Market1923
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1923

1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1923rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 923rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1920s decade. As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches after Greece adopted the Gregorian calendar.

Events
January–February January 5Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory). • January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, to force Germany to make reparation payments. • January 17 (or 9) – First flight of the first rotorcraft, Juan de la Cierva's Cierva C.4 autogyro, in Spain. (It is first demonstrated to the military on January 31.) • February 5 – Australian cricketer Bill Ponsford makes 429 runs to break the world record for the highest first-class cricket score for the first time in his third match at this level, at Melbourne Cricket Ground, giving the Victoria cricket team an innings total of 1,059. • February 9Billy Hughes, having resigned as Prime Minister of Australia, after the Country Party refuses to govern in coalition with him as the leader of the Nationalist Party, is succeeded by Stanley Bruce. A Liberal–National Coalition will persist in the politics of Australia for at least 100 years. March–April March 1Eskom, the largest electricity producer in Africa, is established in South Africa. • March 3 – The first issue of TIME magazine is published. • March 6 – The Egyptian Feminist Union (Arabic: الاتحاد النسائي المصري), the first nationwide feminist movement in Egypt, is founded at the home of activist Huda Sha'arawi. • March 9Vladimir Lenin suffers his third stroke, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires from his position as Chairman of the Soviet government. • March 17Dobrolyot is formed as the first Soviet civil aviation service; it will become part of flag carrier Aeroflot. • March 23 – The Posey War, the last conflict between American Indians and settlers, concludes, ending the American Indian Wars. • March 28Regia Aeronautica, the air force of Fascist Italy, is founded. • April 6 – The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed, in Victoria Institution, Federated Malay States. • April 12 – The Kandersteg International Scout Centre comes into existence in Switzerland. • April 19Hjalmar Branting leaves office as Prime Minister of Sweden, after the Swedish Riksdag has rejected a government proposal regarding unemployment benefits. Right-wing academic and jurist Ernst Trygger succeeds him. • The Egyptian Constitution of 1923 is adopted, introducing a parliamentary system of democracy in the country. • April 23 – The Gdynia seaport is inaugurated, on the Polish Corridor. • April 26Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon: The future King George VI of the United Kingdom marries the future Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in Westminster Abbey. • April 28 – The original Wembley Stadium in London, England, opens its doors to the public for the first time, staging the FA Cup Final between Bolton Wanderers and West Ham United. May–June May 9 • Southeastern Michigan receives a record of snow, after temperatures plummeted from to between 1 and 6 pm on the previous day. • The premiere of Bertolt Brecht's play In the Jungle (Im Dickicht), at the Residenztheater in Munich, is interrupted by Nazi demonstrators. • May 20 – British Prime Minister Bonar Law resigns, due to ill health. • May 23Stanley Baldwin is appointed British Prime Minister. • Belgium's Sabena Airlines is created. • May 24 – The Irish Civil War ends. • May 26 – The first 24 Hours of Le Mans motor race is held, and is won by André Lagache and René Léonard. • May 27 – The Ku Klux Klan in the United States defies a law requiring publication of its membership. • June 9Bulgarian coup d'état of 1923: A military coup in Bulgaria ousts prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski (he is killed June 14). • June 12William Walton's Façade is performed for the first time, in London. • June 13 – President Li Yuanhong of China abandons his residence because a warlord has commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off its water and electric supplies in order to force him to abandon his post. • June 16 – The storming of Ayan in Siberia concludes the Yakut Revolt and the Russian Civil War. • June 17 – On the Savio Circuit in Ravenna, Italy, Enzo Ferrari wins his first Grand Prix as a racecar driver. It also marks the first time he paints the prancing horse logo on his car, which will become the symbol of Scuderia Ferrari and Ferrari S.p.A.June 18Mount Etna erupts in Italy, making 60,000 homeless. July–August July 10 – Large hailstones kill 23 people in Rostov, Soviet Union. • July 13 • The Hollywood Sign is inaugurated in California (originally reading Hollywoodland). • American explorer Roy Chapman Andrews discovers the first dinosaur eggs near Flaming Cliffs, Mongolia. • July 20Pancho Villa is assassinated at Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua. • July 24 – The Treaty of Lausanne (1923), settling the boundaries of the modern Republic of Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War, bringing an end to the Ottoman Empire after 624 years. • JulyHyperinflation in the Weimar Republic (Germany) sees the number of marks needed to purchase a single American dollar reach 353,000 – more than 200 times the amount needed at the start of the year. • August 2 – Vice President Calvin Coolidge becomes the 30th president of the United States, upon the death of President Warren G. Harding in San Francisco. • August 13 • The first major seagoing ship arrives at Gdynia, the newly constructed Polish seaport. • Gustav Stresemann is named Chancellor of Germany, and founds a coalition government for the Weimar Republic, where hyperinflation means that more than 4,600,000 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar. • August 18The first British Track & Field championships for women are held in London. • August 30 – Hurricane season begins, with a tropical storm northeast of the Turks and Caicos Islands. • August 31 – The Italian navy occupies Corfu, in retaliation for the murder of an Italian officer. The League of Nations protests, and the occupation ends on September 30. September–October September 1 • The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing more than 100,000 people. • The Kantō Massacre begins and continues for several weeks. Ethnic Koreans are killed by lynch mobs based on rumors that Koreans are committing crimes and plotting to overthrow the government. The death toll (and even the occurrence of) the massacre is disputed, with figures ranging from a few dozen to over 6,000 deaths. Most of the deaths are of Korean people, although it is said that other ethnic minorities and even Japanese people with unusual dialects are also killed. • September 4 – The United States Navy's first home-built rigid airship makes her first flight at Naval Air Station Lakehurst (New Jersey); she contains most of the world's extracted reserves of helium at this time. • September 6 – The Fukuda Village Incident occurs as a part of the larger Kantō Massacre. Nine Japanese people, including a pregnant woman and children, are killed based on false beliefs that they are ethnic Koreans. • September 7 – At the International Police Conference in Vienna, the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), better known as Interpol, is set up. • September 8Honda Point disaster: Nine United States Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast. • September 9 – Turkish head of state Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founds the Republican People's Party (CHP). • September 10 – The Irish Free State joins the League of Nations. • September 11 – Struggling for a foothold in southern China, Sun Yat-sen decides to ally his Nationalist Kuomintang party with the Comintern and the Chinese Communist Party. • September 13 – Military coup in Spain: Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship. Trade unions are prohibited for 10 years. • September 171923 Berkeley fire: A major fire in Berkeley, California, erupts, consuming some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California. • September 1826 – Newspaper printers strike in New York City. • September 24Atlantic hurricane season: The second major hurricane strikes north of Hispaniola. • September 26 – In Bavaria, Gustav Ritter von Kahr takes dictatorial powers. • September 29 • The first American Track & Field championships for women are held in New Jersey. • The League of Nations Mandate for Palestine (1922) comes into effect, officially creating under British administration the protectorates of Palestine and the separate Emirate of Transjordan under Abdullah I. The French-administered Mandate for Syria and Lebanon also takes effect. • September 30Küstrin Putsch: Outside Berlin, Major Ernst Buchrucker, a leader of the Black Reichswehr, attempts a putsch by seizing several forts. • October 1 – The Johor–Singapore Causeway opens to public traffic. • October 2Küstrin Putsch: After two days of siege, Major Buchrucker and his men surrender. • October 6 – The Occupation of Constantinople ends when the great powers of World War I withdraw. • October 13Ankara replaces Istanbul (Constantinople), as the capital of Turkey. • The first recorded example of a storm crossing from the Eastern Pacific into the Atlantic occurs in Oaxaca. • October 14 – The fourth tropical storm of the year forms just north of Panama. • October 15 – The fifth tropical storm of the year forms north of the Leeward Islands. • October 16 • A sixth tropical storm develops in the Gulf of Mexico; a rare occurrence, it consists of four active tropical storms simultaneously. • Roy and Walt Disney found The Walt Disney Company, at this time known as the Disney Brothers Studio. • October 23Hamburg Uprising: In Germany, the Communists attempt a putsch in Hamburg, which results in street battles in that city for the next two days, when it ends unsuccessfully. • October 27 – In Germany, General Hans von Seeckt orders the Reichswehr to dissolve the Social Democratic-Communist government of Saxony, which is refusing to accept the authority of the Reich government. • October 28 – In Qajar dynasty Persia, Reza Khan becomes Ahmad Shah Qajar's prime minister. • October 29Turkey becomes a republic, following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire; Kemal Atatürk is elected as first president. • October 30İsmet İnönü is appointed as the first prime minister of Turkey. November–December November 1 • The Finnish flag carrier airline Finnair is started, as Aero oy. • The 1923 Victorian Police strike begins in Australia, with half of the Victoria Police force standing down over the use of labor spies. Rioting and looting take place in Melbourne city centre. • November 8Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day in one of several significant events on 9 November in German history. 20 people die as a result of associated violence. • November 11Adolf Hitler is arrested for his leading role in the Beer Hall Putsch. • November 12 – Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie, in Wellington Barracks, London. • November 15Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic: Hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Papiermark (4.2 trillion on the short scale). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency and replaces it with the Rentenmark, at an exchange rate of one Rentenmark to 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion on the short scale) Papiermark (effective November 20). • November 23 - The 1923 Irish hunger strikes end. Thousands of Irish republicans took part in prisons across Ireland; five prisoners died in the hunger strikes. • November 23Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses in Germany. • December 1 – In Italy, the Gleno Dam on the Gleno River, in the Valle di Scalve in the northern province of Bergamo, bursts, killing at least 356 people. • December 61923 United Kingdom general election: The governing Conservatives under Stanley Baldwin fail to achieve an overall majority and allow the Labour Party to form a minority government. • Calvin Coolidge addresses the United States Congress in the first radio broadcast from a President of the U.S.December 21 – The Nepal–Britain Treaty is the first to define the international status of Nepal as an independent sovereign country. • December 27Toranomon Incident: In Tokyo, Crown Prince Hirohito of Japan survives an assassination attempt by communist student Daisuke Nanba. • December 29Vladimir K. Zworykin files his first patent (in the United States) for "television systems". == Births ==
Births
January January 1Wahiduddin Ahmed, Bangladeshi academic (d. 2018) • Valentina Cortese, Italian actress (d. 2019) • Vulo Radev, Bulgarian film director (d. 2001) • Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944) • January 2Abdel Aziz Mohamed Hegazy, 38th Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2014) • Rachel Waterhouse, English historian and author (d. 2020) • January 3Renato Guatelli, Italian partisan (d. 1944) • Hank Stram, American football coach, broadcaster (d. 2005) • January 4Ricardo C. Puno, Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 2018) • Mohan Lall Shrimal, Indian chief justice • Wilfred Waters, English Olympic cyclist (d. 2006) • January 5Virginia Halas McCaskey, American football team owner (d. 2025) • Nat Neujean, Belgian sculptor (d. 2018) • Sam Phillips, American record producer (d. 2003) • January 6Leah Chase, African-American chef, author and television personality (d. 2019) • Robert A. Chase, American surgeon and educator (d. 2024) • Norman Kirk, 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1974) • January 7Gertrude Ehrlich, Austrian-born American mathematician (d. 2025) • Joseph A. Hardy III, American businessman (d. 2023) • Hugh Kenner, Canadian literary critic (d. 2003) • Jean Lucienbonnet, French racing driver (d. 1962) • Johnny Macknowski, Russian-born American basketball player (d. 2024) • Héctor Mayagoitia Domínguez, Mexican chemical bacteriologist and politician (d. 2023) • January 8Larry Storch, American actor (d. 2022) • Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985) • January 11Wright King, American actor (d. 2018) • Paavo Lonkila, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (d. 2017) • Ernst Nolte, German historian (d. 2016) • January 12Ira Hayes, U.S. Marine flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1955) • Sune Wehlin, Swedish pentathlete (d. 2020) • January 15Lee Teng-hui, Taiwanese politician, 4th President of the Republic of China (d. 2020) • January 16Max Fink, American neurologist and psychiatrist (d. 2025) • Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004) • Antonio Riboldi, Italian Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2017) • Walther Wever, German fighter ace (d. 1945) • January 17Francesc Badia Batalla, Spanish-born Andorran Bishop, Episcopal Véguier (d. 2020) • January 18Jan Ruff O'Herne, Dutch-Australian human rights activist (d. 2019) • January 19Jean Stapleton, American actress (All in the Family) (d. 2013) • January 20Nora Brockstedt, Norwegian singer (d. 2015) • Slim Whitman, American country & western musician (d. 2013) • January 21Prince Andrew Romanov, Russian-American artist and author (d. 2021) • January 22Diana Douglas, British-born American actress, mother of actor/producer Michael Douglas (d. 2015) • January 23Horace Ashenfelter, American athlete (d. 2018) • Silvano Campeggi, Italian film poster designer (d. 2018) • Cot Deal, American major league baseball player, coach (d. 2013) • January 24Geneviève Asse, French painter (d. 2021) • January 25Arvid Carlsson, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2018) • Rusty Draper, American singer (d. 2003) • Jacob Korevaar, Dutch mathematician (d. 2025) • Dirk Bernard Joseph Schouten, Dutch economist (d. 2018) • January 26Anne Jeffreys, American actress, singer (d. 2017) • January 27Enrico Braggiotti, Monegasque banker (d. 2019) • January 28Erling Lorentzen, Norwegian shipowner and industrialist (d. 2021) • Sante Spessotto, Italian Roman Catholic priest and saint (d. 1980) • January 29Jack Burke Jr., American golfer (d. 2024) • Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981) • Khir Johari, Malaysian politician (d. 2006) • January 31Norman Mailer, American novelist, journalist and dramatist (d. 2007) February February 1Stig Mårtensson, Swedish racing cyclist (d. 2010) • Gena Turgel, Polish author, Holocaust survivor and educator (d. 2018) • February 2James Dickey, American poet, author (Deliverance) (d. 1997) • Red Schoendienst, American baseball player (d. 2018) • Liz Smith, American gossip columnist (d. 2017) • Clem Windsor, Australian rugby union player, surgeon (d. 2007) • February 3Edith Barney, American female professional baseball player (d. 2010) • February 4Bonar Bain, Canadian actor (d. 2005) • Belisario Betancur, Colombian politician, 26th President of Colombia (d. 2018) • February 5Dora Bryan, English actress (d. 2014) • Fatmawati, 1st First Lady of Indonesia (d. 1980) • Claude King, American country music singer and songwriter (d. 2013) • February 6Gyula Lóránt, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 1981) • Georges Pouliot, Canadian fencer (d. 2019) • Vija Vētra, Latvian dancer and choreographer (d. 2026) • February 7Egil Abrahamsen, Norwegian ships engineer (d. 2023) • George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, first grandchild of King George V (d. 2011) • William F. Stanton, American politician (d. 2024) • February 8Urpo Korhonen, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (d. 2009) • February 9Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964) • February 10Allie Sherman, American professional football coach (d. 2015) • Cesare Siepi, Italian opera singer (d. 2010) • February 11Antony Flew, English philosopher and academic (d. 2010) • Rosita Fornés, Cuban-American actress (d. 2020) • Pamela Sharples, Baroness Sharples, English politician (d. 2022) • February 12Knox Martin, American artist (d. 2022) • Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film, opera director (d. 2019) • February 13Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003) • Chuck Yeager, American test pilot, NASA official (d. 2020) • February 15Marcel Denis, Belgian comics artist (d. 2002) • Ken Hofmann, American businessman (d. 2018) • February 16Samuel Willenberg, Polish-born Israeli sculptor, painter and last surviving member of the Treblinka extermination camp revolt (d. 2016) • February 17Jun Fukuda, Japanese film director (d. 2000) • February 18Allan Melvin, American actor (d. 2008) • February 20Victor Atiyeh, American politician (d. 2014) • Forbes Burnham, Guyanese politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guyana and 2nd President of Guyana (d. 1985) • Robert Lucy, Swiss gymnast (d. 2009) • February 21Wilbur R. Ingalls Jr., American architect (d. 1997) • William Winter, American politician (d. 2020) • February 22Norman Smith, English singer, record producer (d. 2008) • February 23Ioannis Grivas, Greek judge, politician and 176th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2016) • rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan politician and Interim President (d. 2014) • John van Hengel, American "Father of Food Banking" (d. 2005) • February 24David Soyer, American cellist (d. 2010) • February 27Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player, actor (d. 1990) • James Ross MacDonald, American physicist (d. 2024) • February 28Jean Carson, American actress (d. 2005) • Charles Durning, American actor (d. 2012) March March 2Orrin Keepnews, American record producer (d. 2015) • Robert H. Michel, American Republican Party politician (d. 2017) • March 3Tamara Lisitsian, Soviet film director (d. 2009) • Doc Watson, American folk guitarist, songwriter (d. 2012) • March 4Russell Freeburg, American journalist and author • Piero D'Inzeo, Italian Olympic show jumping rider (d. 2014) • Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer, broadcaster (d. 2012) • March 6Ed McMahon, American television personality (d. 2009) • Wes Montgomery, African-American jazz musician (d. 1968) • March 7Mahlon Clark, American musician (d. 2007) • Thomas Keating, American monk (d. 2018) • March 8Louk Hulsman, Dutch criminologist (d. 2009) • March 9James L. Buckley, American politician, United States Senator (1971–77) (d. 2023) • Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 2016) • William Lyon, American major general (d. 2020) • March 10Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015) • March 11Agatha Barbara, Maltese politician (d. 2002) • Paul Muller, Swiss actor (d. 2016) • March 12Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed-skater (d. 2013) • Wally Schirra, American astronaut (d. 2007) • Mae Young, American wrestler (d. 2014) • March 14Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971) • Joe M. Jackson, American Medal of Honour recipient (d. 2019) • Celeste Rodrigues, Portuguese singer (d. 2018) • March 15Lou Richards, Australian footballer (d. 2017) • Willy Semmelrogge, German actor (d. 1984) • March 19Oskar Fischer, East German politician (d. 2020) • March 21Louis-Edmond Hamelin, Canadian geographer, author and academic (d. 2020) • Merle Keagle, American female professional baseball player (d. 1960) • Olive Nicol, Baroness Nicol, British politician, life peer (d. 2018) • Rezső Nyers, Hungarian politician (d. 2018) • Nirmala Srivastava, Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga (d. 2011) • March 22Marcel Marceau, world-renowned French mime (d. 2007) • March 24Murray Hamilton, American actor (d. 1986) • March 25Lewis Elton, German-English physicist and researcher (d. 2018) • Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (d. 2003) • March 26Romolo Catasta, Italian Olympic rower (d. 1985) • Baba Hari Dass, Indian yoga master, silent monk, and commentator (d. 2018) • Bob Elliott, American comedian (d. 2016) • March 27Ulla Sallert, Swedish actress, singer (d. 2018) • Louis Simpson, Jamaican-born poet (d. 2012) • March 28Thad Jones, American jazz musician (d. 1986) • Ine Schäffer, Austrian athlete (d. 2009) • March 29Geoff Duke, British motorcycle racer (d. 2015) • March 31Don Barksdale, American basketball player (d. 1993) • Shoshana Damari, Yemenite-Israeli singer (d. 2006) April April 2Alice Haylett, American professional baseball player (d. 2004) • Gloria Henry, American actress (d. 2021) • Johnny Paton, Scottish football player, coach and manager (d. 2015) • G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician (d. 2016) • April 4Maximiano Tuazon Cruz, Filipino Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2013) • Gene Reynolds, American actor (d. 2020) • Peter Vaughan, English actor (d. 2016) • April 5Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Vietnam (d. 2001) • April 8George Fisher, American political cartoonist (d. 2003) • Edward Mulhare, Irish-born American actor (d. 1997) • April 10John Watkins, South African cricketer (d. 2021) • April 12Ann Miller, American actress and dancer (d. 2004) • April 13Don Adams, American actor, comedian (Get Smart) (d. 2005) • April 14Lydia Clarke, American actress, photographer (d. 2018) • Roberto De Vicenzo, Argentine professional golfer, winner of the 1967 Open Championship (d. 2017) • April 15Douglas Wass, British civil servant (d. 2017) • April 17Étienne Bally, French sprinter (d. 2018) • April 19Sen Sōshitsu XV, Japanese hereditary master (d. 2025) • April 20Mother Angelica, American nun, founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) (d. 2016) • Irene Lieblich, Polish-born painter (d. 2008) • April 22Paula Fox, American writer (d. 2017) • Geoffrey Hattersley-Smith, English/Canadian geologist and glaciologist (d. 2012) • Bettie Page, American model (d. 2008) • Aaron Spelling, American television producer, writer (d. 2006) • April 23Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas (d. 2010) • April 24Sir John Conant, 2nd Baronet, English aristocrat (d. 2024) • Bülent Ulusu, 18th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2015) • April 25Francis Graham-Smith, English astronomer, academic (d. 2025) • Albert King, American musician (d. 1992) • Grant Munro, Canadian animator, filmmaker and actor (d. 2017) • April 27Lloyd F. Wheat, American lawyer and politician (d. 2004) • April 29Walter Deutsch, Austrian musicologist (d. 2024) • April 30Al Lewis, American actor (The Munsters) (d. 2006) • Francis Tucker, South African rally driver (d. 2008) May May 1Frank Brian, American basketball player (d. 2017) • Fernando Cabrita, Portuguese football forward, manager (d. 2014) • Joseph Heller, American novelist (Catch-22) (d. 1999) • Billy Steel, Scottish footballer (d. 1982) • May 2Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (d. 2008) • Paul Shooner, Canadian politician (d. 2025) • May 3Francis Bellotti, American lawyer and politician (d. 2024) • Francesco Paolo Bonifacio, Italian politician and jurist (d. 1989) • Alexander Harvey II, American judge (d. 2017) • May 4Gillis William Long, American politician (d. 1985) • Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer, musician, conductor, poet and author (d. 1986) • Eric Sykes, English actor (d. 2012) • May 5Sergey Akhromeyev, Soviet marshal, former Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Armed Forces (d. 1991) • Ezekiel Guti, Zimbabwean pastor and archbishop (d. 2023) • Edit Perényi-Weckinger, Hungarian gymnast (d. 2019) • Konrad Repgen, German historian (d. 2017) • Richard Wollheim, English philosopher (d. 2003) • May 6Josep Seguer, Spanish football defender, manager (d. 2014) • Archduchess Yolande of Austria (d. 2023) • May 7Anne Baxter, American actress (d. 1985) • Jim Lowe, American singer-songwriter (d. 2016) • J. Mack Robinson, American businessman (d. 2014) • May 8Louise Meriwether, American novelist, journalist and activist (d. 2023) • Yusof Rawa, Malaysian politician (d. 2000) • May 10Heydar Aliyev, 3rd President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003) (d. 2003) • May 11Louise Arnold, American baseball player (d. 2010) • Eugenio Calabi, Italian-born American mathematician (d. 2023) • Fred McLafferty, American chemist (d. 2021) • May 12Mila del Sol, Filipino actress, entrepreneur and philanthropist (d. 2020) • May 13Ruth Adler Schnee, German-American textile, interior designer (d. 2023) • John Pearce, Australian tennis player (d. 1992) • Betty Webb, code breaker at Bletchley Park during World War Two (d. 2025) • May 14Willis Blair, Canadian politician (d. 2014) • Josette Molland, WWII French Resistance member and artist (d. 2024) • Alberto Ortiz, Uruguayan pentathlete (d. 1990) • Adnan Pachachi, Iraqi Foreign Minister (d. 2019) • Alfredo Pieroni, Italian journalist (d. 2011) • Mrinal Sen, Indian filmmaker (d. 2018) • May 15Doris Dowling, American actress (d. 2004) • John Lanchbery, English composer (d. 2003) • Gholamreza Pahlavi, Persian prince (d. 2017) • May 16Merton Miller, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000) • Lingam Suryanarayana, Indian surgeon • May 17Anthony Eyton, English painter and educator • Peter Mennin, American composer, teacher and administrator (d. 1983) • David Wasawo, Kenyan zoologist, conservationist, and university administrator (d. 2014) • May 18Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 2004) • May 19Peter Lo Sui Yin, Malaysian politician (d. 2020) • May 20Israel Gutman, Israeli historian (d. 2013) • May 21Vernon Biever, American photographer (d. 2010) • Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (d. 2003) • Désiré Carré, French footballer (d. 2014) • Dorothy Hewett, Australian writer (d. 2002) • Ara Parseghian, American football coach (d. 2017) • Evelyn Ward, American actress (d. 2012) • May 23Ranajit Guha, Indian historian (d. 2023) • Kalidas Shrestha, Nepalese artist (d. 2016) • May 24Seijun Suzuki, Japanese filmmaker, actor and screenwriter (d. 2017) • May 25Bernard Koura, French painter (d. 2018) • May 26James Arness, American actor (Gunsmoke) (d. 2011) • Roy Dotrice, English actor (d. 2017) • Horst Tappert, German television actor (d. 2008) • May 27Henry Kissinger, German-born United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 2023) • Sumner Redstone, American businessman (d. 2020) • Alfonso Wong, Hong Kong cartoonist (d. 2017) • May 28György Ligeti, Hungarian composer (d. 2006) • N. T. Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor, politician (d. 1996) • T. M. Thiagarajan, Carnatic musicologist from Tamil Nadu in Southern India (d. 2007) • May 29Edward H. Sims, American author (d. 2014) • Eugene Wright, American jazz bassist (d. 2020) • May 30Zdeněk Košta, Czech cyclist (d. 2022) • Jimmy Lydon, American actor, producer (d. 2022) • Dennis V. Razis, Greek oncologist (d. 2017) • May 31Robert O. Becker, American orthopedic surgeon (d. 2008) • Ellsworth Kelly, American artist (d. 2015) • Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005) June June 2Ted Leehane, Australian rules footballer (d. 2014) • Lloyd Shapley, American mathematician, economist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016) • June 3Phil Nimmons, American jazz musician and composer (d. 2024) • Peter Thorne, British Royal Air Force pilot (d. 2014) • June 4Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (d. 2007) • Yuriko, Princess Mikasa, Japanese princess (d. 2024) • June 5Peggy Stewart, American actress (d. 2019) • June 6V. C. Andrews, American novelist (d. 1996) • Jeff Dwire, American small businessman (d. 1974) • June 7Jean Baratte, French international footballer, striker and manager (d. 1986) • Giorgio Belladonna, Italian bridge player, one of the greatest of all time (d. 1995) • Harold Garde, American artist (d. 2022) • June 8Alice Coleman, English geographer (d. 2023) • Tang Hsiang Chien, Hong Kong industrialist (d. 2018) • June 9Stanley Michael Gartler, American molecular biologist and geneticist • Gerald Götting, German politician (d. 2015) • René Henry Gracida, American bishop (d. 2026) • I. H. Latif, Indian military officer (d. 2018) • June 10Madeleine Lebeau, French actress (d. 2016) • Robert Maxwell, Slovak-born media entrepreneur (d. 1991) • Françoise Sullivan, Canadian painter, sculptor, dancer and choreographer • June 11Roland L. Bragg, American army paratrooper (d. 1999) • Bernard F. Grabowski, American politician (d. 2019) • June 12Juan Arza, Spanish football forward, manager (d. 2011) • Herta Elviste, Estonian actress (d. 2015) • June 13Lloyd Conover, American scientist (d. 2017) • June 14Jack Hayward, English businessman (d. 2014) • Silvia Infantas, Chilean singer and actress (d. 2024) • Judith Kerr, English writer and illustrator (d. 2019) • Kari Polanyi Levitt, Canadian economist • Donald Smith, English cricketer (d. 2021) • June 15Herbert Chitepo, Zimbabwe African National Union leader (d. 1975) • Johnny Most, American basketball radio announcer (d. 1993) • Ninian Stephen, 20th Governor-General of Australia (d. 2017) • June 16Wanda Janicka, Polish architect, participant in the Warsaw Uprising (d. 2023) • June 17William G. Adams, 9th mayor of St. John's, member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (d. 2005) • Enrique Angelelli, Argentine bishop (d. 1976) • Anthony Bevilacqua, American Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 2012) • Sukh Dev, Indian organic chemist, academic and researcher (d. 2024) • W. M. Gorman, Irish economist, academic (d. 2003) • Arnold S. Relman, American internist (d. 2014) • Jan Veselý, Czech cyclist (d. 2003) • June 18Clinton Ballou, American biochemist and professor (d. 2021) • Szymon Szurmiej, Polish-Jewish actor, director, and general manager (d. 2014) • Elizabeth Weber, South African literary writer • June 19Geri M. Joseph, American journalist and academic (d. 2023) • Andrés Rodríguez, 47th President of Paraguay (d. 1997) • June 20Bjørn Watt-Boolsen, Danish actor (d. 1998) • Franklin B. Zimmerman, American musicologist and conductor • June 21Johann Eyfells, Icelandic artist (d. 2019) • June 22John Oldham, American college player, athletic director and basketball coach (d. 2020) • Felo Ramírez, Cuban-American Spanish-language radio voice of the Miami Marlins (d. 2017) • June 23André Antunes, Portuguese sports shooter (d. 2002) • Makhmut Gareev, Russian general (d. 2019) • Doris Johnson, American politician (d. 2021) • Mario Milita, Italian actor and voice actor (d. 2017) • Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lanka statesman, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (d. 1993) • Jerry Rullo, American professional basketball player (d. 2016) • Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian Resistance fighter (d. 1945) • June 24Yves Bonnefoy, French poet, art historian (d. 2016) • Cesare Romiti, Italian economist (d. 2020) • T-Model Ford, African-American blues musician (d. 2013) • Benjamin de Vries, Dutch-born Israeli economic historian • June 25Jamshid Amouzegar, 43rd Prime Minister of Iran (d. 2016) • Stan Clements, English footballer (d. 2018) • Doug Everingham, Australian politician, minister (d. 2017) • Sam Francis, American painter (d. 1994) • Vatroslav Mimica, Croatian film director, screenwriter (d. 2020) • June 26Ed Bearss, American military historian and author (d. 2020) • Barbara Graham, American criminal (d. 1955) • Jonah Kinigstein, American artist (d. 2025) • Musa'id bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi prince (d. 2013) • June 27Beth Chatto, British plantswoman, garden designer and author (d. 2018) • Mitchell Flint, American lawyer, veteran aviator (d. 2017) • Gus Zernial, American baseball player, sports commentator (d. 2011) • June 28Daniil Khrabrovitsky, Soviet film director (d. 1980) • Giff Roux, American basketball player (d. 2011) • Gaye Stewart, Canadian ice hockey forward (d. 2010) • June 29Sérgio Britto, Brazilian actor (d. 2011) • Renyldo Ferreira, Brazilian equestrian (d. 2023) • Alfred Goodwin, senior judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (d. 2022) • Olav Thon, Norwegian real estate magnate (d. 2024) • Chou Wen-chung, Chinese-American composer, educator (d. 2019) • June 30Gad Beck, Israeli-German educator, author, activist and Holocaust survivor (d. 2012) • Ivo Orlandi, Venezuelan sports shooter (d. 2000) July July 1Scotty Bowers, American marine, author (d. 2019) • Herman Chernoff, American applied mathematician, statistician and physicist • July 2Constantin Dăscălescu, 52nd Prime Minister of Romania (d. 2003) • Wisława Szymborska, Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012) • July 3Hugo Machado, Uruguayan cyclist (d. 2015) • Felipe Zetter, Mexican football defender (d. 2013) • July 4Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2013) • George Mostow, American mathematician, renowned for his contributions to Lie theory (d. 2017) • July 5Hermann Gummel, German semiconductor industry pioneer (d. 2022) • July 6Constantin Bălăceanu-Stolnici, Romanian neurologist (d. 2023) • Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish Communist politician, 8th Prime Minister of Poland and President of Poland (d. 2014) • Kallu Dhani Ram, Fijian farmers activist • July 7Leonardo Ferrel, Bolivian football player (d. 2013) • Whitney North Seymour Jr., American administrator (d. 2019) • Kitty White, American jazz singer (d. 2009) • July 8Val Bettin, American actor (d. 2021) • Harrison Dillard, African-American track and field athlete (d. 2019) • Ivor Germain, Barbadian professional light/welterweight boxer (d. 1982) • Eric Hill, English cricketer (d. 2010) • July 9Jill Knight, British politician (d. 2022) • July 10Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer and actress (d. 2001) • John Bradley, U.S. Navy flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1994) • Stanton Forbes, American writer (d. 2013) • Rudolf Kehrer, Soviet and Russian classical pianist (d. 2013) • Mátyás Tímár, Hungarian politician and economist (d. 2020) • July 11Olavo Rodrigues Barbosa, Brazilian football player (d. 2010) • Gilbert Morand, French non-commissioned officer, skier (d. 2008) • Roy Neighbors, American politician (d. 2017) • Richard Pipes, Polish-American academic who specialized in Russian history (d. 2018) • Bernard Punsly, American actor (d. 2004) • July 12Francisco Castro, Puerto Rican long jumper, triple jumper (d. 2008) • Freddie Fields, American theatrical agent, film producer (d. 2007) • James E. Gunn, American science fiction writer, editor, scholar, and anthologist (d. 2020) • July 13Alexandre Astruc, French film critic, director (d. 2016) • Ashley Bryan, American writer and illustrator (d. 2022) • James H. Harvey, American Air Force officer • Shmuel Laviv-Lubin, Israeli sports shooter (d. 2012) • Erich Lessing, Austrian photographer (d. 2018) • Norma Zimmer, American singer (d. 2011) • July 14María Martín, Spanish actress (d. 2014) • Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013) • July 16Chris Argyris, American business theorist (d. 2013) • Mari Evans, African-American poet (d. 2017) • Giuseppe Madini, Italian professional football player (d. 1998) • Len Okrie, American catcher (d. 2018) • July 18Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (d. 1997) • Michael Medwin, English actor (d. 2020) • Odvar Omland, Norwegian politician (d. 2025) • July 19Alex Hannum, American basketball player (d. 2002) • Soini Nikkinen, Finnish javelin thrower (d. 2012) • July 20Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist, journalist (d. 2005) • Elisabeth Becker, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1946) • James Bree, British actor (d. 2008) • July 21Walter Brenner, American professor (d. 2017) • Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate • William Wise, American children's writer • July 22Bob Dole, American Republican politician, presidential candidate (d. 2021) • Anthony Enahoro, Nigerian politician (d. 2010) • Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976) • The Fabulous Moolah, American professional wrestler (d. 2007) • July 23Witto Aloma, Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1997) • Morris Halle, Latvian-American linguist (d. 2018) • July 24Albert Vanhoye, French cardinal (d. 2021) • July 25Estelle Getty, American actress (d. 2008) • Leonardo Villar, Brazilian actor (d. 2020) • July 28Robert P. Madison, American architect • Ian McDonald, Australian cricketer (d. 2019) • July 29Edgar Cortright, American scientist, engineer (d. 2014) • Jim Marshall, British founder of Marshall Amplification (d. 2012) • July 31Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist noted for inventing Kevlar (d. 2014) • Jean-Jacques Moreau, French mathematician, mechanician (d. 2014) • William Joseph Nealon Jr., American judge (d. 2018) • Kent Rogers, American actor (d. 1944) August August 2Shimon Peres, 8th Prime Minister of Israel, 9th President of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 2016) • Charlie Wells, American crime novelist (d. 2004) • Ike Williams, American boxer (d. 1994) • August 3Jean Hagen, American actress (d. 1977) • Anne Klein, American fashion designer (d. 1974) • Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria (d. 2012) • August 4Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy, American judge (d. 2014) • Santiago Omar Riveros, Argentine general (d. 2024) • Franz Karl Stanzel, Austrian literary theorist (d. 2023) • August 5 • Sir Michael Kerry, QC, British civil servant, Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor (d. 2012) • Devan Nair, third President of Singapore (d. 2005) • August 6John Dunmore, New Zealand academic, historian and author (d. 2023) • Paul Hellyer, Canadian engineer, politician (d. 2021) • Moira Lister, Anglo-South African film, stage and television actress (d. 2007) • Jack Parnell, English producer, bandleader and musician (d. 2010) • August 7Ramesh Mehta, Indian playwright, director and actor (d. 2012) • August 8Eve Miller, American actress (d. 1973) • Latifa al-Zayyat, Egyptian activist, writer (d. 1996) • August 9John Stephenson, American actor and voice actor (d. 2015) • August 10Iosif Fabian, Romanian football striker, coach (d. 2008) • Rhonda Fleming, American actress (d. 2020) • Fred Ridgway, English cricketer (d. 2015) • David H. Rodgers, American politician (d. 2017) • August 11Jeanne Bisgood, English golfer (d. 2024) • Roy Roper, New Zealand rugby player (d. 2023) • August 12Ruth Stiles Gannett, American children's writer (d. 2024) • Carlo Smuraglia, Italian politician and partisan (d. 2022) • August 14Kuldip Nayar, Indian journalist, human rights activist and politician (d. 2018) • Ivan Uzlov, Soviet-born Ukrainian scientist and metallurgist (d. 2022) • August 15Enver Mamedov, Soviet diplomat and media manager (d. 2023) • Rose Marie, American actress, comedian, and singer (d. 2017) • August 16Francisco de Andrade, Portuguese competitive sailor, Olympic medalist (d. 2021) • Millôr Fernandes, Brazilian cartoonist, playwright (d. 2012) • August 17Carlos Cruz-Diez, Venezuelan artist (d. 2019) • August 19Esmeralda Agoglia, Argentinian ballerina (d. 2014) • August 20Jim Reeves, American country singer (d. 1964) • Arthur Upton, South African cricketer (d. 2015) • August 21Larry Grayson, English comedian, game show host (d. 1995) • August 22Guenter Lewy, German-born American author and political scientist • Aldo Scavarda, Italian cinematographer (d. unknown) • Carolina Slim, American Piedmont blues singer, guitarist (d. 1953) • August 23Siti Hartinah, 2nd First Lady of Indonesia, wife of Suharto (d. 1996) • Artturi Niemelä, Finnish homesteader and politician (d. 2021) • Henry F. Warner, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1944) • Balram Jakhar, Indian politician (d. 2016) • August 24Eddie Deerfield, American government official (d. 2022) • Arthur Jensen, American educational psychologist (d. 2012) • August 25Luis Abanto Morales, Peruvian singer, composer (d. 2017) • August 26N. A. Ramaiah, Indian physical chemist • Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor, pianist (d. 2013) • August 27Inge Egger, Austrian actress (d. 1976) • Hun Neang, father of Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (d. 2013) • August 28Arthur Payne, Australian speedway rider (d. 2025) • Andrea Veggio, Italian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2020) • August 29 • Sir Richard Attenborough, English actor, film director (d. 2014) • Maurizio Bucci, Italian diplomat • Ashi Tashi Dorji, Bhutanese royal • Marmaduke Hussey, Baron Hussey of North Bradley, chairman of the BBC (d. 2006) • August 30Joseph Lawson Howze, American Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2019) • Giacomo Rondinella, Italian singer, actor (d. 2015) • Vic Seixas, American tennis player (d. 2024) • August 31Emilinha Borba, popular Brazilian singer (d. 2005) SeptemberSeptember 1Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969) • Tunku Ampuan Najihah, Queen consort of Malaysia (d. 2023) • Kenneth Thomson, Canadian businessman, art collector (d. 2006) • September 3Glen Bell, American entrepreneur, founder of Taco Bell (d. 2010) • Mort Walker, American cartoonist, creator of Beetle Bailey (d. 2018) • September 4Mirko Ellis, Swiss-Italian actor (d. 2014) • Ram Kishore Shukla, Indian politician (d. 2003) • Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi, Pakistani banker, writer and humorist (d. 2018) • September 5Aileen Adams, English consultant anaesthetist • September 6Eloy Tato Losada, Spanish Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2022) • King Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970) • September 7Madeleine Dring, British composer, actress (d. 1977) • Peter Lawford, English actor (d. 1984) • Bill Nankivell, Australian politician (d. 2024) • September 8Joy Laville, English-Mexican sculptor, potter and painter (d. 2018) • Eleanor Vadala, American chemist, materials engineer and balloonist (d. 2023) • September 9Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2008) • Cliff Robertson, American actor (d. 2011) • Charles Grier Sellers, American historian (d. 2021) • Marcel Zanini, Turkish-born French jazz musician (d. 2023) • September 10Uri Avnery, Israeli writer (d. 2018) • Joe Wallach, American businessman • September 11Vasilije Mokranjac, Serbian composer (d. 1984) • Harry D. Schultz, American investment adviser and author (d. 2023) • September 12Joe Shulman, American jazz bassist (d. 1957), • Mary E Reed, Member of Mt Rainier Methodist Church (d. 2015) • September 13Natália Correia, Portuguese writer, poet and social activist (d. 1993) • U. L. Gooch, American politician (d. 2021) • Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Soviet partisan (d. 1941) • September 14Carl-Erik Asplund, Swedish speed skater (d. 2024) • September 15Audrey Stuckes, English material scientist (d. 2006) • September 16Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (d. 2015) • September 17David Oreck, American entrepreneur (d. 2023) • Hank Williams, American country musician (d. 1953) • September 18Queen Anne of Romania, born Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma, French-born queen consort (d. 2016) • Al Quie, American politician (d. 2023) • September 20Geraldine Clinton Little, Northern Ireland-born poet (d. 1997) • September 21Carol Berman, American politician (d. 2023) • Linwood Holton, American politician (d. 2021) • Luba Skořepová, Czech actress (d. 2016) • September 22Dannie Abse, Welsh poet (d. 2014) • Agha Ibrahim Akram, Pakistani general (d. 1989) • September 23Anita Cornwell, American lesbian feminist author (d. 2023) • Basil Feldman, Baron Feldman, English politician (d. 2019) • Eberhard W. Kornfeld, Swiss auctioneer and art collector (d. 2023) • Maybell Lebron, Argentine-born Paraguayan writer • Socorro Ramos, Filipino entrepreneur • Shubert Spero, American rabbi • Jimmy Weldon, American voice actor and ventriloquist (d. 2023) • Samuel V. Wilson, American army general (d. 2017) • September 24Mervyn Brown, British diplomat and historian (d. 2023) • Fats Navarro, American jazz trumpet player (d. 1950) • Li Yuan-tsu, Taiwanese politician (d. 2017) • September 26Aleksandr Alov, Soviet film director, screenwriter (d. 1983) • Dev Anand, Indian actor, film producer, writer and director (d. 2011) • James Hennessy, English businessman and diplomat (d. 2024) • September 27James Condon, Australian actor (d. 2014) • George Dickson, American football player (d. 2020) • September 28Giuseppe Casale, Italian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2023) • Roedad Khan, Pakistani politician and civil servant (d. 2024) • September 29Nicholas Amer, English actor (d. 2019) • September 30Norman C. Gaddis, American Air Force officer and fighter pilot (d. 2024) • Thérèse Gouin Décarie, Canadian developmental psychologist and educator (d. 2024) • Donald Swann, Welsh musician and composer (d. 1994) OctoberOctober 1Babe McCarthy, American professional and collegiate basketball coach (d. 1975) • Mary Morello, American anti-censorship activist • Kim Yaroshevskaya, Russian-born Canadian actress (d. 2025) • October 2Abdullah CD, Malaysian politician (d. 2024) • Shih Chun-jen, Taiwanese neurosurgeon (d. 2017) • Absalón Castellanos Domínguez, Mexican politician (d. 2017) • Judith Hemmendinger, German-born Israeli researcher and author (d. 2024) • Eugenio Cruz Vargas, Chilean poet, painter (d. 2014) • Hershel W. Williams, American Medal of Honour recipient (d. 2022) • October 3Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004) • Stanisław Skrowaczewski, Polish-born orchestral conductor (d. 2017) • October 4Charlton Heston, American actor (The Ten Commandments) (d. 2008) • October 5Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic football player, politician (d. 1994) • Glynis Johns, South African-born Welsh actress (d. 2024) • Ricardo Lavié, Argentine actor (d. 2010) • Stig Dagerman, Swedish writer (d. 1954) • October 6Yasar Kemal, Turkish writer (d. 2015) • Robert Kuok, Malaysian-Chinese business magnate, investor • Yakov Neishtadt, Russian-born Israeli chess player (d. 2023) • Emmett Hulcy Tidd, American military officer (d. 2018) • October 7Irma Grese, German Nazi concentration camp guard, war criminal (executed 1945) • October 9Helen Corey, American cookbook author and educator (d. 2024) • Haim Gouri, Israeli poet (d. 2018) • Keshub Mahindra, Indian businessman (d. 2023) • V. P. Appukutta Poduval, Indian independence activist • October 10James "Jabby" Jabara, American aviator, first American jet fighter ace (d. 1966) • Asri Muda, Malaysian politician (d. 1992) • Nicholas Parsons, English television and radio presenter (d. 2020) • Murray Walker, British motor racing commentator (d. 2021) • October 13Harry Pregerson, American federal judge (d. 2017) • Faas Wilkes, Dutch football (soccer) player (d. 2006) • October 15Italo Calvino, Italian writer (d. 1985) • Bettina Moissi, German actress (d. 2023) • October 16Linda Darnell, American actress (d. 1965) • October 17Henryk Gulbinowicz, Polish cardinal (d. 2020) • Charles McClendon, American Hall of Fame college football coach (d. 2001) • October 18Eileen Sheridan, English cyclist (d. 2023) • October 19Beatrix Hamburg, American psychiatrist (d. 2018) • October 20V. S. Achuthanandan, Indian politician (d. 2025) • Marc Clark, English-born Australian sculptor (d. 2021) • Otfried Preußler, German children's books author (d. 2013) • October 23John Meisel, Canadian political scientist, professor and scholar (d. 2025) • Ned Rorem, American composer and author (d. 2022) • Frank Sutton, American actor (d. 1974) • Julia Wipplinger, South African tennis player • October 24 • Sir Robin Day, British political broadcaster (d. 2000) • Denise Levertov, British-born American poet (d. 1997) • October 25J. Esmonde Barry, Canadian healthcare activist, political commentator (d. 2007) • Achille Silvestrini, Italian cardinal (d. 2019) • October 27Dorothy Kloss, American dancer • Roy Lichtenstein, American pop artist (d. 1997) • October 29Vincent Cyril Richard Arthur Charles Crabbe, Ghanaian judge (d. 2018) • Carl Djerassi, American chemist (d. 2015) • Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs, Dutch athlete (d. 2015) November November 1Victoria de los Ángeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005) • Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001) • James Ramsden, English politician (d. 2020) • Imre Varga, Hungarian sculptor (d. 2019) • November 2Henry Moore, English bishop (d. 2025) • Cesare Rubini, Italian basketball player, coach (d. 2011) • Ida Vitale, Uruguayan translator, author and literary critic • November 3Garnett Thomas Eisele, American district court judge (d. 2017) • Violetta Elvin, née Prokhorova, Russian-born ballerina (d. 2021) • Charles Nolte, American actor, director, playwright and educator (d. 2010) • Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Irish Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1990) • Giovanni Battista Urbani, Italian politician (d. 2018) • November 4John Herbers, American journalist, author, editor, World War II veteran and Pulitzer Prize finalist (d. 2017) • Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (d. 2020) • Guillermo Rodríguez, 31st President of EcuadorNovember 5Rudolf Augstein, German journalist, founder and part-owner of magazine (d. 2002) • Kay Lionikas, Greek-American female baseball player (d. 1978) • Aiko Satō, Japanese novelist • November 6Nizoramo Zaripova, Soviet politician and women's rights activist (d. 2024) • November 8Yisrael Friedman, Romanian-born Israeli rabbi (d. 2017) • Józef Hen, Polish writer • Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 2005) • Jaroslav Šír, Czechoslovak soldier and skier • November 9Elizabeth Hawley, American journalist (d. 2018) • November 11Victor Brombert, American scholar (d. 2024) • P. K. van der Byl, Rhodesian politician (d. 1999) • William P. Murphy Jr., American medical doctor and inventor (d. 2023) • Isaac Trachtenberg, Soviet-born Ukrainian hygienist (d. 2023) • November 12Loriot, German actor (d. 2011) • November 13Linda Christian, Mexican film actress (d. 2011) • November 14Misael Pastrana Borrero, 23rd President of Colombia (d. 1997) • Cleyde Yáconis, Brazilian actress (d. 2013) • November 15Michael Lapage, English rower (d. 2018) • Fred Richmond, American politician (d. 2019) • November 17Louis Danziger, American graphic designer and educator • Ruth W. Greenfield, American concert pianist and teacher (d. 2023) • Aristides Pereira, President of Cape Verde (d. 2011) • Mike Garcia, American professional baseball player (d. 1986) • November 18Howard R. Lamar, American historian (d. 2023) • Edith Graef McGeer, American-born Canadian neuroscientist (d. 2023) • Cornelis Ruhtenberg, American painter (d. 2008) • Alan Shepard, first American astronaut, fifth person to walk on the Moon (d. 1998) • Ted Stevens, American politician (d. 2010) • November 19Robert Harlow, Canadian writer and academic • November 20Nadine Gordimer, South African fiction writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014) • November 22Tu An, Chinese poet, translator (d. 2017) • Martin Forde, American labor union activist (d. 2022) • Arthur Hiller, Canadian film director (d. 2016) • November 23Betty Brewer, American actress (d. 2006) • Billy Haughton, American harness driver, trainer (d. 1986) • Eric Heath, New Zealand artist and illustrator (d. 2025) • Keiju Kobayashi, Japanese actor (d. 2010) • Julien J. LeBourgeois, American vice admiral (d. 2012) • Gloria Whelan, American poet, short story writer and novelist • November 24Octavio Lepage, Venezuelan politician, Acting President of Venezuela (d. 2017) • November 25Mauno Koivisto, 2-Time Prime Minister of Finland and 9th President of Finland (d. 2017) • November 26Luigi Bettazzi, Italian Catholic bishop (d. 2023) • Tom Hughes, Australian politician and barrister (d. 2024) • Pat Phoenix, English actress (d. 1986) • November 28Gloria Grahame, American actress (d. 1981) • James Karen, American actor (d. 2018) • November 29Augusto Lauro, Italian prelate (d. 2023) DecemberDecember 1Maurice De Bevere, better known as Morris, Belgian cartoonist, comics artist and illustrator (d. 2001) • William F. House, American otologist, inventor of the Cochlear implant (d. 2012) • Dick Shawn, American actor (d. 1987) • Stansfield Turner, American admiral, Director of Central Intelligence (d. 2018) • December 2Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977) • December 3Dede Allen, American film editor (Bonnie and Clyde) (d. 2010) • Stjepan Bobek, Yugoslav football player (d. 2010) • Moyra Fraser, British actress (d. 2009) • Abe Pollin, American sports owner (d. 2009) • December 4Vincent Ball, Australian actor • Simon Bland, English soldier and courtier (d. 2022) • December 5Khosiat Boboeva, Tajikistani historian • Eleanor Dapkus, American female professional baseball player (d. 2011) • Johnny Pate, American jazz musician • Philip Slier, Dutch Jewish typesetter (d. 1943) • December 6Emile Hemmen, Luxembourg poet and writer (d. 2021) • Maury Laws, American composer (d. 2019) • Bryan Thwaites, English mathematician, educationalist and administrator • December 7Robert Geddes, American architect (d. 2023) • Ted Knight, American actor (d. 1986) • December 8Dewey Martin, American actor (d. 2018) • Rudolph Pariser, American physicist and polymer chemist (d. 2021) • December 9Jack M. Guttentag, American academic (d. 2024) • Elliot Valenstein, American psychologist and neuroscientist (d. 2023) • December 10Harold Gould, American character actor (d. 2010) • Abelardo Quinteros, Chilean composer • Meg Woolf, English artist (d. 2023) • December 11Betsy Blair, American film actress (d. 2009) • Denis Brian, Welsh journalist and author (d. 2017) • Farhang Mehr, Iranian-born American Zoroastrian scholar, writer (d. 2018) • December 12Bob Barker, American game show host (The Price Is Right) (d. 2023) • Bob Dorough, American pianist and composer (d. 2018) • Jacqueline Fleury, French resistance fighter • Emahoy Tsegué-Maryam Guèbrou, Ethiopian nun (d. 2023) • Ken Kavanagh, Australian motorcycle racer (d. 2019) • December 13Philip Warren Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2020) • Larry Doby, African-American baseball player (d. 2003) • Doireann MacDermott, Irish translator, writer and academic (d. 2024) • Alfonso Osorio, Spanish politician (d. 2018) • Antoni Tàpies, Catalan painter (d. 2012) • Herb Wilkinson, American basketball player • December 14Sully Boyar, American actor (d. 2001) • Chris Ogunbanjo, Nigerian lawyer and philanthropist (d. 2023) • Gerard Reve, Dutch writer (d. 2006) • December 15Freeman Dyson, English-born physicist (d. 2020) • Aishah Ghani, Malaysian politician (d. 2013) • Viktor Shuvalov, Soviet ice hockey player (d. 2021) • December 16Jo-Carroll Dennison, American actress, Miss America (d. 2021) • Menahem Pressler, German-American pianist (d. 2023) • December 17Robert William Bradford, Canadian artist (d. 2023) • Jaroslav Pelikan, American historian (d. 2006) • December 18Edwin Bramall, senior British Army officer (d. 2019) • Émile Knecht, Swiss Olympic rower (d. 2019) • December 19Gordon Jackson, Scottish actor (d. 1990) • December 20Ambalavaner Sivanandan, Sri Lankan novelist (d. 2018) • December 21Wat Misaka, American baseball player (d. 2019) • December 22Peregrine Worsthorne, English journalist, writer and broadcaster (d. 2020) • December 23Dave Bolen, American athlete and ambassador (d. 2022) • José Serra Gil, Spanish racing cyclist (d. 2002) • Enrique Lucca, Venezuelan sports shooter (d. 2021) • TL Osborn, American televangelist, singer and author (d. 2013) • James Stockdale, U.S. Navy admiral, vice presidential candidate (d. 2005) • Earl P. Yates, American admiral (d. 2021) • December 24George Patton IV, American general (d. 2004) • Simon Perchik, American poet (d. 2022) • December 25Luis Álamos, Chilean football manager (d. 1983) • René Girard, French-American historian (d. 2015) • Sonya Olschanezky, World War II heroine (d. 1944) • Satyananda Saraswati, Indian founder of Satyananda Yoga and Bihar Yoga (d. 2009) • Billy Watson, American child actor (d. 2022) • Jack Zunz, South African-English engineer (d. 2018) • December 26Richard Artschwager, American painter, illustrator and sculptor (d. 2013) • Dick Teague, American industrial designer (d. 1991) • December 27Lucas Mangope, President of Bophuthatswana Bantustan (d. 2018) • December 28Louis Lansana Beavogui, Guinean politician (d. 1984) • Georg Hille, Norwegian clergyman (d. 2023) • Mira Sulpizi, Italian composer • December 29Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, French mathematician and physicist (d. 2025) • Cheikh Anta Diop, Senegalese historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician (d. 1986) • Lily Ebert, Hungarian-born English Holocaust survivor (d. 2024) • David Teacher, British RAF veteran (d. 2024) • Dina Merrill, American actress, heiress, socialite and philanthropist (d. 2017) • Mike Nussbaum, American actor and director (d. 2023) • December 30Carl-Göran Ekerwald, Swedish novelist, literary critic and teacher (d. 2025) • December 31Balbir Singh Sr., Indian hockey player (d. 2020) ==Deaths==
Deaths
January January 1Willie Keeler, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1872) • January 2Thomas Bavister, English-born Australian politician (b. 1850) • Girolamo Caruso, Italian agronomist, teacher (b. 1842) • January 3Jaroslav Hašek, Czech writer (b. 1883) • January 8Shimamura Hayao, Japanese admiral (b. 1858) • January 9Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand-born British novelist, died in France (b. 1888) • Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters, British couple hanged for murder (Thompson b. 1893, Bywaters b. 1902) • January 11Constantine I, abdicated king of Greece (b. 1868) • January 12Herbert Silberer, Austrian psychoanalyst (b. 1882) • January 13Alexandre Ribot, French statesman, 46th Prime Minister of France (b. 1842) • January 16Abdul Kerim Pasha, Ottoman general (b. 1872) • January 18Wallace Reid, American actor (b. 1891) • January 19Amalia Eriksson, Swedish businesswoman (b. 1824) • January 23Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher and Zionist leader (b. 1849) • January 27Carolina Santocanale, Italian Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1852) • January 30Columba Marmion, Irish Benedictine and Roman Catholic monk and blessed (b. 1858) • January 31Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish artist, political activist and assassin (executed) (b. 1869) February February 1Ernst Troeltsch, German theologian (b. 1865) • Luigi Variara, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1875) • February 3 – Count Kuroki Tamemoto, Japanese general (b. 1844) • February 4Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1833) • Prince Fushimi Sadanaru of Japan (b. 1858) • February 5Count Erich Kielmansegg, former Prime Minister of Austria (b. 1847) • February 6Edward Emerson Barnard, American astronomer (b. 1857) • Gerdt von Bassewitz, Prussian general, playwright and actor (b. 1878) • February 8Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and political theorist (b. 1848) • February 10Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845) • February 14Bartolomeo Bacilieri, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1842) • February 19Gerónimo Giménez, Spanish conductor, composer (b. 1854) • February 21Prince Miguel, Duke of Viseu (b. 1878) • February 22Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852) • Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1853) • February 24Edward W. Morley, American physicist, chemist (b. 1838) • February 26Walter B. Barrows, American naturalist (b. 1855) March March 1Rui Barbosa, Brazilian polymath, diplomat, writer, jurist and politician (b. 1849) • William Bourke Cockran, Irish-American congressman and politician (b. 1854) • March 3Melancthon J. Briggs, American lawyer, politician (b. 1846) • March 6Joseph McDermott, American actor (b. 1878) • March 8Pascual Álvarez, Filipino general (b. 1861) • Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1837) • March 11Júlia da Silva Bruhns, Brazilian merchant (b. 1851) • March 15Goat Anderson, American baseball player (b. 1880) • March 16George Bean, English cricketer (b. 1864) • March 25Inokuchi Ariya, Japanese technologist, professor (b. 1856) • March 26Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844) • March 27 – Sir James Dewar, British chemist (b. 1842) • March 28Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general (b. 1847) • March 31Konstantin Budkevich, Soviet Roman Catholic priest and servant of God (executed) (b. 1867) April April 1Prince Naruhisa Kitashirakawa of Japan (b. 1887) • April 2Michel Théato, Luxembourg athlete (b. 1878) • April 4Julius Martov, Russian Menshevik leader (b. 1873) • John Venn, British mathematician (b. 1834) • April 5George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, British financier of Egyptian excavations (b. 1866) • April 6Alice Cunningham Fletcher, American ethnologist and anthropologist (b. 1838) • April 15Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra, 17th President of Costa Rica (b. 1844) • April 16Isidore Jacques Eggermont, Belgian diplomat (b. 1844) • April 17Madre Teresa Nuzzo, Maltese Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1851) • April 18Savina Petrilli, Italian Roman Catholic religious professed and blessed (b. 1851) • April 22Frank Baldwin, American general (b. 1842) • Thomas Perrett, Sgt in the Confederate States Army and North Carolina State Senator (b. 1843) • April 23Mary Cynthia Dickerson, American herpetologist (b. 1866) • Princess Louise of Prussia (b. 1838) • April 24William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (b. 1876) May May 2Alfred Harding, American Episcopal bishop (b. 1852) • May 5Rosario de Acuña, Spanish author (b. 1850) • May 7 - Walter Dinnie, British and New Zealand police officer (b. 1850) • May 9Constantin Cristescu, Romanian general (b. 1866) • May 10Charles de Freycinet, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1828) • May 17Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar, Spanish nobleman, politician, and Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1856) • Thomas Scott Baldwin, American balloonist, general (b. 1854) • Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (b. 1852) • May 21Hans Goldschmidt, German chemist (b. 1861) • Charles Kent, British actor (b. 1852) • May 23Nicola Barbato, Italian doctor, socialist and politician (b. 1856) • May 29Albert Deullin, French flying ace of World War I (b. 1890) June June 4Alexander Milne Calder, Scottish-born American sculptor (b. 1846) • Filippo Smaldone, Italian Roman Catholic priest, saint (b. 1848) • June 5Carl von Horn, German general (b. 1847) • June 9Takeo Arishima, Japanese novelist, writer and essayist (b. 1878) • Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria (b. 1846) • June 10Pierre Loti, French writer, naval officer (b. 1850) • June 12Kate Bishop, English actress (b. 1848) • June 14Isabelle Bogelot, French philanthropist (b. 1838) • Aleksandar Stamboliyski, 20th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (assassinated) (b. 1879) • June 17Alexis-Xyste Bernard, Canadian Catholic bishop (b. 1847) • June 18Hristo Smirnenski, Bulgarian poet (b. 1898) • June 20Princess Marie of Battenberg (b. 1852) • June 23Keiichi Aichi, Japanese physicist (b. 1880) • June 24Edith Södergran, Finnish author (b. 1892) July July 9William R. Day, American lawyer and diplomat, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1849) • July 10Albert Chevalier, British music hall comedian (b. 1861) • July 12Ernst Otto Beckmann, German pharmacist, chemist (b. 1853) • July 15Janey Sevilla Callander, British producer (b. 1846) • July 17Theodor Rosetti, 16th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1837) • July 19Auguste Bouché-Leclercq, French historian (b. 1842) • July 20Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (assassinated) (b. 1878) • July 23Charles Dupuy, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1851) • July 30Sir Charles Hawtrey, British actor (b. 1858) August August 1Pierre Brizon, French teacher, deputy and pacifist (b. 1878) • August 2Warren G. Harding, American politician, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865) • August 5Vatroslav Jagić, Croatian scholar (b. 1838) • August 9Victor II, Duke of Ratibor (b. 1847) • August 10Joaquín Sorolla, Spanish painter (b. 1863) • August 15Marty Hogan, English baseball player (b. 1869) • August 19Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist (b. 1848) • August 21Sir William Meredith, Canadian politician and judge (b. 1840) • August 23Ernest Francis Bashford, British oncologist (b. 1873) • Henry C. Mustin, American naval aviation pioneer (b. 1874) • August 24Katō Tomosaburō, Imperial Japanese Navy officer, 12th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1861) • Kate Douglas Wiggin, American author (b. 1856) • August 26Hertha Ayrton, English engineer, mathematician and inventor (b. 1854) • August 27Edward Hill, American painter (b. 1843) • August 29Princess Anastasia of Greece and Denmark (b. 1878) September September 6Pedro José Escalón, Salvadorian military officer, 21st President of El Salvador (b. 1847) • September 9Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, Brazilian soldier and politician, 8th President of Brazil (b. 1855) • September 14Nemesio Canales, Puerto Rican essayist, novelist, playwright, journalist, activist and politician (b. 1878) • September 17Stefanos Dragoumis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1842) • September 19Sophus Andersen, Danish composer (b. 1859) • September 23Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvares, Indian Orthodox priest and saint (b. 1836) • Carl L. Boeckmann, Norwegian-born American artist (b. 1867) • John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn, British politician, editor (b. 1838) • September 25Elbazduko Britayev, Russian playwright, author (b. 1881) • September 26Luigi Tezza, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1841) October October 3Kadambini Ganguly, doctor (b. 1861) • October 6Damat Ferid Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman EmpireOctober 10Herman Gottfried Breijer, Dutch-born South African naturalist and museologist (b. 1864) • Andrés Avelino Cáceres, Peruvian general, twice President of Peru (b. 1836) • October 12Diego Manuel Chamorro, 14th President of Nicaragua (b. 1861) • October 23Hannah Johnston Bailey, American temperance advocate, suffragist (b. 1839) • Félix Fourdrain, French organist, composer (b. 1880) • October 26Charles Proteus Steinmetz, German-American engineer and electrician (b. 1865) • October 28Stojan Protić, Yugoslav statesman and writer, 1st Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1857) • Theodor Reuss, German occultist (b. 1855) • October 30Bonar Law, British politician, 39th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858) November November 5Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, French novelist and poet (b. 1880) • November 9 (among those killed in Munich Beer Hall Putsch): • Oskar Körner, German businessman (b. 1875) • Karl Laforce, German student (b. 1904) • Ludwig Maximilian Erwin von Scheubner-Richter, German diplomat, revolutionary (b. 1884) • November 10Ricciotto Canudo, Italian theoretician (b. 1877) • November 14Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover (b. 1845) • November 15Mohammad Yaqub Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (b. 1849) • November 21Lars Emil Bruun, Danish grocer, numismatist (b. 1852) • November 30Martha Mansfield, American actress (b. 1899) December December 2Tomás Bretón, Spanish composer (b. 1850) • December 4Maurice Barres, French novelist, journalist and politician (b. 1862) • December 9Meggie Albanesi, British actress (b. 1899) • December 10Thomas George Bonney, English geologist (b. 1833) • December 11Kata Dalström, Swedish politician (b. 1858) • December 13Théophile Steinlen, Swiss painter (b. 1859) • December 14Giuseppe Gallignani, Italian composer, conductor and teacher (b. 1851) • December 22Georg Luger, German firearms designer (b. 1849) • December 25William Ludwig, Irish opera singer (b. 1847) • December 26Rafael Valentín Errázuriz, Chilean politician, diplomat (b. 1861) • December 27Gustave Eiffel, French engineer, architect (Eiffel Tower) (b. 1832) • Lluís Domènech i Montaner, Spanish architect (b. 1850) • December 28Frank Hayes, American actor (b. 1871) Date unknown Józef Tretiak, Polish writer (b. 1841) == Nobel Prizes ==
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