Contemplation of the body (kāyanupassana) • Contemplation of feeling (vedanānupassana) • Contemplation of states of mind (cittanupassana) • Contemplation of phenomena (dhammānupassana) • Right concentration (sammā-samādhisamyak-samādhi) • Four jhānas • First jhāna (pathamajjhana) • Second jhāna (dutiyajjhana) • Third jhāna (tatiyajjhana) • Fourth jhāna (catutthajjhana) Acquired factors Right knowledge (sammā-ñāṇa) • Right liberation (sammā-vimutti) Buddhist meditation Theravada meditation practices Tranquillity/Serenity/Calm (SamathaŚamatha) SamathaPlace of work (kammaṭṭhāna) • Ten Kasinas • Earth kasina (pathavikasinam) • Water kasina (apokasinam) • Fire kasina (tejokasinam) • Wind kasina (vayokasinam) • Brownish or deep purplish blue kasina (nilakasinam) • Yellow kasina (pitakasinam) • Red kasina (lohitakasinam) • White kasina (odatakasinam) • Light kasina (alokakasinam) • Open air-space, sky kasina (akasakasinam) • Ten reflections on repulsiveness (asubas) • A swollen or bloated corpse (uddhumatakam) • A corpse brownish black or purplish blue with decay (vinilakam) • A festering or suppurated corpse (vipubbakam) • A corpse splattered half or fissured from decay (vicchiddakam) • A corpse gnawed by animals such as wild dogs and foxes (vikkhayittakam) • A corpse scattered in parts, hands, legs, head and body being dispersed (vikkhitakam) • A corpse cut and thrown away in parts after killing (hatavikkhittakam) • A bleeding corpse, i.e. with red blood oozing out (lohitakam) • A corpse infested with and eaten by worms (puluvakam) • Remains of a corpse in a heap of bones, i.e. skeleton (atthikam) • Ten Recollections (anussatianusmriti) • Buddhānussati (Buddhanusmrti) — Recollection of the Buddha — fixing the mind with attentiveness and reflecting repeatedly on the glorious virtues and attributes of BuddhaDhammānussati (Dharmanusmrti) — Recollection of the Dhamma — ''reflecting with serious attentiveness repeatedly on the virtues and qualities of Buddha's teachings and his doctrine'' • Saṅghānussati (Sanghanusmrti) — Recollection of the Saṅgha — fixing the mind strongly and repeatedly upon the rare attributes and sanctity of the SanghaSīlānussati — Recollection of virtue — ''reflecting seriously and repeatedly on the purification of one's own morality or sīla'' • Cāgānussati — Recollection of generosity — ''reflecting repeatedly on the mind's purity in the noble act of one's own dāna, charitableness and liberality'' • Devatānussati — Recollection of deities — ''reflecting with serious and repeated attention on one's own complete possession of the qualities of absolute faith (saddhā), morality (sīla), learning (suta), liberality (cāga) and wisdom (paññā) just as the devas have, to enable one to be reborn in the world of devas'' • Maraṇānussati — Mindfulness of death — reflecting repeatedly on the inevitability of deathKāyagatāsati — Mindfulness of the body — reflecting earnestly and repeatedly on the impurity of the body which is composed of the detestable 32 constituents such as hair, body hair, nails, teeth, skin, etc.Ānāpānasati — Mindfulness of breathing — repeated reflection on the inhaled and exhaled breathUpasamānussati — Recollection of peace — reflecting repeatedly with serious attentiveness on the supreme spiritual blissful state of NirvanaFour Divine Abidings (brahmavihāra) • Loving-kindness (mettāmaitrī) • Compassion (karuṇā) • Sympathetic joy (muditā) • Equanimity (upekkhāupekṣā) • Four formless jhānas (arūpajhāna) • Base of the infinity of space (ākāsānañcāyatana) • Base of the infinity of consciousness (viññāṇañcāyatana) • Base of nothingness (ākiñcaññāyatana) • Base of neither-perception-nor-nonperception (nevasaññānāsaññāyatana) • Perception of disgust of food (aharepatikulasanna) • Four Great Elements (mahābhūta) • Earth element (paṭhavī-dhātu) • Water (or liquid) element (āpo-dhātu) • Fire element (tejo-dhātu) • Air (or wind) element (vāyo-dhātu) Concentration (Samādhi) Sign (nimitta) • Learning sign (uggahanimitta) • Counterpart sign (paṭibhāganimitta) • Momentary concentration (khaṇikasamādhi) • Preliminary concentration (parikammasamādhi) • Neighbourhood concentration (upacārasamādhi) • Nine attainments (samāpatti) • Attainment concentration (appanāsamādhi) • Jhāna (Dhyāna) — states of deep meditative concentration marked by the one-pointed fixation of the mind upon its object • Four form jhānas (rūpajhāna) • First jhāna (pathamajjhana) • initial application (vittaka) • sustained application (vicāra) • rapture (pīti) • bliss (sukha) • one-pointedness (ekaggata) • Second jhāna (dutiyajjhana) • rapture (pīti) • bliss (sukha) • one-pointedness (ekaggata) • Third jhāna (tatiyajjhana) • bliss (sukha) • one-pointedness (ekaggata) • Fourth jhāna (catutthajjhana) • one-pointedness (ekaggata) • equanimity (upekkhā • upekṣā) • Four formless jhānas (arūpajhāna) • Base of the infinity of space (ākāsānañcāyatana) • Base of the infinity of consciousness (viññāṇañcāyatana) • Base of nothingness (ākiñcaññāyatana) • Base of neither-perception-nor-nonperception (nevasaññānāsaññāyatana) • Cessation of perception and feeling (nirodha-samāpatti) Insight meditation (VipassanāVipaśyanā) Insight knowledge (vipassanā-ñāṇa) • Vipassana jhanas • Eighteen kinds of insight • Contemplation on impermanence (aniccanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of permanence • Contemplation on unsatisfactoriness (dukkhanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of real happiness • Contemplation on non-self (anattanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of self • Contemplation on disenchantment (revulsion) (nibbidanupassana) overcomes affection • Contemplation on dispassion (fading away) (viraganupassana) overcomes greed • Contemplation on cessation (nirodhanupassana) overcomes the arising • Contemplation on giving up (patinissagganupassana) overcomes attachment • Contemplation on dissolution (khayanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of something compact • Contemplation on disappearance (vayanupassana) overcomes kamma-accumulation • Contemplation on changeableness (viparinamanupassana) overcomes the wrong idea of something immutable • Contemplation on the signless (animittanupassana) overcomes the conditions of rebirth • Contemplation on the desireless (appanihitanupassana) overcomes longing • Contemplation on emptiness (suññatanupassana) overcomes clinging • Higher wisdom and insight (adhipaññadhamma vipassana) overcomes the wrong idea of something substantial • True eye of knowledge (yathabhuta ñanadassana) overcomes clinging to delusion • Contemplation on misery (adinavanupassana) overcomes clinging to desire • Reflecting contemplation (patisankhanupassana) overcomes thoughtlessness • Contemplation on the standstill of existence (vivattanupassana) overcomes being entangled in fetters • Sixteen Stages of Vipassanā Knowledge • Knowledge to distinguish mental and physical states (namarupa pariccheda ñāṇa) • Knowledge of the cause-and-effect relationship between mental and physical states (paccaya pariggaha ñāṇa) • Knowledge of mental and physical processes as impermanent, unsatisfactory and nonself (sammasana ñāṇa) • Knowledge of arising and passing away (udayabbaya ñāṇa) • Knowledge of the dissolution of formations (bhanga ñāṇa) • Knowledge of the fearful nature of mental and physical states (bhaya ñāṇa) • Knowledge of mental and physical states as unsatisfactory (adinava ñāṇa) • Knowledge of disenchantment (nibbida ñāṇa) • Knowledge of the desire to abandon the worldly state (muncitukamayata ñāṇa) • Knowledge which investigates the path to deliverance and instills a decision to practice further (patisankha ñāṇa) • Knowledge which regards mental and physical states with equanimity (sankharupekha ñāṇa) • Knowledge which conforms to the Four Noble Truths (anuloma ñāṇa) • Knowledge of deliverance from the worldly condition (gotrabhu ñāṇa) • Knowledge by which defilements are abandoned and are overcome by destruction (magga ñāṇa) • Knowledge which realizes the fruit of the path and has nibbana as object (phala ñāṇa) • Knowledge which reviews the defilements still remaining (paccavekkhana ñāṇa) Zen meditation practices ZazenConcentrationKōan — a story, dialogue, question, or statement in Zen, containing aspects that are inaccessible to rational understanding, yet may be accessible to intuition • Shikantaza — just sitting Vajrayana meditation practices TonglenTantraAnuttarayoga TantraGeneration stageCompletion stageMargaphalaNgöndro — Four thoughts which turn the mind towards Dharma • The freedoms and advantages of precious human rebirth • The truth of impermanence and change • The workings of karma • The suffering of living beings within Samsara Other practices AhimsaNon-violenceAppamada — Heedfulness • Chöd — advanced spiritual practice and discipline arising from confluences of Bonpo, Mahasidda, Nyingmapa traditions and now practiced throughout the schools of Tibetan BuddhismMeritParitta — Protection • Samvega and pasadaSimran == Attainment of Enlightenment ==
Attainment of Enlightenment
Enlightenment in Buddhism General Nirvana (NibbānaNirvāṇa) — the final goal of the Buddha's teaching; the unconditioned state beyond the round of rebirths, to be attained by the destruction of the defilements; Full Enlightenment or Awakening, the cessation of suffering; saupādisesa-nibbāna-dhātu – Nibbāna with residue remaining • Parinirvana (ParinibbānaParinirvāṇa) — final passing away of an enlightened person, final Nibbāna, Nibbāna at death; anupādisesa-nibbāna-dhātu – Nibbāna without residue remaining • Bodhi — the awakening attained by the Buddha and his accomplished disciples, referring to insight into the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold PathTypes of BuddhaSammāsambuddha (Samyak-saṃbuddha) — one who, by his own efforts, attains Nirvana, having rediscovered the Noble Eightfold Path after it has been lost to humanity, and makes this Path known to others • Paccekabuddha (Pratyekabuddha) — "a lone Buddha", a self-awakened Buddha, but one who lacks the ability to spread the Dhamma to others • Sāvakabuddha (Śrāvakabuddha) — enlightened 'disciple of a Buddha'. Usual being named Arhat Theravada Four stages of enlightenment (see also: Ariya-puggala – Noble Ones) • Sotāpanna — Stream-enterer (first stage of enlightenment) — one who has "opened the eye of the Dhamma", and is guaranteed enlightenment after no more than seven successive rebirths, having eradicated the first three fetters • The four factors leading to stream-entry • Association with superior persons • Hearing the true Dhamma • Careful attention • Practice in accordance with the Dhamma • The four factors of a stream-enterer • Possessing confirmed confidence in the Buddha • Possessing confirmed confidence in the Dhamma • Possessing confirmed confidence in the Sangha • Possessing moral virtues dear to the noble ones • Sakadagami — Once-returner (second stage of enlightenment) — will be reborn into the human world once more, before attaining enlightenment, having eradicated the first three fetters and attenuated greed, hatred, and delusion • Anāgāmi — Non-returner (third stage of enlightenment) — does not come back into human existence, or any lower world, after death, but is reborn in the "Pure Abodes", where he will attain Nirvāṇa, having eradicated the first five fettersArahant — "Worthy One", (see also: Arhat), a fully enlightened human being who has abandoned all ten fetters, and who upon decease (Parinibbāna) will not be reborn in any world, having wholly abandoned saṃsāra Mahayana Bodhisattva — one who has generated bodhicitta, the spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood • Bodhisattva Bhumis — stages of enlightenment through which a bodhisattva passes Zen Satori — a Japanese Buddhist term for "enlightenment", which translates as a flash of sudden awareness, or individual enlightenment • Kensho — "Seeing one's nature" == Buddhist monasticism and laity ==
Buddhist monasticism and laity
Buddhist monasticismDisciple 声闻弟子ShengWenDiZi (sāvakaśrāvaka) • Male lay follower (忧婆塞 YouPoSai) (upāsaka) and Female lay follower (忧婆夷 YouPoYi) (upāsikā) • Householder 在家弟子ZaiJiaDiZiDhammacārī — lay devotees who have seriously committed themselves to Buddhist practice for several years • Anāgārika — lay attendant of a monk • 近侍Jisha (Japan), JinShi (chinese) — personal attendant of a monastery's abbot or teacher in Chan/Zen Buddhism • Ngagpa — non-monastic male practitioners of such disciplines as Vajrayana, shamanism, Tibetan medicine, Tantra and Dzogchen • Thilashin — Burmese Buddhist female lay renunciant • Mae ji — Buddhist laywomen in Thailand occupying a position somewhere between that of an ordinary lay follower and an ordained monk • Lower ordination (pabbajjapravrajya) • Novice monk (sāmaṇeraśrāmaṇera) • Novice nun (samaṇerīśrāmaṇerī) • Higher ordination (upasampadā) • Monk (bhikkhubhikṣu) • Nun (bhikkhunībhikṣuṇī) • Titles for Buddhist teachers • General • Acariya (Ācārya) — teacher • Upajjhaya (Upādhyāya) — preceptor • Pandita — a learned master, scholar or professor in Buddhist philosophy • BhanteVenerable Sir • in Theravada • in Southeast Asia • Ayya — commonly used as a veneration in addressing or referring to an ordained Buddhist nun • in ThailandAjahn — Thai term which translates as teacher • Luang Por — means "venerable father" and is used as a title for respected senior Buddhist monastics • in BurmaSayādaw — a Burmese senior monk of a monastery • in China • 和尚,Heshang — high-ranking or highly virtuous Buddhist monk; respectful designation for Buddhist monks in general • 僧侣,SengLv — Monk • 住持,ZhuChi — Abbot • 禅师,ChanShi — Chan/Zen Master • 法师,FaShi — Dharma Master • 律师,LvShi — Vinaya Master, teacher who focuses on the discipline and precepts • 开山祖师,KaiShanZuShi — founder of a school of Buddhism or the founding abbot of a Zen monastery • 比丘,BiQiu — transliteration of Bhikkhu • 比丘尼,BiQiuNi — transliteration of Bhikkhuni • 沙弥,ShaMi — transliteration of Samanera • 沙弥尼,ShaMiNi — transliteration of Samaneri • 尼姑,NiGu — Nun • 论师,LunShi — Abhidharma Master, one who is well versed in the psychology, thesis and higher teachings of Buddhism • 师兄,ShiXiong — dharma brothers, used by laity to address each other, note that all male or female lay disciples are called 'Dharma Brothers' • in Japan • Ajari — a Japanese term that is used in various schools of Buddhism in Japan, specifically Tendai and Shingon, in reference to a "senior monk who teaches students • 和尚 Oshō — high-ranking or highly virtuous Buddhist monk; respectful designation for Buddhist monks in general • in Zen • in Japan • 开山 Kaisan — founder of a school of Buddhism or the founding abbot of a Zen monastery • 老师 Roshi — a Japanese honorific title used in Zen Buddhism that literally means "old teacher" or "elder master" and usually denotes the person who gives spiritual guidance to a Zen sangha • 先生 Sensei — ordained teacher below the rank of roshi • Zen master — individual who teaches Zen Buddhism to others • in KoreaSunim — Korean title for a Buddhist monk or Buddhist nun • in Tibetan BuddhismGeshe — Tibetan Buddhist academic degree for monks • GuruKhenpo — academic degree similar to that of a doctorate or Geshe. Khenpos often are made abbots of centers and monasteries • Khenchen — academic degree similar in depth to post doctorate work. Senior most scholars often manage many Khenpos • Lama — Tibetan teacher of the Dharma • Rinpoche — an honorific which literally means "precious one" • Tulku — an enlightened Tibetan Buddhist lama who has, through phowa and siddhi, consciously determined to take birth, often many times, to continue his or her Bodhisattva vow == Major figures of Buddhism ==
Major figures of Buddhism
List of Buddhists Founder Gautama Buddha — The Buddha, Siddhattha Gotama (Pali), Siddhārtha Gautama (Sanskrit), Śākyamuni (Sage of the Sakya clan), The Awakened One, The Enlightened One, The Blessed One, Tathāgata (Thus Come One, Thus Gone One) Buddha's disciples and early Buddhists Chief Disciples Sāriputta — Chief disciple, "General of the Dhamma", foremost in wisdom • Mahamoggallāna — Second chief disciple, foremost in psychic powers Great Disciples Monks Ānanda — Buddha's cousin and personal attendant • Maha Kassapa — Convener of First Buddhist Council • Anuruddha — Half-cousin of the Buddha • Mahakaccana — Foremost in teaching • Nanda — Half-brother of the Buddha • SubhutiPunnaUpali — Master of the Vinaya Nuns Mahapajapati Gotami — Eldest nun, half-mother of Buddha • Khema — First great female disciple in power • Uppalavanna — Second great female disciple • Patacara — Foremost exponent of the Vinaya, the rules of monastic discipline Laymen Anathapindika — Chief lay disciple, foremost disciple in generosity • Hatthaka of AlaviJivakaCitta — the foremost householder for explaining the Teaching • Cunda Laywomen KhujjuttaraVelukandakiyaVisakhaRohiniSujata First five disciples of the Buddha Kondañña — the first Arahant • Assaji — converted Sāriputta and Mahamoggallāna • BhaddiyaVappaMahanama Two seven-year-old Arahants Samanera SumanaSamanera Pandita Other disciples Channa — royal servant and head charioteer of Prince Siddhartha • Angulimala — mass murderer turned saint • Kisa Gotami Later Indian Buddhists (after Gotama Buddha) Ashoka – emperor of the Indian subcontinent emperor from 268 to 232 BCE and a convert who facilitated the spread of Buddhism across Asia • Sanghamitta — daughter of Emperor Ashoka • Mahinda — son of Emperor Ashoka • Nagarjuna — founder of the Madhyamaka school • Aryadeva — disciple of Nagarjuna • Asanga — exponent of the yogācāra school • VasubandhuBuddhaghosa — 5th-century Indian Theravadin Buddhist commentator and scholar, author of the VisuddhimaggaBuddhapālita — commentator on the works of Nagarjuna and Aryadeva • CandrakīrtiDharmakirtiAtishaB. R. Ambedkar – a Father of modern India, Polymath, Revivalist of Buddhism Indo-Greek Buddhists DharmaraksitaNagasena Chinese Buddhists BodhidharmaDajian HuinengIngen Tibetan Buddhists , Tenzin Gyatso, a renowned Tibetan lama. • Je TsongkhapaMilarepaLongchenpaMarpa LotsawaPadmasambhavaDrogmi — founder of the Sakya school of Tibetan BuddhismSakya PanditaPanchen LamaKarmapaDalai Lama1st Dalai Lama2nd Dalai Lama3rd Dalai Lama4th Dalai Lama5th Dalai Lama6th Dalai Lama7th Dalai Lama8th Dalai Lama9th Dalai Lama10th Dalai Lama11th Dalai Lama12th Dalai Lama13th Dalai Lama14th Dalai Lama Japanese Buddhists SaichōKūkaiHōnenShinranDōgenEisaiNichiren Vietnamese Buddhists Trần Thái TôngTrần Thánh TôngTrần Nhân TôngTrần Anh TôngTrần Minh TôngTrần Hiến TôngTrần Dụ TôngTrần Nghệ TôngTrần Duệ TôngTrần Hưng ĐạoTrần Thuận TôngTrần Thiếu ĐếLý Thái TổLý Thái TôngLý Thường KiệtLý Long TườngThich Quang DucThích Trí QuangThích Nhất Hạnh • Thich Thiên ÂnThích Quảng ĐộThích Thanh TừThích Nhật Từ • Thich Chan Khong Burmese Buddhists Ledi SayadawMahāsī SayādawMother SayamagyiS. N. GoenkaU Ba KhinU NāradaU PanditaWebu Sayadaw Thai Buddhists Ajahn BuddhadasaAjahn ChahAjahn LeeAjahn Maha BuaAjahn Mun BhuridattaAjahn Thate Sri Lankan Buddhists Balangoda Ananda MaitreyaHenepola GunaratanaK. Sri DhammanandaPiyadassi Maha TheraWalpola Rahula American Buddhists Ajahn SumedhoBhikkhu BodhiThanissaro Bhikkhu Brazilian Buddhists Ajahn MuditoMonja CoenLama Michel Rinpoche British Buddhists Ajahn AmaroAjahn BrahmAjahn KhemadhammoHoun Jiyu-KennettÑāṇamoli BhikkhuÑāṇavīra TheraArthur Lillie German Buddhists Ayya KhemaBhikkhu AnalayoMuho NoelkeNyanatilokaNyanaponika Thera Irish Buddhists U Dhammaloka == Buddhist philosophy ==
Buddhist philosophy
Buddhist philosophy at Samye Ling Monastery. • Abhidharma (Abhidhamma) • Buddhist anarchismBuddhist atomismBuddhism and the bodyBuddhologyEngaged BuddhismBuddhist economicsBuddhist eschatologyBuddhist ethicsBuddhism and abortionBuddhism and euthanasiaBuddhism and sexualityBuddhist views on masturbationLGBT topics and BuddhismBuddhism and evolutionFour imponderablesFourteen unanswerable questions • Questions referring to the world: concerning the existence of the world in time • Is the world eternal? • or not? • or both? • or neither? • Questions referring to the world: concerning the existence of the world in space • Is the world finite? • or not? • or both? • or neither? • Questions referring to personal experience • Is the self identical with the body? • or is it different from the body? • Questions referring to life after death • Does the Tathagata exist after death? • or not? • or both? • or neither? • God in BuddhismHumanistic BuddhismBuddhist logicBuddhist mythologyReality in BuddhismBuddhist socialism == Buddhist culture ==
Buddhist culture
AlmsAngo — three-month-long period of intense training for students of Zen Buddhism • Buddhist architectureVihara — Buddhist monasteryWat — monastery temple in Cambodia, Thailand, Lanna or LaosThai temple art and architectureStupamound-like structure containing Buddhist relics • Pagoda — tiered tower with multiple eaves common in China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other parts of Asia • Zendo — meditation hall in Zen Buddhism • Butsudan — shrine • Buddhist artGreco-Buddhist artStanding BuddhaBuddhist poetryBuddhist musicBuddha statue • Colossal Buddha statues • Tian Tan BuddhaKamakura Great BuddhaGrand Buddha at Ling ShanLeshan Giant BuddhaGifu Great BuddhaGreat BuddhaBuddhist calendar • Buddhist clothes • Tricivara — Monastic robe • Antaravasaka — Lower robe • Uttarasanga — Upper robe • Sangati — Outer robe • Buddhist cuisineBuddhist vegetarianismDharaniDrubchen — traditional form of meditation retreat in Tibetan Buddhism • Funeral (Buddhism)Buddhist holidaysVesak — birth, enlightenment (Nirvana), and passing away (Parinirvana) of Gautama Buddha • Asalha PujaMagha PujaUposatha — the Buddhist observance days, falling on the days of the full moon and new moon, when the monks gather to recite the Pātimokkha and lay people often visit monasteries and temples to undertake the eight precepts • Kathina — festival which comes at the end of Vassa • KaichoKīla — three-sided peg, stake, knife, or nail like ritual implement traditionally associated with Indo-Tibetan Buddhism • Mandala — concentric diagram having spiritual and ritual significance • Sand mandalaBuddhist prayer beads — Mala • MantraOm mani padme humNamo AmituofoNam Myōhō Renge KyōOm tare tuttare ture svahaBuddhoNamo Tassa Bhagavato Arahato SammāsambuddhassaBuddhist view of marriageMudra — Symbolic or ritual gesture • Añjali Mudrā — greeting gesture which consists of putting the palms together in front of the chest • Buddhist musicPrayer wheelSarira — Buddhist relics • Sesshin — period of intensive meditation (zazen) in a Zen monasteryBuddhist symbolismDharmacakra — Wheel of Dhamma • Bhavacakra — Wheel of Becoming • Buddhist flagEnsō — Symbol in Zen symbolizing enlightenment, strength, elegance, the Universe, and the void • ThangkaTree of physiologyAshtamangalaVajra — short metal weapon that has the symbolic nature of a diamond • Vassa — Rains retreat == Buddhist pilgrimage ==
Buddhist pilgrimage
Buddhist pilgrimage • The Four Main Sites • Lumbini — Buddha's birthplace • Maya Devi TempleBodh Gaya — Buddha's place of EnlightenmentMahabodhi TempleBodhi TreeSarnath — Place of Buddha's first discourse • Kushinagar — Place of Buddha's final passing away • Four Additional Sites • SravastiRajgirSankassaVaishali • Other Sites • PatnaGayaKosambiMathuraKapilavastuDevadahaKesariyaPavaNalandaVaranasi • Later Sites • SanchiRatnagiriElloraAjanthaBharhut == Comparative Buddhism ==
Other topics related to Buddhism
Access to Insight — Readings in Theravada Buddhism website • AnuradhapuraMahaviharaAbhayagiri ViharaAsceticismAshoka the GreatBasic points unifying Theravāda and MahāyānaBodhimanda (Bodhimandala) • Bodhisatta — a future Buddha, one destined to attain unsurpassed perfect enlightenment; specifically, it is the term the Buddha uses to refer to himself in the period prior to his enlightenment, both in past lives and in his last life before he attained enlightenment • BodhisattvaAkasagarbhaAvalokiteśvara (Guan Yin) • Guan YuKsitigarbhaMahasthamapraptaMetteyya/Maitreya — Future Buddha, successor of Gautama Buddha • Manjusri — the bodhisattva associated with wisdom, doctrine and awareness • NioSamantabhadraShantidevaSitatapatraSkandaSupushpachandraSuryaprabhaTaraVajrapaniVasudharaBorobudur — ninth-century Mahayana Buddhist Monument in Magelang, Indonesia • Brahmā — according to the brahmins, the supreme personal deity, but in the Buddha's teaching, a powerful deity who rules over a high divine state of existence called the brahma world; more generally, the word denotes the class of superior devas inhabiting the form realm • Brahmacharya — the Holy Life • Budai or Hotei — the obese Laughing Buddha, usually seen in China • BuddhasGautama BuddhaDipankara BuddhaKakusandha BuddhaKassapa BuddhaKoṇāgamana BuddhaPadumuttara BuddhaAdi-BuddhaAmitābha — the principal Buddha in the Pure Land sect • Medicine BuddhaBuddhas of BamyanBuddhavacana — the Word of the Buddha • Buddhist calendarBuddhist Initiation Ritual — a public ordination ceremony wherein a lay student of Zen Buddhism receives certain Buddhist precepts, "a rite in which they publicly avow allegiance to 'The Three Refuges' of Buddhist practice: The Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha • Buddhist Publication Society — a charity whose goal is to explain and spread the doctrine of the Buddha • Buddhist studiesCambridge Buddhist AssociationChakravartin — Wheel-turning Monarch • Critical BuddhismDalit Buddhist movementDeva — a deity or god; the beings inhabiting the heavenly worlds, usually in the sense-sphere realm but more broadly in all three realms • DhammakayaWat Phra DhammakayaDhammakaya MovementDhammakaya meditationDharma nameDharma talkDharma transmissionDiamond Way BuddhismDipavamsa • Eight Thoughts of a Great Man • This Dhamma is for one who wants little, not for one who wants much. • This Dhamma is for the contented, not for the discontented. • This Dhamma is for the secluded, not for one fond of society. • This Dhamma is for the energetic, not for the lazy. • This Dhamma is for the mindful, not for the unmindful. • This Dhamma is for the composed, not for the uncomposed. • This Dhamma is for the wise, not for the unwise. • This Dhamma is for one who is free from impediments, not for one who delights in impediments • EmpowermentEuropean Buddhist UnionFive Dhyani BuddhasVairocanaAkshobhyaAmitābhaRatnasambhavaAmoghasiddhiFive Pure LightsFoundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana TraditionFriends of the Western Buddhist OrderGandhabbaGandhāran Buddhist TextsGlossary of Japanese BuddhismHinayana — "Inferior vehicle", often interpreted as a pejorative term used in Mahayana doctrine to refer to the early Buddhist schools • IcchantikaInkaInternational Buddhist CollegeJambudvipa — lit., "rose-apple island," the Indian subcontinentJetavanaKalachakraKalpa (aeon) — an aeon or cosmic cycle, the period of time it takes for a world system to arise, evolve, dissolve, and persist in a state of disintegration before a new cycle begins • Kanthaka — Prince Siddhartha's favourite white horse • KegonKing AjātasattuKing BimbisāraKing Menander I (King Milinda)King PasenādiKosalaKwan Um School of ZenLaughing BuddhaLife release – Practice of saving the lives of beings destined for slaughter • LineageLiturgical languages • in TheravadaPāḷi • in MahayanaSanskritBuddhist Hybrid SanskritLuang PrabangMahasati meditationMahavamsaMāra — "The Evil One" or "Tempter"; a malevolent deity who tries to prevent people from practicing the Dhamma and thereby escaping the round of rebirths • Klesa-māra, or Māra as the embodiment of all unskillful emotions • Mrtyu-māra, or Māra as death, in the sense of the ceaseless round of birth and death • Skandha-māra, or Māra as metaphor for the entirety of conditioned existence • Devaputra-māra, or Māra the son of a deva (god), that is, Māra as an objectively existent being rather than as a metaphor • Medicine BuddhaMonasteriesAngkor WatPhra Pathom ChediShaolin MonasteryShwedagon PagodaWat Phra DhammakayaWat Phra KaewWat Phrathat Doi SuthepNāga — the Serpent King • NikāyaNikaya BuddhismNoble SilencePali Text SocietyPerfection of Wisdom SchoolPersecution of BuddhistsPhra Pathom ChediPreachingPurity in BuddhismPyrrhonismRamifications of the Buddha conceptReincarnationSaddhamma — True Dhamma • Sakka — the King of gods • Samaṇa • Six samana • Purana KassapaMakkhali GosalaAjita KesakambaliPakudha KaccayanaNigaṇṭha Nātaputta (Mahavira)Sanjaya BelatthaputtaSamāpatti — correct acquisition of Truth • Sāsana — Dispensation • Shakya — ancient kingdom of Iron Age India, Siddhartha Gautama's clan • Shambhala BuddhismSouthern, Eastern and Northern BuddhismSumeru — central world-mountain in Buddhist cosmology • SutraThe birth of Buddha (Lalitavistara)The Path to NirvanaThree Ages of BuddhismThree Turnings of the Wheel of DharmaTriratna Buddhist CommunityTrue Buddha School • Two foremost teachers (two persons which one can never pay back gratitude-debts in full) • One's mother • One's father • Vipassana movementWomen in BuddhismWorld Buddhist Sangha CouncilWorld Fellowship of BuddhistsYakkha — a broad class of nature-spirits, usually benevolent, who are caretakers of the natural treasures hidden in the earth and tree roots • Yama — King of Death • Yana — Vehicle • Śrāvakayāna — the hearer vehicle • Pratyekayana — the individual vehicle • Bodhisattvayāna • Young Buddhist AssociationYoung Men's Buddhist AssociationZabuton — rectangular meditation cushionZafu — round meditation cushion == Lists ==
Charts
File:Dhamma_Chart_in_English.gif|Dhamma chart in English File:Dhamma_Chart_in_Pali.gif|Dhamma chart in the Pali language ==Notes==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com